Yojana Magazine February 2024 - 1 | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

 Page 1


ArtificiAl intelligence
Generative ai Cyber SeCurity
induStry GovernanCe PubliC ServiCeS Media
February 2024 a development monthly 
Page 2


ArtificiAl intelligence
Generative ai Cyber SeCurity
induStry GovernanCe PubliC ServiCeS Media
February 2024 a development monthly 
February 2024
YOJANA
Volume-68
No. 02
A DEVELOPMENT MONTHLY Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides.
Rig Veda
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
In ThIs Issue
number of pages: 64
Details of the Sales Outlets of the Publications Division on Page 48
YOJANA is published in Assamese, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Odia, 
Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
Since 1957
Chief editor 
Manogyan rani pal
editor 
Shuchita chaturvedi
our representatives 
Ahmedabad: JS Patel, Bengaluru: Shahid T Komath, 
Bhubaneswar: Manoj Kumar Jali, Chennai: Sanjay 
Ghosh, Guwahati: Maruf Alam, Hyderabad: 
Krishna Vandana P , Jalandhar: Gagandeep Kaur 
Devgan, Kolkata: Sumita Chakraborty, Mumbai: 
Sangeeta Godbole, Thiruvananthapuram: Sudha S 
Namboothiry.
Joint Director, ProDuction 
D K C hruDhaIna Th c over Design
hruTIK harIshChanDra TIDKe*
Yojana (English): Room No. 647, Soochna Bhawan, 
CGO Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003.  
E-mail (Editorial): sec-yojanaeng-moib@gov.in
YOJANA, a development monthly published since 
1957, is a theme-based journal providing in-depth 
analyses and views on socio-economic issues in 
the broader framework of government policies. 
Although published by the Ministry of Information 
and Broadcasting, YOJANA is not restricted to 
expressing the official point of view.
DIsCLaIMer
l 	 The 	 vie ws 	 e xpre sse d 	 in 	 various 	 articles 	 are	
those 	 of 	 the 	 authors 	 and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 ne c essarily	
re flect 	 the 	 vie ws 	 of 	 the 	 Go vernme n t 	 or 	 the	
organisation/ s 	 the y 	 work 	 f or .
l Map s/flags 	 use d 	 in 	 the 	 article s 	 are 	 only 	 indic ative 	
and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 re flect 	 the 	 politic al 	 map 	 or 	 le gal	
re presen t ation 	 of 	 the 	 flag 	 of 	 India/an y 	 othe r	
c oun try .
l The 	 inf ographics/figure s 	 are 	 pro vide d 	 b y 	 the	
authors 	 through 	 the ir 	 re liable 	 sourc e s 	 and	
YOJANA 	 claims 	 no 	 re sponsibility 	 f or 	 the 	 same.
l Image s, 	 graphics 	 and 	 illus trations, 	 whe re ve r	
use d, 	 are 	 mos tly 	 sourc ed 	 from 	 go vernme n t	
channels 	 and 	 are 	 indic ative 	 in 	 nature .
l YOJANA 	does 	not 	o wn 	re sponsibility 	re garding	
the 	 c on t e n ts 	 of 	 the 	 adve rtise men ts. 	 The 	 re aders	
are 	 re que s t e d 	 t o 	 ve rify 	 the 	 claims 	 made 	 in 	 the	
adve rtise men ts 	 re garding 	 c ourse s, 	 c are e r -
guidanc e 	 book s 	 or 	 ins titutions.
l YOJANA doesn't 	 e ndorse 	 or 	 promot e 	 an y 	 brands	
or 	 privat e 	 e n titie s 	 prese n t ed 	 as 	 c ase 	 s tudie s 	 in 	 an y	 
of 	 the 	 article s.
suBsCrIPTIOn/GrIeV anCes
Email: pdjucir@gmail.com 
Phone: 011-24367453  
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 am- 6:00 pm)
Postal Address: Abhishek Chaturvedi, Editor, 
Journals Unit, Publications Division, Room No. 
