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Capacitors & Capacitance Video Lecture | Physics Class 12 - NEET

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FAQs on Capacitors & Capacitance Video Lecture - Physics Class 12 - NEET

1. What is capacitance and how does it relate to capacitors?
Ans. Capacitance is the ability of a capacitor to store electric charge. It is defined as the ratio of the electric charge stored on one plate of the capacitor to the potential difference between the plates. Capacitance is directly proportional to the surface area of the plates and inversely proportional to the distance between them. In simple terms, capacitance determines how much charge a capacitor can store for a given voltage.
2. What are the different types of capacitors available?
Ans. There are several types of capacitors available, each with its own characteristics and applications. Some common types include electrolytic capacitors (which are polarized and commonly used in power supply circuits), ceramic capacitors (which are small and used in high-frequency applications), tantalum capacitors (which have high capacitance values and are used in portable electronic devices), and film capacitors (which have stable capacitance and are used in audio applications).
3. How does capacitance affect the charging and discharging of a capacitor?
Ans. Capacitance plays a crucial role in the charging and discharging process of a capacitor. During charging, the capacitor accumulates charge until the potential difference across its plates reaches the applied voltage. The rate at which the capacitor charges is determined by its capacitance - a higher capacitance value means it takes longer to charge. Similarly, during discharging, the stored charge in the capacitor gradually reduces until it reaches zero. Again, the capacitance value determines the rate of discharging.
4. What factors affect the capacitance of a capacitor?
Ans. The capacitance of a capacitor is influenced by two main factors: the surface area of the plates and the distance between them. Increasing the surface area of the plates increases the capacitance, as there is more area available for charge accumulation. On the other hand, increasing the distance between the plates decreases the capacitance, as it reduces the electric field strength. The dielectric material between the plates also affects capacitance, as different materials have different permittivity values.
5. How can I calculate the capacitance of a capacitor?
Ans. The capacitance of a capacitor can be calculated using the formula C = Q/V, where C is the capacitance, Q is the charge stored on one plate, and V is the potential difference between the plates. In practical scenarios, the capacitance is usually given by the manufacturer and specified on the capacitor itself. However, if the capacitance is not provided, it can be determined by measuring the charge stored on one plate and the potential difference across the plates.
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