UPSC CSE Main Past Year Paper 2015: Compulsory Hindi | UPSC Previous Year Question Papers and Video Analysis PDF Download

 Page 1


noniMr. C-AVZ-O-IOEC
Cb (Main Exam;2Qio
HINDI 
( Compulsory )
Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300
QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS
Please read each of the following instructions carefully 
before attempting questions
All questions are to be attempted.
The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.
Answer must be written in HINDI (Devanagari script) unless otherwise directed in the 
question.
Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to and if answered in 
much longer or shorter than the prescribed length, marks may be deducted.
Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be 
clearly struck off.
C--AVZ- 0-30CC! 46 1 [ P.T.O.
Page 2


noniMr. C-AVZ-O-IOEC
Cb (Main Exam;2Qio
HINDI 
( Compulsory )
Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300
QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS
Please read each of the following instructions carefully 
before attempting questions
All questions are to be attempted.
The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.
Answer must be written in HINDI (Devanagari script) unless otherwise directed in the 
question.
Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to and if answered in 
much longer or shorter than the prescribed length, marks may be deducted.
Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be 
clearly struck off.
C--AVZ- 0-30CC! 46 1 [ P.T.O.
100
(a) ^T3t! 3 -^TT cRR
(b) 3RTOcTcTT U 4 > d d l ^ 3RTdT |
(c) W I ^ ¦# S T T C c T 3 f? IW 3 T T T^t t?
(d) 3 t ^ f ? n
2. w m ^ 3fR sntm ^ ^ ^ t t tr w ft ^ 3tr ftc, iifi 3fR itfyH »rm
^^f% Ti: 12><5=60
M z t f ^rT T cft f f t *T R c T % 3 3T^ ^ 80 3Tfcm rf cfrl ^FTR % f | ^ T - tM % 3
t ^ 1%^ fafc F 3Tf^ft $ 3 T F T ^ fc T -^TT I ^pT3Tt 3 % 3 T [£ T R ^R ^ %^eT fcRT
^ ^fuTl 'f % ^ 90 yld^ld IFfcR ft^FTK % 3 ^ T f ^itf^ ^ T3^q 3rfqftcT ^ 3 ^ R ^ ft f |
¦^T rfW, ^ f TO? 3 ^ J 'ldfcRii ^3TTcT TTdcT-sq^R ^ 1WRT % FTC ^ f I ^ ^fcT ^FtT e ft
«RHT f ^ 3 t^TT f , srfq^TCT 3 ^ 3 ^ ft f sfR
a # t 3 fesrra ^ 1 ? I = t ' ' i # ^ RVI-h, s?r -^ti^dl % *ih+i< I crtfer i\ ^ sftfi
37Ft ^ c n % rfr ^ m 3\ tori s M 3 ^ wti f I 3 ®ip % r ^ t h t ~^\ t, f^w% f^u; C ^ - w f
3?R Piqlnd VwRld T?ft 3l<rl "^TR-iT^f rlPhH ^ a iT c T T ^ % ^ft i% > cH cfrl IfH y+K
^ %T ^ 3 TR^ ^ | feft ^T fc^R ^Rct ^ W ld *-^ % fWTt % ^t5 TO ^
3 # w T ^ T S^dlV^t cFT^ 11 3tR, 3#ftrfi ^ % f ^ T ^ ^ ^t ^ W T 11
rff=R ^ T 3fR T O ^ft 11 WETR 3fR o^c|^K % ^ TO , 3TN ^ ^Tl 3^51 f , 3?N W 3 #fefi 
-sq rftcT ^ f , 3?R ^ 3T1^RT ^?% ^ d'4%^t % ^ ^
f— 3I^ft ^T "WT ^fR ^TT ^ if^ ? ” ^ W T I ^fecf t ^ ^ 3 ^ 3m t -f^Rift | 3?R
¦3^Ft ^ 3 ^ ^cldHI ^Tf^., '?i^n ^T-^ITC, rR T R 3tR ^TT '7 3T^\ f, ^TT ^ n ^
WRcn ^ ^ ^Tb i ^ < + )5 c l "I — 'J rf^ ^ s^wrra m ^ Ih "rwf ^ ~ ^ > ¥ , e ft ^ ^n R n «s ,
'ti^'Ml | ” cR? '5^T d l 'l TRTRTc T d l^ H H ld ^ , R ld K -c jl^ ^ , ' f J R - ' ^ ^ M 3^R 'q^T ^ 1^> s rf^ ^ d l 'cRj 
^ 11 ^ 3TTa4 I ^ W \ i ^ T F R T ? J fcRTf 3TT^ft-37^ft ^ ^ I
C-JIVZ-0-30CCI46 2
Page 3


noniMr. C-AVZ-O-IOEC
Cb (Main Exam;2Qio
HINDI 
( Compulsory )
Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300
QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS
Please read each of the following instructions carefully 
before attempting questions
All questions are to be attempted.
