Women and Indian Society | Psychology for UPSC Optional (Notes) PDF Download

Introduction

The status of women in Indian society has long been a subject of debate, raising questions about their position and role. While women have made significant contributions throughout history, achieving power, respect, and independence, they still face numerous challenges and limitations. In this article, we delve into the psychological aspects that shed light on the current status of women in Indian society. We examine the daily struggles faced by Indian women, the underlying reasons for the severity of traumas inflicted by families and society, and propose ways in which families and therapists can collaborate to improve the situation.

Psychological Dilemma of Women in Today’s Society

• Indian history showcases the remarkable achievements of women who defied odds to rise in power and earn respect from society. From the valiant Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi to the female freedom fighters who fought tirelessly for India's independence, women's contributions are unparalleled. However, despite these accomplishments, women still do not enjoy equal status compared to their male counterparts.
• Presently, Indian women epitomize strength, determination, success, power, and independence. Nevertheless, they often face backlash and negative criticism when expressing their opinions or exercising their free will. To understand this, we must acknowledge the physiological and psychological differences between men and women. Male and female brains possess dissimilar hormone compositions, resulting in variations in cognitive processes and emotional responses.

Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Differences

• The hormone composition of the female brain includes progesterone and estrogen, while the male brain is predominantly filled with testosterone. Estrogen plays a vital role in making women sociable and empathetic, allowing them to perceive and connect with others' emotions. The unique neurodevelopment and cognitive differences between men and women lead to contrasting reactions in various situations, highlighting their differently-abled cognitive processes.
• Numerous studies have explored stress and disaster responses, demonstrating how men and women exhibit different reactions. These gender differences, influenced by genetic makeup and hormonal development in the fetal brain, are further magnified within the rich Indian cultural context.

The Influence of Indian Culture

• In Indian society, women are raised with the expectation of fulfilling diverse caregiving roles throughout their lives. From being sisters to mothers, aunts, or grandmothers, Indian women are bestowed with extensive duties. This starkly differs from Western societies where such expectations are not as prevalent.
• From an early age, Indian women are instilled with moral values and principles, often emphasizing their reliance on men for survival. Consequently, they are compelled to conform to societal expectations and suppress their true selves. However, over time, women have become more independent, surpassing the goals set for them and accomplishing much more with the support they receive.

The Depiction of Indian Women in Society

• In Indian society, a woman's identity is closely associated with her marriage. She is judged by her ability to cater to her family's needs and is defined by her familial role. This relentless devotion often leads to self-neglect, even when her family fails to reciprocate the same level of effort. As a result, the accumulated stress from domestic responsibilities can manifest in somatization, also known as conversion disorder.
• Although the status of Indian women has been gradually improving, there are still segments of society where they face significant challenges. The pressure exerted by their families often diminishes the pride they feel in their achievements. Understanding the psychology of Indian women helps shed light on why they succumb to such pressures.

Conclusion

Mental health professionals play a crucial role in helping women realize their true potential. It is imperative for women to understand that their identity extends beyond marriage and familial duties. Their personal growth and development are essential aspects of their being. Indian society must learn to respect women as individuals, valuing them for their inherent worth. A society with content, confident, and proud women will undoubtedly be a happier and more fulfilling one.