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Potato Family
Diagnostic characters
- Habit: Annual, biennial or perennial herbs, or small tree.
- Roots: Fibrous or tuberous tap root.
- Stem: Herbaceous or Nsood.); sometimes underground stem (tuber).
- Leaves: Petiolate; alternate or opposite; simple; exstipulate;
- Inflorescence: Terminal or lateral cyme or solitary.
- Flower: Pedicillate; ebracteate; actinomorphic or zygomorphic; Regular; complete; hermaphrodite; hypogynous;
- Calyx: 5 sepals; fused (gamosepalous); green; often much enlarged in the fruit.
- Corolla: 5 petals; gamopetalous; bell shaped or funnel shaped.
- Stamens: 5 stamens; epipetalous; anther free or united; basifixed
- Carpel: Bicarpellary; syncarpous; ovary superior; obliquely placed; bilocular, sometimes, become multilocular by the . formation of false septum. Placentation axile.
- Fruits: Capsule or berry
- Seed: Endospermic
- Special features: swollen placenta is present. Ovaries arranged obliquely on thalamus carpels move at angle 45° in clock wise direction. Piateriour carpal turns on right side and anterior carpel turns on left side.
- Multi ocular ovary is formed in tomato and datura due to formation of false septum.
- Unilocular ovary is present in henonia.
- Medicines- Atropa belladona- it's roots are used in manufacture of belladonna. Atropine alkaloids is obtained from the roots.atropine is used to dilate the pupil of the eye.
- Withania somnifera ( ashwagandha's) - it's roots used as nerve tonic,leaves used in fever.
- Stramonium- it is obtained from the seeds of datura,in which scopolamine alkaloid is present. It is pain reliever and sedative.
- Henbane- medicine obtained from the leaves of hyscyamus Niger. It is used in the treatment of asthma and whooping cough.
- Nicotine and anabasin alkaloid is obtain from the leaves of nicotine tabacum and N. Rustica. It is nerve stimulant and are also used as insecticide. It's leaves are used as fumigatory..
- Solanum nigrum -the fruit are laxative.
- Solanum xanthocarpum - the juice of its used in rheumatism and cough.
- Ornamental plants- schizanthus- poor man orchids.
- Brunfelsia hopeana-kal aaj Kal
- Centrum nocturnam- rat ki Rani
- Centrum diurnam- din ka Raja
- Solanum dulcamara- jangali Lara
- Solanum grandifloram.
FAQs on Trick to learn examples of family solanaceae - - NEET
| 1. What are some examples of plants in the family Solanaceae? |  |
Ans. Some examples of plants in the family Solanaceae include tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, bell peppers, and chili peppers.
| 2. What are the characteristics of plants in the family Solanaceae? | |
Ans. Plants in the family Solanaceae typically have alternate leaves, flowers with five fused petals, and fruit that is a berry or capsule. They also often have a distinct odor and contain alkaloids.
| 3. Are Solanaceae plants edible? | |
Ans. Yes, many plants in the Solanaceae family are edible. Examples include tomatoes, potatoes, and peppers. However, it's important to note that some plants in this family, such as certain species of nightshade, can be toxic if consumed.
| 4. Are there any medicinal uses of Solanaceae plants? | |
Ans. Yes, some Solanaceae plants have medicinal uses. For example, Belladonna (Atropa belladonna) is used in traditional medicine for its sedative and pain-relieving properties. Additionally, some species of Datura and Solanum have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes.
| 5. Can Solanaceae plants be grown in home gardens? | |
Ans. Yes, many plants in the Solanaceae family can be grown in home gardens. Tomatoes, potatoes, and peppers are popular choices for home gardeners. They require proper care, including adequate sunlight, water, and soil nutrients, to thrive.
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