The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.
Answer must be written in HINDI (Devanagari script) unless otherwise directed in the 
question.
Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to and if answered in 
much longer or shorter than the prescribed length, marks may be deducted.
Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be 
clearly struck off.
C--AVZ- 0-30CC! 46 1 [ P.T.O.
100
(a) ^T3t! 3 -^TT cRR
(b) 3RTOcTcTT U 4 > d d l ^ 3RTdT |
(c) W I ^ ¦# S T T C c T 3 f? IW 3 T T T^t t?
(d) 3 t ^ f ? n
2. w m ^ 3fR sntm ^ ^ ^ t t tr w ft ^ 3tr ftc, iifi 3fR itfyH »rm
^^f% Ti: 12><5=60
M z t f ^rT T cft f f t *T R c T % 3 3T^ ^ 80 3Tfcm rf cfrl ^FTR % f | ^ T - tM % 3
t ^ 1%^ fafc F 3Tf^ft $ 3 T F T ^ fc T -^TT I ^pT3Tt 3 % 3 T [£ T R ^R ^ %^eT fcRT
^ ^fuTl 'f % ^ 90 yld^ld IFfcR ft^FTK % 3 ^ T f ^itf^ ^ T3^q 3rfqftcT ^ 3 ^ R ^ ft f |
¦^T rfW, ^ f TO? 3 ^ J 'ldfcRii ^3TTcT TTdcT-sq^R ^ 1WRT % FTC ^ f I ^ ^fcT ^FtT e ft
«RHT f ^ 3 t^TT f , srfq^TCT 3 ^ 3 ^ ft f sfR
a # t 3 fesrra ^ 1 ? I = t ' ' i # ^ RVI-h, s?r -^ti^dl % *ih+i< I crtfer i\ ^ sftfi
37Ft ^ c n % rfr ^ m 3\ tori s M 3 ^ wti f I 3 ®ip % r ^ t h t ~^\ t, f^w% f^u; C ^ - w f
3?R Piqlnd VwRld T?ft 3l<rl "^TR-iT^f rlPhH ^ a iT c T T ^ % ^ft i% > cH cfrl IfH y+K
^ %T ^ 3 TR^ ^ | feft ^T fc^R ^Rct ^ W ld *-^ % fWTt % ^t5 TO ^
3 # w T ^ T S^dlV^t cFT^ 11 3tR, 3#ftrfi ^ % f ^ T ^ ^ ^t ^ W T 11
rff=R ^ T 3fR T O ^ft 11 WETR 3fR o^c|^K % ^ TO , 3TN ^ ^Tl 3^51 f , 3?N W 3 #fefi 
-sq rftcT ^ f , 3?R ^ 3T1^RT ^?% ^ d'4%^t % ^ ^
f— 3I^ft ^T "WT ^fR ^TT ^ if^ ? ” ^ W T I ^fecf t ^ ^ 3 ^ 3m t -f^Rift | 3?R
¦3^Ft ^ 3 ^ ^cldHI ^Tf^., '?i^n ^T-^ITC, rR T R 3tR ^TT '7 3T^\ f, ^TT ^ n ^
WRcn ^ ^ ^Tb i ^ < + )5 c l "I — 'J rf^ ^ s^wrra m ^ Ih "rwf ^ ~ ^ > ¥ , e ft ^ ^n R n «s ,
'ti^'Ml | ” cR? '5^T d l 'l TRTRTc T d l^ H H ld ^ , R ld K -c jl^ ^ , ' f J R - ' ^ ^ M 3^R 'q^T ^ 1^> s rf^ ^ d l 'cRj 
^ 11 ^ 3TTa4 I ^ W \ i ^ T F R T ? J fcRTf 3TT^ft-37^ft ^ ^ I
C-JIVZ-0-30CCI46 2
*TR?T 3TFt T^T % , FTT*: c l i w ? tM cRTR ^ t , f c m i ^ H T ? l eHFT f e T f * 5 f e r
V<* 3 T ^ t f e f t ^ f a l f I T&TT ¥ c ffa "?tcTT | % ^ ^ c T R n ^ ^ 'f t f f o ^ R f , % TT $ 3 ^ T ,