779, Soochna Bhawan, CGO Complex, Lodhi 
Road, New Delhi-110 003.
Please	 not e	 that	 it	 will	 t ak e	 atleas t	 eigh t	
week s	 t o	 s t art	 your	 sub scrip tion.	 Kindly	 raise	 
your	 queries/grie vanc es	 about	 non	 rec eip t	 of	 the	
journals	only	aft er	this	period.
SUBSCRIPTION-RELATED DETAILS : Page 61
india’S viSion for harneSSing 
ai for global good  
Rajeev Chandrasekhar 
ai in indian governance 
and public ServiceS 
Abhishek Singh
india’S tech ServiceS induStry 
harneSSing generative ai 
Debjani Ghosh 
unlocking the potential and 
challengeS of generative ai 
Dr Bineet Kaur Maunder
uSe caSeS of generative 
artificial intelligence  
in governance 
Prof Yogesh K Dwivedi 
Prof Arpan Kumar Kar
6
10
16
21
25
34
39
44
51
57
next iSSue 
art & culture artificial intelligence  
and future of Media 
K Sreenivasarao
tranSforMative role of  
ai in Media 
Prof (Dr) Sangeeta Pranvendra
role and Scope of  
artificial intelligence  
for citizen ServiceS 
Dr Vishal Singh 
Dr Dinesh Prajapati artificial intelligence and 
the eaSe of life for viSually 
challenged 
Dr Jithendran S
cyber Security challengeS  
in the era of ai 
Vamshi Krishna Palakurthi
*	 The	 artis t	 is	 a	 s tuden t	 of	 Digit al	 Media	 at	 IIMC ,	 Ne w	 Delhi.	
The	c o ver	image	is	AI-generat ed.
Page 3


ArtificiAl intelligence
Generative ai Cyber SeCurity
induStry GovernanCe PubliC ServiCeS Media
February 2024 a development monthly 
February 2024
YOJANA
Volume-68
No. 02
A DEVELOPMENT MONTHLY Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides.
Rig Veda
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
In ThIs Issue
number of pages: 64
Details of the Sales Outlets of the Publications Division on Page 48
YOJANA is published in Assamese, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Odia, 
Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
Since 1957
Chief editor 
Manogyan rani pal
editor 
Shuchita chaturvedi
our representatives 
Ahmedabad: JS Patel, Bengaluru: Shahid T Komath, 
Bhubaneswar: Manoj Kumar Jali, Chennai: Sanjay 
Ghosh, Guwahati: Maruf Alam, Hyderabad: 
Krishna Vandana P , Jalandhar: Gagandeep Kaur 
Devgan, Kolkata: Sumita Chakraborty, Mumbai: 
Sangeeta Godbole, Thiruvananthapuram: Sudha S 
Namboothiry.
Joint Director, ProDuction 
D K C hruDhaIna Th c over Design
hruTIK harIshChanDra TIDKe*
Yojana (English): Room No. 647, Soochna Bhawan, 
CGO Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003.  
E-mail (Editorial): sec-yojanaeng-moib@gov.in
YOJANA, a development monthly published since 
1957, is a theme-based journal providing in-depth 
analyses and views on socio-economic issues in 
the broader framework of government policies. 
Although published by the Ministry of Information 
and Broadcasting, YOJANA is not restricted to 
expressing the official point of view.
DIsCLaIMer
l 	 The 	 vie ws 	 e xpre sse d 	 in 	 various 	 articles 	 are	
those 	 of 	 the 	 authors 	 and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 ne c essarily	
re flect 	 the 	 vie ws 	 of 	 the 	 Go vernme n t 	 or 	 the	
organisation/ s 	 the y 	 work 	 f or .
l Map s/flags 	 use d 	 in 	 the 	 article s 	 are 	 only 	 indic ative 	
and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 re flect 	 the 	 politic al 	 map 	 or 	 le gal	
re presen t ation 	 of 	 the 	 flag 	 of 	 India/an y 	 othe r	
c oun try .
