Types of RNA : mRNA, rRNA, tRNA Video Lecture - NEET

so this next video is on RNA structure
the structure of that single copy of the
gene that codes for a protein the RNA
nucleotide looks a lot like two DNA
nucleotides but there are a few very
important differences so the RNA
nucleotide also has a phosphate here's
one of the differences it has a deep
having ribose sugar sorry instead of a
deoxyribose sugar so RNA is ribonucleic
acid DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid so
ribose sugar in RNA and then the third
component is nitrogenous base just like
in DNA it has the same exact nitrogenous
base on its three-part nucleotide so in
general a nucleotide is a sugar a
phosphate and a base the difference is
depending on the nucleotide for what the
sugar changes so think about ATP to ATP
is a nucleic acid it's made up of
nucleotides the difference here is that
ATP has three phosphate a ribose sugar
and a base to the side and then RNA has
a phosphate a ribose sugar and a
nitrogenous base to the right DNA has
one phosphate a deoxyribose sugar and a
base to the right so the nucleotide
structure is always a phosphate a sugar
and a base ok one big difference in RNA
is its structure and what is are the
types of nitrogen bases that RNA has so
one of the first one is the same ad mean
except ednan has a different partner in
RNA than it does in DNA adenine instead
of pairing with thymine is going to pair
with a molecule called uracil so your
cells very similar to signing but it
looked at a different chemical component
so it's different entirely
so a with you in our
with T in DNA a with you in RNA the
other two are exactly the same
guanine always pairs with cytosine so
the only difference in the nitrogen
bases of RNA is that a pairs with you
the RNA molecule does have some
differences from the DNA the first is
that RNA is only single-stranded so
remember we said that DNA leaps and can
never leave the nucleus because it's too
big well part of the reason that RNA is
single-stranded is so it can leave the
nucleus RNA is made by copying a segment
of a single strand of DNA so it is not
the entire genetic code is just a piece
of it it uses uracil uracil instead of
signing to bond with adenine and it
leaves the nucleus to go to the
ribosomes in the cytoplasm so that
should tell you if it's going to arrive
soon and must be used in making proteins
so the RNA molecule can leave the
nucleus and it's single-stranded nature
is what allows it to do that now there
are a few different types of RNA that
becomes very important when we're
talking about making proteins so the
very first type of RNA is called
messenger RNA it is a copy of a gene
sequence from a single strand of a DNA
molecule it's just a copy of one segment
of RNA when it is done it's the part
that leaves the nucleus and goes to the
ribosomes either in the cytoplasm or on
the rough endoplasmic reticulum so the
second type of RNA is ribosomal RNA this
is a molecule that makes up the
ribosomes makes up that protein building
unit it helps to make proteins during a
process called translation that we'll
get into a little bit later the third
type
RNA is transfer RNA so all these we
refer to as an abbreviated sin messenger
mRNA ribosomal is our RNA and transfer
RNA or tRNA helps to transfer amino
acids to the ribosomes when they're
needed
so mRNA is a messenger it takes the
message to our RNA our RNA is the
ribosomes and tRNA is the transfer it
transfers amino acids to the ribosome
when they need it so this graphic kind
of shows you how all three work together
so at the top you have the AR RNA which
is the ribosomes in the middle you have
the messenger RNA and that's still a
blue strand on the bottom in that
picture and the messenger RNA is what
the tRNA is using and reading to bring
amino acids to derive them remember
amino acids are the building blocks of
proteins