isRT ^ R ® ra S T I ^TT ^ M R ^ * lft % I 3HM41 W T f t ^ 3?R iH ^ T ti <*K-) ^ ^ ^ ^ T =b<A
^ ft ^ % 3 T f*fe ? T ^ 1 - 5 ^ R ^ 3 R ftrT 3 ^ ^ T I ^ ^ 1 ^ # T T I ^ T T *TFTT « | % ^ T F T
^n # I c ff ft^ ^ <p$ 3TT^krc 1 w tr efaT f , Frft fefR 3*5 wtst ^ f ftffo ^r rr* fe g f t 
fe ft % T r fc T T§t # % T5 ^ ^ ^ 11 ^M +d % ^ W T 3 T t 3 fe ft TRT^R % ^ d rt ^ *TMI^I R^f
^ctt i w % 3 T r4 ?r ^f^rra 3 tePiftd 3tr! ^ ^p*R 3 ot^rii | % r*tt R3 % t 11 ^TcT R T ^ 
^ t f ^55 3Tk H6^cl'i^i ® T F c l =b$tfl %, eft W t ^TcR ^ I
(a) 3 = R T ^ f, ^ T ft^TTR % 3RTR? f?
(b) 3 T R ^ T ^ T 3 ^RTT ^TFTT I ?
(c) % SFJ^R ^ R fjT F T ^ W T # ^T TPft^R ^TT t?
(d) 3TF5T % ^ T % « f f a f^ M R u lk
(e) ^ R R ^TT 'M ^T 3TR^K % T lfrt ^TT R S ffoT T t?
3. ftnRiRad Tjm\ ^T (Precis) T^-fcfFf ^ ^IW ^cll R^f 11 ^T^R
3Wft m\ 3 feMT «TRT ^TTfp. : 60
W 3 f s [ M R * f t * f e n ^ R W 1 3?R 3TTrR ff^fen W H T O T 3 fR 3TTfsfe ^ ^ T ^ f ! ^ ^ T R ^T?
^ % «f^ 1 W ^ ^ I iR^iR ^ 3 T c ftc T ^ 6HK W T^T «fdl ^ 3TT^T^cTT3f| T J J T %
feR 3 rrg^r (h ^ h ! sfR yr4^fn^ fa % 3 w ri % ^ t ^ w t ^ ^t l^rh fe n i f^ IW , W h
im 3W ri % 3rqT^T a ^ T T c T T ^ ft fe # c l ^ % % t ^ T R c T ^ "f^ft fa ^T^ ^R ^
3TN^ct,dl f I ^53T) % f^qfnT ^ ^raT ^ % f^R ^ #Eft ^ ^ ^ 11
5RT ^ 3 T f ¦# 3T^^T T^T # 3 ? ^ ^TRcT |, ^Rf ^ T %^cT ^FJ^T
¦gsr ^ r t # ft, ^ P f; tt^ t ^^tt f^ R n ^ oft *ft ^ f e n ^t ^fen i 
w fa % m m t\ w n ? 3 q ^ r t w % i 3TcT: ‘^ f ^ ^ t t ’ f t t A Igfte ~ % fr\ 'SRT y 'o ilfd d # f f I m ^ R
cisiVl «(coHI ^ ^ frfc T , T 8 3 1 ^ftfcf ^ 3T"E^t cR? HRdf^RT ^tcft f I «IF *® fT | if^RT’ c T ^ n
C-JVZ-O-JOCCI46 3 [ P.T.O.
Page 4


noniMr. C-AVZ-O-IOEC
Cb (Main Exam;2Qio
HINDI 
( Compulsory )
Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300
QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS
Please read each of the following instructions carefully 
before attempting questions
All questions are to be attempted.
The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.
Answer must be written in HINDI (Devanagari script) unless otherwise directed in the 
question.
Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to and if answered in 
much longer or shorter than the prescribed length, marks may be deducted.
Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be 
clearly struck off.
C--AVZ- 0-30CC! 46 1 [ P.T.O.
100
(a) ^T3t! 3 -^TT cRR
(b) 3RTOcTcTT U 4 > d d l ^ 3RTdT |
(c) W I ^ ¦# S T T C c T 3 f? IW 3 T T T^t t?
(d) 3 t ^ f ? n
2. w m ^ 3fR sntm ^ ^ ^ t t tr w ft ^ 3tr ftc, iifi 3fR itfyH »rm
^^f% Ti: 12><5=60
M z t f ^rT T cft f f t *T R c T % 3 3T^ ^ 80 3Tfcm rf cfrl ^FTR % f | ^ T - tM % 3
t ^ 1%^ fafc F 3Tf^ft $ 3 T F T ^ fc T -^TT I ^pT3Tt 3 % 3 T [£ T R ^R ^ %^eT fcRT
^ ^fuTl 'f % ^ 90 yld^ld IFfcR ft^FTK % 3 ^ T f ^itf^ ^ T3^q 3rfqftcT ^ 3 ^ R ^ ft f |
¦^T rfW, ^ f TO? 3 ^ J 'ldfcRii ^3TTcT TTdcT-sq^R ^ 1WRT % FTC ^ f I ^ ^fcT ^FtT e ft
«RHT f ^ 3 t^TT f , srfq^TCT 3 ^ 3 ^ ft f sfR
a # t 3 fesrra ^ 1 ? I = t ' ' i # ^ RVI-h, s?r -^ti^dl % *ih+i< I crtfer i\ ^ sftfi
37Ft ^ c n % rfr ^ m 3\ tori s M 3 ^ wti f I 3 ®ip % r ^ t h t ~^\ t, f^w% f^u; C ^ - w f
3?R Piqlnd VwRld T?ft 3l<rl "^TR-iT^f rlPhH ^ a iT c T T ^ % ^ft i% > cH cfrl IfH y+K
^ %T ^ 3 TR^ ^ | feft ^T fc^R ^Rct ^ W ld *-^ % fWTt % ^t5 TO ^
3 # w T ^ T S^dlV^t cFT^ 11 3tR, 3#ftrfi ^ % f ^ T ^ ^ ^t ^ W T 11
rff=R ^ T 3fR T O ^ft 11 WETR 3fR o^c|^K % ^ TO , 3TN ^ ^Tl 3^51 f , 3?N W 3 #fefi 
-sq rftcT ^ f , 3?R ^ 3T1^RT ^?% ^ d'4%^t % ^ ^
f— 3I^ft ^T "WT ^fR ^TT ^ if^ ? ” ^ W T I ^fecf t ^ ^ 3 ^ 3m t -f^Rift | 3?R
¦3^Ft ^ 3 ^ ^cldHI ^Tf^., '?i^n ^T-^ITC, rR T R 3tR ^TT '7 3T^\ f, ^TT ^ n ^
WRcn ^ ^ ^Tb i ^ < + )5 c l "I — 'J rf^ ^ s^wrra m ^ Ih "rwf ^ ~ ^ > ¥ , e ft ^ ^n R n «s ,
'ti^'Ml | ” cR? '5^T d l 'l TRTRTc T d l^ H H ld ^ , R ld K -c jl^ ^ , ' f J R - ' ^ ^ M 3^R 'q^T ^ 1^> s rf^ ^ d l 'cRj 
^ 11 ^ 3TTa4 I ^ W \ i ^ T F R T ? J fcRTf 3TT^ft-37^ft ^ ^ I
C-JIVZ-0-30CCI46 2
*TR?T 3TFt T^T % , FTT*: c l i w ? tM cRTR ^ t , f c m i ^ H T ? l eHFT f e T f * 5 f e r
V<* 3 T ^ t f e f t ^ f a l f I T&TT ¥ c ffa "?tcTT | % ^ ^ c T R n ^ ^ 'f t f f o ^ R f , % TT $ 3 ^ T ,
isRT ^ R ® ra S T I ^TT ^ M R ^ * lft % I 3HM41 W T f t ^ 3?R iH ^ T ti <*K-) ^ ^ ^ ^ T =b<A
^ ft ^ % 3 T f*fe ? T ^ 1 - 5 ^ R ^ 3 R ftrT 3 ^ ^ T I ^ ^ 1 ^ # T T I ^ T T *TFTT « | % ^ T F T
^n # I c ff ft^ ^ <p$ 3TT^krc 1 w tr efaT f , Frft fefR 3*5 wtst ^ f ftffo ^r rr* fe g f t 
fe ft % T r fc T T§t # % T5 ^ ^ ^ 11 ^M +d % ^ W T 3 T t 3 fe ft TRT^R % ^ d rt ^ *TMI^I R^f
^ctt i w % 3 T r4 ?r ^f^rra 3 tePiftd 3tr! ^ ^p*R 3 ot^rii | % r*tt R3 % t 11 ^TcT R T ^ 
^ t f ^55 3Tk H6^cl'i^i ® T F c l =b$tfl %, eft W t ^TcR ^ I
(a) 3 = R T ^ f, ^ T ft^TTR % 3RTR? f?
