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Understanding Secularism Summary Class 8 NCERT Summary Chapter 2

What is Secularism?

  • Secularism refers to this separation of religion from the State.

Why is it Important to Separate Religion from the State?

  • The separation of religion from State power is important for a country to function democratically.
  • Almost all countries of the world will have more than one religious group living in them.
    • If majority religious group has access to State power, then they misuse their power to other religions.
  • Also, we need to protect the freedom of individuals to preach the religion of their choice.

What is Indian Secularism?

  • According to the Constitution, a secular state must ensure:
    • that one religious community does not dominate another
    • that some members do not dominate other members of the same religious community
    • that the State does not enforce any particular religion nor take away the religious freedom of individuals.
  • The Indian State is not ruled by a religious group and nor does it support any one religion.
  • In India, government spaces like law courts, police stations, government schools and offices are not supposed to display or promote any one religion.
  • In order to respect the sentiments of all religions and not interfere with religious practices, the State makes certain exceptions for particular religious communities. For example: a sikh while riding bike can wear pugri (turban) instead of helmet.
  • Indian secularism prevents the domination of majority over minority is through a strategy of intervention. For example: Untouchability was religion-based exclusion and discrimination of ‘lower castes’ in Hindu so the Indian Constitution bans untouchability.

How Indian secularism different from that of other democratic countries?

  • The strict separation between religion and the State in American secularism, while in Indian secularism the State can intervene in religious affairs.
  • The Indian Constitution guarantees Fundamental Rights that are based on these secular principles.
The document Understanding Secularism Summary Class 8 NCERT Summary Chapter 2 is a part of the Class 8 Course Social Studies (SST) Class 8.
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FAQs on Understanding Secularism Summary Class 8 NCERT Summary Chapter 2

1. What is secularism?
Ans. Secularism refers to the principle of separating the state from religious institutions. It promotes equality and freedom of religion, ensuring that the government remains impartial and does not favor any particular religious group.
2. How does secularism protect religious minorities?
Ans. Secularism ensures the protection of religious minorities by guaranteeing their right to practice and profess their own faith without any discrimination. It prevents the dominance of any specific religion and promotes a society where individuals of all religious backgrounds can coexist peacefully.
3. What are the key features of a secular state?
Ans. A secular state is characterized by the following key features: - Separation of religion and state: The government and religious institutions operate independently of each other. - Equality and freedom of religion: Every individual has the right to choose, practice, and change their religion without any interference. - Non-discrimination: No individual or group should be favored or discriminated against based on their religious beliefs. - Neutrality: The state remains neutral and does not endorse or promote any particular religion.
4. Does secularism oppose religion?
Ans. No, secularism does not oppose religion. It simply advocates for the separation of religion and state, ensuring that the government is impartial and treats all religious groups equally. Secularism respects the freedom of individuals to follow their own religious beliefs while promoting a society that is inclusive and tolerant of diverse faiths.
5. How does secularism contribute to a democratic society?
Ans. Secularism plays a crucial role in maintaining a democratic society by ensuring religious freedom, equality, and the protection of individual rights. It prevents the dominance of any particular religious group and promotes a level playing field for all citizens, regardless of their religious beliefs. This fosters an environment of inclusivity, diversity, and respect for different faiths, which are essential foundations for a thriving democracy.
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