The Hindu Editorial Analysis- 6th March 2024 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

Green Jobs and the Problem of Gender Disparity

Why in News?

The transition to low-carbon development has the potential to add about 35 million green jobs in India by 2047. The International Labour Organization defines green jobs as “decent jobs that contribute to preservation or restoration of the environment”. Many of these span across sectors, such as manufacturing, construction, renewable energy, energy efficiency and automobiles, which traditionally saw a lower representation of women.

What are ‘Green Jobs’?

• ‘Green jobs’ refer to a class of jobs that directly have a positive impact on the planet, and contribute to the overall environmental welfare.
• Jobs involving renewable energy, conservation of resources, ensuring energy efficient means are categorised under the same.
• In all, they are aimed at reducing the negative environmental impact of economic sectors and furthering the process of creating a low-carbon economy.
• The idea behind a low-carbon economy or decarbonisation is fairly simple — it is about maintaining a sustainable economy.

India and ‘green jobs’

• The Skill Council for Green Jobs was launched by the Union government on October 1, 2015.
• Aligned to the National Skill Development Missions, it was set up to be a not-for-profit, independent, industry-led initiative.

Why need Green Jobs?

• The UNEP’s 2019 Emissions Gap report dictates that it is essential for greenhouse gas emissions to reduce by 7.6% per annum between the years 2020 to 2030.
• This is necessary to reach the target that was set during the Paris Agreement.
• Failing to meet the same would consequently result in a failure to effectively combat global warming.
• Consequently, a decarbonized economy plays a key role in ensuring a greener, safer, healthier and more sustainable planet to inhabit.

Way forward

• According to the ILO, India moving to a green economy by the next decade would alone create about 3 million jobs in the renewable energy sector.
• The renewable energy sector created about 47,000 new jobs in 2017 accounting for a 12% increase in just the span of a year.
• For India ‘green jobs’ can prove immensely useful to the country with sectors like renewable energy, waste management, green transport and urban farming.
• An integrated, systematic approach is crucial to ensuring this.

Heady Electoral Rhetoric with a Hegemonic Ring to it

Why in News?

The run-up to the general election this year is a propitious moment to interrogate the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) coalition’s self-presentation of its rule to the electorate, in whose name it governs.

• As the ruling coalition seeks a third consecutive mandate at the Centre, one can trace a tangible shift in the coalition’s campaign pitch to voters. 
• The full form of NDA is National Democratic Alliance. In India, the NDA is an alliance of political parties. In 1998, it was created. The NDA is headed by the BJP (Bhartiya Janata Party). This coalition came to power for the first time between 1998 and 2004. Mr. Atal Bihari Vajpayee was the first PM (prime minister) of this coalition.

List of NDA partners

• BJP (Bhartiya Janata Party)
• Lok Janshakti Party
• Balasahebanchi Shiv Sena
• Republican Party of India (Athawale)
• AIADMK
• Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party
• National People’s Party
• Pattali Makkal Katchi
• Apna Dal
• Sikkim Krantikari Morcha
• Mizo National Front
• All Jharkhand Students Union
• Asom Gana Parishad
• United People’s Party Liberal

Another full form of NDA is National Defence Academy. NDA is the Indian Armed Forces’ Joint defence services training academy. All three Indian forces, the Navy, the Army & the Air Force, are being trained together. They go to their separate military academies for pre-commissioning, following this necessary & compulsory training.

The NDA is situated near Pune, Maharashtra, in Khadakwasla. NDA is the world’s first tri-service academy. It has produced twenty-seven service chiefs, comprising Three Param Vir chakras and Twelve recipients of Ashok chakras.

Coalition Government

• A coalition government is made up of many parties that have all agreed on certain principles and the formation of a government.
• The word 'coalition' comes from the Latin word 'coalition,' which literally means 'to develop together.'
• Two or more parties having enough elected members to constitute a majority may then be able to reach an agreement on a common program that does not necessitate too many extreme compromises with their particular policies and proceed to create a government.
• Coalitions have formed in India before and after elections. The pre-election coalition is useful because it gives a common platform for all parties to lure voters using a shared manifesto.
• Constituents are supposed to be able to share political power and manage the government through a post-election union.

Features of Coalition Government

The following are the characteristics of a coalition government:

• A coalition is formed with the purpose of gaining monetary or psychological gain.
• At least two partners are required for a coalition to exist.
• A coalition system's core idea is based on the simple fact of temporary convergence of specific interests.
• Because coalition players and groups can split and form new ones, coalition politics is not static but a dynamic business.
• Compromise is the hallmark of coalition politics, and hard dogma has no place in it.
• A coalition operates on the basis of a minimal program, which may or may not be perfect for each coalition partner.
• Coalition politics is defined by pragmatism rather than ideology. Principles may have to be laid aside in order to make political concessions.
• The goal of a coalition adjustment is to gain control of the situation.
• All Coalition Government members are selected to a cabinet to ensure the government's smooth operation by establishing shared goals through agendas and tactics.

Merits and Demerits of Coalition Government

The advantages and disadvantages of a coalition government are summarised in the table below:

Conclusion

In politics, a coalition is a grouping of several political parties. When no single political party can assemble a majority of votes in a modern parliament, a coalition is formed. Two or more parties having enough elected members to constitute a majority may then be able to reach an agreement on a common program that does not necessitate too many extreme compromises with their particular policies and proceed to create a government.