(b) 3 T R ^ T ^ T 3 ^RTT ^TFTT I ?
(c) % SFJ^R ^ R fjT F T ^ W T # ^T TPft^R ^TT t?
(d) 3TF5T % ^ T % « f f a f^ M R u lk
(e) ^ R R ^TT 'M ^T 3TR^K % T lfrt ^TT R S ffoT T t?
3. ftnRiRad Tjm\ ^T (Precis) T^-fcfFf ^ ^IW ^cll R^f 11 ^T^R
3Wft m\ 3 feMT «TRT ^TTfp. : 60
W 3 f s [ M R * f t * f e n ^ R W 1 3?R 3TTrR ff^fen W H T O T 3 fR 3TTfsfe ^ ^ T ^ f ! ^ ^ T R ^T?
^ % «f^ 1 W ^ ^ I iR^iR ^ 3 T c ftc T ^ 6HK W T^T «fdl ^ 3TT^T^cTT3f| T J J T %
feR 3 rrg^r (h ^ h ! sfR yr4^fn^ fa % 3 w ri % ^ t ^ w t ^ ^t l^rh fe n i f^ IW , W h
im 3W ri % 3rqT^T a ^ T T c T T ^ ft fe # c l ^ % % t ^ T R c T ^ "f^ft fa ^T^ ^R ^
3TN^ct,dl f I ^53T) % f^qfnT ^ ^raT ^ % f^R ^ #Eft ^ ^ ^ 11
5RT ^ 3 T f ¦# 3T^^T T^T # 3 ? ^ ^TRcT |, ^Rf ^ T %^cT ^FJ^T
¦gsr ^ r t # ft, ^ P f; tt^ t ^^tt f^ R n ^ oft *ft ^ f e n ^t ^fen i 
w fa % m m t\ w n ? 3 q ^ r t w % i 3TcT: ‘^ f ^ ^ t t ’ f t t A Igfte ~ % fr\ 'SRT y 'o ilfd d # f f I m ^ R
cisiVl «(coHI ^ ^ frfc T , T 8 3 1 ^ftfcf ^ 3T"E^t cR? HRdf^RT ^tcft f I «IF *® fT | if^RT’ c T ^ n
C-JVZ-O-JOCCI46 3 [ P.T.O.