l The 	 inf ographics/figure s 	 are 	 pro vide d 	 b y 	 the	
authors 	 through 	 the ir 	 re liable 	 sourc e s 	 and	
YOJANA 	 claims 	 no 	 re sponsibility 	 f or 	 the 	 same.
l Image s, 	 graphics 	 and 	 illus trations, 	 whe re ve r	
use d, 	 are 	 mos tly 	 sourc ed 	 from 	 go vernme n t	
channels 	 and 	 are 	 indic ative 	 in 	 nature .
l YOJANA 	does 	not 	o wn 	re sponsibility 	re garding	
the 	 c on t e n ts 	 of 	 the 	 adve rtise men ts. 	 The 	 re aders	
are 	 re que s t e d 	 t o 	 ve rify 	 the 	 claims 	 made 	 in 	 the	
adve rtise men ts 	 re garding 	 c ourse s, 	 c are e r -
guidanc e 	 book s 	 or 	 ins titutions.
l YOJANA doesn't 	 e ndorse 	 or 	 promot e 	 an y 	 brands	
or 	 privat e 	 e n titie s 	 prese n t ed 	 as 	 c ase 	 s tudie s 	 in 	 an y	 
of 	 the 	 article s.
suBsCrIPTIOn/GrIeV anCes
Email: pdjucir@gmail.com 
Phone: 011-24367453  
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 am- 6:00 pm)
Postal Address: Abhishek Chaturvedi, Editor, 
Journals Unit, Publications Division, Room No. 
779, Soochna Bhawan, CGO Complex, Lodhi 
Road, New Delhi-110 003.
Please	 not e	 that	 it	 will	 t ak e	 atleas t	 eigh t	
week s	 t o	 s t art	 your	 sub scrip tion.	 Kindly	 raise	 
your	 queries/grie vanc es	 about	 non	 rec eip t	 of	 the	
journals	only	aft er	this	period.
SUBSCRIPTION-RELATED DETAILS : Page 61
india’S viSion for harneSSing 
ai for global good  
Rajeev Chandrasekhar 
ai in indian governance 
and public ServiceS 
Abhishek Singh
india’S tech ServiceS induStry 
harneSSing generative ai 
Debjani Ghosh 
unlocking the potential and 
challengeS of generative ai 
Dr Bineet Kaur Maunder
uSe caSeS of generative 
artificial intelligence  
in governance 
Prof Yogesh K Dwivedi 
Prof Arpan Kumar Kar
6
10
16
21
25
34
39
44
51
57
next iSSue 
art & culture artificial intelligence  
and future of Media 
K Sreenivasarao
tranSforMative role of  
ai in Media 
Prof (Dr) Sangeeta Pranvendra
role and Scope of  
artificial intelligence  
for citizen ServiceS 
Dr Vishal Singh 
Dr Dinesh Prajapati artificial intelligence and 
the eaSe of life for viSually 
challenged 
Dr Jithendran S
cyber Security challengeS  
in the era of ai 
Vamshi Krishna Palakurthi
*	 The	 artis t	 is	 a	 s tuden t	 of	 Digit al	 Media	 at	 IIMC ,	 Ne w	 Delhi.	
The	c o ver	image	is	AI-generat ed.
5 February 2024
The AI Landscape
Editorial
YOJANA
t
he economic landscape is poised for a profound shift with the 
increasing integration of Ai. r ecognised as a powerful force for 
transformation, Ai is becoming a global driver of change across 
businesses, societies, and governments. this technology’s adoption 
is escalating, promising improvements in productivity and efficiency. 
For india, standing as the fifth-largest global economy, navigating the 
challenges, and harnessing the potential of Ai is crucial for sustained 
growth and societal betterment.
estimates project that Ai could contribute significantly to the 
indian economy by 2035, potentially adding substantial value to the 
country’s ambitious gDP target. t he international Monetary Fund has 
said in a recent report that Artificial i ntelligence (Ai) might impact  
40 per cent of jobs globally. While having a limited impact on 
emerging economies, it promises to boost human productivity in 
certain domains. t he applications of Ai span diverse sectors, including healthcare, education, agriculture, 
smart cities, and infrastructure. the government’s proactive stance in applying Ai technologies in 
essential areas showcases a commitment to leveraging innovation for public service enhancements.
the government of india, cognizant of Ai’s transformative potential, lays the groundwork for an 
economically robust future. initiatives such as the national Programme for Ai and the ‘inDiAai’ portal not 
only underscore commitment but envision india as a global Ai leader.
