According to the Imperial Gazetteer of India, a tribe is defined as a collection of families sharing a common name, language, and territory, and claiming common heritage. India, often referred to as a melting pot of tribes and races, has the second-largest concentration of tribal populations in the world, following Africa. According to the 2011 Census, tribal communities make up approximately 8.9% of India’s total population.
Tribal communities in India are referred to by various terms, each highlighting their distinct identity and status.
The term Scheduled Tribes was first introduced in the Constitution of India, under Article 366 (25), which defines them as communities deemed to be Scheduled Tribes. These communities share certain characteristics such as:
PVTGs, identified in 1975 based on recommendations from the Dhebar Commission, are the most marginalized among the tribal communities. Characteristics of PVTGs include:
Tribal communities in India differ from mainstream society in several key aspects:
Tribal communities in India have made valuable contributions to the country in various domains:
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1. What is the nomenclature used for tribal communities in India? |
2. What are the key differences between tribal communities and mainstream society in India? |
3. How have tribal communities contributed to Indian society? |
4. What challenges do tribal communities face in contemporary India? |
5. How does the Indian government support tribal communities? |