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World War I Video Lecture | UPSC Mains: World History

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1. What were the main causes of World War I?
Ans. World War I was primarily caused by a combination of factors including militarism, alliances, imperialism, and the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. The arms race and intense nationalism between European powers, along with the complex system of alliances, created a tense environment that eventually led to the outbreak of war.
2. How did the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand contribute to the start of World War I?
Ans. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, Bosnia, by a Serbian nationalist named Gavrilo Princip, was the immediate trigger for the start of World War I. This event led Austria-Hungary to issue an ultimatum to Serbia, which escalated tensions between the two countries and eventually led to a series of declarations of war among different nations.
3. What were the major battles and campaigns during World War I?
Ans. World War I witnessed several major battles and campaigns that had significant impacts on the outcome of the war. Some of the notable battles include the Battle of the Somme, Battle of Verdun, Battle of Tannenberg, and Battle of Gallipoli. These battles were fought on various fronts and resulted in heavy casualties and territorial gains or losses for the participating nations.
4. How did World War I impact the economy and society of participating countries?
Ans. World War I had a profound impact on the economy and society of the countries involved. The war led to unprecedented levels of destruction, loss of life, and economic disruption. Many industries were mobilized for war production, and governments imposed various measures such as rationing and propaganda campaigns. The war also brought about social changes, including the increased participation of women in the workforce and the rise of nationalist sentiments.
5. What were the consequences and legacy of World War I?
Ans. The consequences of World War I were far-reaching and had a lasting impact on the world. The war resulted in the collapse of empires, redrawing of national borders, and the emergence of new nations. The Treaty of Versailles, which formally ended the war, imposed harsh reparations on Germany and contributed to the rise of resentment and instability that ultimately led to World War II. The war also led to advancements in technology, particularly in warfare, and reshaped international relations and alliances.
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