Measures to foster Ai growth include the provision of cloud-based platforms for Ai services, the 
establishment of national Ai portals, and initiatives to reskill and upskill the workforce for an Ai-centric 
future. india’s active participation in international collaborations, such as the global Partnership on Artificial 
intelligence, reflects a global commitment to navigating the complexities surrounding Ai.
t he integration of Ai is manifesting in various sectors, from transportation to road safety and agriculture. 
Ai-enabled systems are being employed in trains for efficient ticket allocation, while traffic management 
systems leverage Ai for enhanced security and rule enforcement. Predictive Ai in road safety is emerging as a 
vital tool for identifying potential risks and alerting drivers promptly, contributing to overall safety measures.
in the linguistic domain, the Ai-led language translation platform, Digital india BHAsHini, represents a 
significant stride towards citizen engagement, fostering a multilingual digital ecosystem. t his aligns with 
broader goals of facilitating easy access to digital services in indian languages.
the responsible adoption of Ai is an important area to look into, with a thrust on transparency, 
accountability, and ethical considerations with deepfake and other such unethical usage of Ai are creating 
concern, initiatives like r esponsible Ai for s ocial empowerment (r Aise) underscore a commitment to ensuring 
that Ai technologies are deployed with societal welfare in mind. t his balanced approach is not just a national 
endeavour but positions india as a contributor to the global discourse on responsible Ai development.
t his edition of Yojana seeks to encapsulate the dynamic landscape of Ai adoption in india, exploring 
its potential benefits, challenges, and the imperative to foster a balanced and inclusive digital future, with 
important contributions from subject-experts across an array of topics.                                                                   ?
Page 4


ArtificiAl intelligence
Generative ai Cyber SeCurity
induStry GovernanCe PubliC ServiCeS Media
February 2024 a development monthly 
February 2024
YOJANA
Volume-68
No. 02
A DEVELOPMENT MONTHLY Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides.
Rig Veda
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
In ThIs Issue
number of pages: 64
Details of the Sales Outlets of the Publications Division on Page 48
YOJANA is published in Assamese, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Odia, 
Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
Since 1957
Chief editor 
Manogyan rani pal
editor 
Shuchita chaturvedi
our representatives 
Ahmedabad: JS Patel, Bengaluru: Shahid T Komath, 
Bhubaneswar: Manoj Kumar Jali, Chennai: Sanjay 
Ghosh, Guwahati: Maruf Alam, Hyderabad: 
Krishna Vandana P , Jalandhar: Gagandeep Kaur 
Devgan, Kolkata: Sumita Chakraborty, Mumbai: 
Sangeeta Godbole, Thiruvananthapuram: Sudha S 
Namboothiry.
Joint Director, ProDuction 
D K C hruDhaIna Th c over Design
hruTIK harIshChanDra TIDKe*
Yojana (English): Room No. 647, Soochna Bhawan, 
CGO Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003.  
E-mail (Editorial): sec-yojanaeng-moib@gov.in
YOJANA, a development monthly published since 
1957, is a theme-based journal providing in-depth 
analyses and views on socio-economic issues in 
the broader framework of government policies. 
Although published by the Ministry of Information 
and Broadcasting, YOJANA is not restricted to 
expressing the official point of view.