-tfm 3 ^ snrn 11 -ar^ w 3 3 m rt ^ 3 j^facm
¦^tcn ^ n sfR ^RTfsn % fr r fa 3?r f ^ r o % % * sterr *TRcffa 3?fRi tjth im \ ^ t 
*TRcffa 4>4P)41 "^ T H 3 3 fR lfM l % *ffiTet 3 w fa S R R TT ^ '3^ f ^ f t % ^T?! ^RJrP 3SRT,
3 M M ! w t c R^t 3fR w t R % % ii •5ftf¥i% i W w i 11
% -jt^T % cTff&T 3?R 3^8? f<£?ft fa&T TltcRST 3 T rf% ^ rfaR ^ 
sft I W teftqh & f 3 ^ 3rf^TT 3TRTH « r A % 1cIH 3R M 1 t M ^ cRK «HRTT 7 F T T
11 ^ T 8 ^ T 3 JR^ iifeft ft^T ^ ^ % ¦ fe T U , t^o ^ ° 3T T ?° ^ftfcf ^ ^ R ^FMT
' Wl % I dl§^<H * 4 1 Id slHI^I J Nl % 3fR 3T^ tliehl, "f^F^-^i!, «+ > ¦ = !t Hid, 1 T C t8 rrC T T 3M c h<u l, vicM lcM
*ndM snfc ^ 3 w w t M jq m? ^t ^qT^r ^ n
f , 3R "3^ Cll$*}*l 'a lC M .d ^ ffrft I
T ^ T T ^ ^ nIc^ 3?R < 5 I h 1 Pl^l'hl % fd^ ^ ^?T 3^?R "O T^® *} f | T3^ cR i£ '5^7 «< .< *> !< Pl^lTd,
_ d i^ R iJ i, t^ o ^ t° 3T[f° ^ r i ^ T 3fR n f c % ^ftfcr 3 ^ ^ e^f ^ *ft
f¥frr 3fR ifn h M t % ^ tp# 3 ^ ^ N tr ^ 3tht ^ r f ^ i w
^ ifc n ^ I ^ w ^t r y ^ iif d d # n I a f h f a s t f * n (i 3fn; ^ r d t M t s r r a ^ m l i f ^ R i
¦3?^ ^ ^ 3 T w ft ?n^f % ^5 M srafsr % ¦feiT # eA € l ^Hf¥^?n ^TRft # f t I ^ 3T^STFI 1^FW
c T S J T HcflHdH R(PihIuI 8c1H dl3rt 'cr ^H TRT KTR ^TT ?lJ ll I iR=FR, ^ 'HlRI^lcl=0 'MTcft
^ % %tj; -Rfcf^ t ^ yi4^Pl=h 3?R ^ % ^?R ^ ^MyiRlcf,
^R I
4. iHHfdfed ^T ^ iM ^ :
3R^ ^ T ^qra HfWT ^PlWM 11 W ^Rt ^ T R ^ 3?R rfgpf % \ ^ T (\ M ^ | % fa ^ ^
TO 3m 3^ VI ^Td FSrf | WrRTR ^ W-'SSR tfpft % xRif f , iRcft ^ ^vft ^ f , %
fcA f % i^5T *fi ^ < H = h d l I f ^ ^ «lgd ~ * T ^ T ^ ? T | ^ ^
f 3fft ^ ^ % , *rcJf % ^ 3 ^ ^T-TRR 3?IR^: ^ ^r| ^RT^ ^
(3TtTT%R) ^ % |
C-JVZ-O-JOCC! 46 4
Page 5


noniMr. C-AVZ-O-IOEC
Cb (Main Exam;2Qio
HINDI 
( Compulsory )
Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300
QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS
Please read each of the following instructions carefully 
before attempting questions
All questions are to be attempted.
The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.
Answer must be written in HINDI (Devanagari script) unless otherwise directed in the 
question.
Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to and if answered in 
much longer or shorter than the prescribed length, marks may be deducted.
Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be 
clearly struck off.
C--AVZ- 0-30CC! 46 1 [ P.T.O.
100
(a) ^T3t! 3 -^TT cRR
(b) 3RTOcTcTT U 4 > d d l ^ 3RTdT |
(c) W I ^ ¦# S T T C c T 3 f? IW 3 T T T^t t?
