The 5G Era | Gist of Rajya Sabha TV / RSTV (now Sansad TV) - UPSC PDF Download

Introduction:

Prime Minister inaugurated 5G services in India on  marking the beginning of the use of the next generation network in the country. The 5G services will be rolled out in a phased manner. The 13 cities where 5G networks will be launched first include Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Chandigarh, Chennai, Delhi, Gandhinagar, Gurugram, Hyderabad, Jamnagar, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai and Pune. 5G technology will offer a wide range of benefits to the common people such as seamless coverage, high data rate, low latency, and highly reliable communications. It will also help in real-time monitoring of disasters, precision agriculture, minimising the role of humans in dangerous industrial operations and delivery of critical services.

5G Benefits:

• A more Connected World:
  • 5G will provide the capacity and bandwidth as per the need of the user to accommodate technologies such as Internet of Things.
  • Thus, will help to incorporate Artificial Intelligence in our lives. It can also support Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality services.
• It will revolutionize the mobile experience, consumers will be able to download data heavy content such as 8K movies and games with better graphics in just a few seconds. But once 5G becomes commercial, users will be required to change their current devices in favour of 5G-enabled ones.
• However, it is likely that the primary use of the technology will go beyond delivery of services on personal mobiles devices.
• A government panel on 5G says the technology will extend the use of wireless technologies for the first time across completely new sectors of the economy from industrial to commercial, educational, health care, agricultural, financial and social sectors.
• The report also stresses that even after the entry of 5G into the Indian networks, the earlier generation mobile technologies (2G, 3G and 4G) will continue to remain in use and that it may take 10 or more years to phase them out.

Various field Applications of 5G Network:

• One of the primary applications of 5Gwill be implementation of sensor-embedded network that will allow real time relay of information across fields such as manufacturing, consumer durables and agriculture.
• 5G can also help make transport infrastructure more efficient by making it smart. 5G will enable vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, making driverless cars, among other things, a reality.
• Low latency is one of the most important features of 5G technology which is significant for mission critical applications. 5G networks are capable of latency less than a millisecond.
• 5G will be using new radio millimetre waves for transmission. It has much higher bandwidth compared to lower LTE bands and capable of huge data rate.
• 5G is the most efficient candidate for Internet of Things due to its flexibility, unused spectrum availability and low-cost solutions for deployment.
• IoT applications will collects huge amount of data from millions of devices and sensors. It requires an efficient network for data collection, processing, transmission, control and real-time analytics.
• Healthcare industry has to integrate all the operation with use of a powerful network.
• 5G will power healthcare industry with smart medical devices, Internet of medical things, smart analytics, and high definition medical imaging technologies.

 Way forward for India:

• Need to align Digital India with 5G technology.
• Strengthen our cyber infrastructure.
• Incentivize design and manufacture of 5G technologies, products and solutions in India.
• Allocate funds and incentivise local technology and telecom firms to develop their internal capacities which would in turn help 5G technology succeed in the country
• Promote 5G start-ups that enable this design and manufacturing capabilities.
• Promote generation of IPR backing the above designs.
• Manufacture of 5G chipsets, this may require massive investments.
• Appropriate test-beds and technology platforms to enable and help Indian technical ecosystem to have an edge in 5G.
• Accelerated deployment of next generation ubiquitous ultra-high broadband infrastructure with 100% coverage of 10 Gbps across urban India and 1 Gbps across Rural India.
• Coverage, reliability, and scalability must be optimized and seamless mobile networks will require a unified management policy to ensure consistent standards