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Why Genetic Engineering? Video Lecture | Biology Class 12 - NEET

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1. What is genetic engineering?
Genetic engineering is a field of biotechnology that involves modifying the DNA of an organism by introducing specific genes or altering existing genes. This can be done to enhance desired traits, improve crop yields, develop new medicines, or address genetic disorders.
2. How does genetic engineering work?
Genetic engineering typically involves several steps. First, the gene of interest is identified and isolated from a donor organism. Then, it is inserted into the target organism's genome using specialized techniques like gene splicing or CRISPR-Cas9. The modified organism will then express the new gene and potentially exhibit the desired trait or characteristic.
3. What are the potential benefits of genetic engineering?
Genetic engineering offers a range of potential benefits. It can lead to the development of crops with increased resistance to pests, diseases, or environmental conditions, improving food security. It also has the potential to produce pharmaceuticals and vaccines more efficiently, leading to advancements in healthcare. Genetic engineering can also help in the conservation of endangered species and the restoration of ecosystems.
4. What are the ethical concerns surrounding genetic engineering?
Genetic engineering raises ethical concerns related to safety, unintended consequences, and the potential for misuse. There are concerns about the long-term effects of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) on the environment and human health. Additionally, the potential for creating designer babies or genetically modifying humans raises questions about the limits of science and the potential for discrimination.
5. What are the challenges in implementing genetic engineering?
Implementing genetic engineering faces several challenges. One major challenge is the public perception and acceptance of GMOs, as there is often skepticism and fear surrounding their use. Regulatory frameworks and policies must be in place to ensure the safe and responsible use of genetic engineering. Additionally, there is a need for continued research to understand the potential risks and benefits associated with genetic engineering.
86 videos|294 docs|184 tests
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