(d) 3 t ^ f ? n
2. w m ^ 3fR sntm ^ ^ ^ t t tr w ft ^ 3tr ftc, iifi 3fR itfyH »rm
^^f% Ti: 12><5=60
M z t f ^rT T cft f f t *T R c T % 3 3T^ ^ 80 3Tfcm rf cfrl ^FTR % f | ^ T - tM % 3
t ^ 1%^ fafc F 3Tf^ft $ 3 T F T ^ fc T -^TT I ^pT3Tt 3 % 3 T [£ T R ^R ^ %^eT fcRT
^ ^fuTl 'f % ^ 90 yld^ld IFfcR ft^FTK % 3 ^ T f ^itf^ ^ T3^q 3rfqftcT ^ 3 ^ R ^ ft f |
¦^T rfW, ^ f TO? 3 ^ J 'ldfcRii ^3TTcT TTdcT-sq^R ^ 1WRT % FTC ^ f I ^ ^fcT ^FtT e ft
«RHT f ^ 3 t^TT f , srfq^TCT 3 ^ 3 ^ ft f sfR
a # t 3 fesrra ^ 1 ? I = t ' ' i # ^ RVI-h, s?r -^ti^dl % *ih+i< I crtfer i\ ^ sftfi
37Ft ^ c n % rfr ^ m 3\ tori s M 3 ^ wti f I 3 ®ip % r ^ t h t ~^\ t, f^w% f^u; C ^ - w f
3?R Piqlnd VwRld T?ft 3l<rl "^TR-iT^f rlPhH ^ a iT c T T ^ % ^ft i% > cH cfrl IfH y+K
^ %T ^ 3 TR^ ^ | feft ^T fc^R ^Rct ^ W ld *-^ % fWTt % ^t5 TO ^
3 # w T ^ T S^dlV^t cFT^ 11 3tR, 3#ftrfi ^ % f ^ T ^ ^ ^t ^ W T 11
rff=R ^ T 3fR T O ^ft 11 WETR 3fR o^c|^K % ^ TO , 3TN ^ ^Tl 3^51 f , 3?N W 3 #fefi 
-sq rftcT ^ f , 3?R ^ 3T1^RT ^?% ^ d'4%^t % ^ ^
f— 3I^ft ^T "WT ^fR ^TT ^ if^ ? ” ^ W T I ^fecf t ^ ^ 3 ^ 3m t -f^Rift | 3?R
¦3^Ft ^ 3 ^ ^cldHI ^Tf^., '?i^n ^T-^ITC, rR T R 3tR ^TT '7 3T^\ f, ^TT ^ n ^
WRcn ^ ^ ^Tb i ^ < + )5 c l "I — 'J rf^ ^ s^wrra m ^ Ih "rwf ^ ~ ^ > ¥ , e ft ^ ^n R n «s ,
'ti^'Ml | ” cR? '5^T d l 'l TRTRTc T d l^ H H ld ^ , R ld K -c jl^ ^ , ' f J R - ' ^ ^ M 3^R 'q^T ^ 1^> s rf^ ^ d l 'cRj 
^ 11 ^ 3TTa4 I ^ W \ i ^ T F R T ? J fcRTf 3TT^ft-37^ft ^ ^ I
C-JIVZ-0-30CCI46 2
*TR?T 3TFt T^T % , FTT*: c l i w ? tM cRTR ^ t , f c m i ^ H T ? l eHFT f e T f * 5 f e r
V<* 3 T ^ t f e f t ^ f a l f I T&TT ¥ c ffa "?tcTT | % ^ ^ c T R n ^ ^ 'f t f f o ^ R f , % TT $ 3 ^ T ,
isRT ^ R ® ra S T I ^TT ^ M R ^ * lft % I 3HM41 W T f t ^ 3?R iH ^ T ti <*K-) ^ ^ ^ ^ T =b<A
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3Wft m\ 3 feMT «TRT ^TTfp. : 60
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C-JVZ-O-JOCCI46 3 [ P.T.O.
-tfm 3 ^ snrn 11 -ar^ w 3 3 m rt ^ 3 j^facm
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C-JVZ-O-JOCC! 46 4
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5. Rnfdfed T j m \ ^T f ^ f 3 SP^K : 20
Language and communication are something that children learn by talking to one 
another. But schools consider this an act of indiscipline. Instead, we have a special 
grammar class to learn language! One educationist remarked, “It is nice that 
children spend just a few hours at school. If they spend all 24 hours in schools, they 
will turn out to be dumb!” In most schools, teachers talk, children listen. The same 
is true for other skills also. Children learn a great deal without being taught, by 
tinkering and pottering on their own.
Changes in the school system, if they are to be of lasting significance, must spring 
from the actions of teachers in their classrooms, teachers who are able to help 
children collectively. New programmes, new materials and even basic changes in 
organizational structure will not necessarily bring about healthy growth. A dynamic 
and vital atmosphere can develop when teachers are given the freedom and support 
to innovate. One must depend ultimately upon the initiative and respectfulness of 
such teachers and this cannot be promoted by prescribing continuously and in 
detail what is to be done.
In education, we can cry too much about money. Sure, we could use more, but 
some of the best classrooms and schools I have seen or heard of, spend far less per 
pupil than the average in our schools today. We often don’t spend well what money
C-JIVZ- O-JOCC! 46 5 [ P.T.O.