DIsCLaIMer
l 	 The 	 vie ws 	 e xpre sse d 	 in 	 various 	 articles 	 are	
those 	 of 	 the 	 authors 	 and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 ne c essarily	
re flect 	 the 	 vie ws 	 of 	 the 	 Go vernme n t 	 or 	 the	
organisation/ s 	 the y 	 work 	 f or .
l Map s/flags 	 use d 	 in 	 the 	 article s 	 are 	 only 	 indic ative 	
and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 re flect 	 the 	 politic al 	 map 	 or 	 le gal	
re presen t ation 	 of 	 the 	 flag 	 of 	 India/an y 	 othe r	
c oun try .
l The 	 inf ographics/figure s 	 are 	 pro vide d 	 b y 	 the	
authors 	 through 	 the ir 	 re liable 	 sourc e s 	 and	
YOJANA 	 claims 	 no 	 re sponsibility 	 f or 	 the 	 same.
l Image s, 	 graphics 	 and 	 illus trations, 	 whe re ve r	
use d, 	 are 	 mos tly 	 sourc ed 	 from 	 go vernme n t	
channels 	 and 	 are 	 indic ative 	 in 	 nature .
l YOJANA 	does 	not 	o wn 	re sponsibility 	re garding	
the 	 c on t e n ts 	 of 	 the 	 adve rtise men ts. 	 The 	 re aders	
are 	 re que s t e d 	 t o 	 ve rify 	 the 	 claims 	 made 	 in 	 the	
adve rtise men ts 	 re garding 	 c ourse s, 	 c are e r -
guidanc e 	 book s 	 or 	 ins titutions.
l YOJANA doesn't 	 e ndorse 	 or 	 promot e 	 an y 	 brands	
or 	 privat e 	 e n titie s 	 prese n t ed 	 as 	 c ase 	 s tudie s 	 in 	 an y	 
of 	 the 	 article s.
suBsCrIPTIOn/GrIeV anCes
Email: pdjucir@gmail.com 
Phone: 011-24367453  
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 am- 6:00 pm)
Postal Address: Abhishek Chaturvedi, Editor, 
Journals Unit, Publications Division, Room No. 
779, Soochna Bhawan, CGO Complex, Lodhi 
Road, New Delhi-110 003.
Please	 not e	 that	 it	 will	 t ak e	 atleas t	 eigh t	
week s	 t o	 s t art	 your	 sub scrip tion.	 Kindly	 raise	 
your	 queries/grie vanc es	 about	 non	 rec eip t	 of	 the	
journals	only	aft er	this	period.
SUBSCRIPTION-RELATED DETAILS : Page 61
india’S viSion for harneSSing 
ai for global good  
Rajeev Chandrasekhar 
ai in indian governance 
and public ServiceS 
Abhishek Singh
india’S tech ServiceS induStry 
harneSSing generative ai 
Debjani Ghosh 
unlocking the potential and 
challengeS of generative ai 
Dr Bineet Kaur Maunder
uSe caSeS of generative 
artificial intelligence  
in governance 
Prof Yogesh K Dwivedi 
Prof Arpan Kumar Kar
6
10
16
21
25
34
39
44
51
57
next iSSue 
art & culture artificial intelligence  
and future of Media 
K Sreenivasarao
tranSforMative role of  
ai in Media 
Prof (Dr) Sangeeta Pranvendra
role and Scope of  
artificial intelligence  
for citizen ServiceS 
Dr Vishal Singh 
Dr Dinesh Prajapati artificial intelligence and 
the eaSe of life for viSually 
challenged 
Dr Jithendran S
cyber Security challengeS  
in the era of ai 
Vamshi Krishna Palakurthi
*	 The	 artis t	 is	 a	 s tuden t	 of	 Digit al	 Media	 at	 IIMC ,	 Ne w	 Delhi.	
The	c o ver	image	is	AI-generat ed.
5 February 2024
The AI Landscape
Editorial
YOJANA
t
he economic landscape is poised for a profound shift with the 
increasing integration of Ai. r ecognised as a powerful force for 
transformation, Ai is becoming a global driver of change across 
businesses, societies, and governments. this technology’s adoption 
is escalating, promising improvements in productivity and efficiency. 
For india, standing as the fifth-largest global economy, navigating the 
challenges, and harnessing the potential of Ai is crucial for sustained 
growth and societal betterment.
estimates project that Ai could contribute significantly to the 
indian economy by 2035, potentially adding substantial value to the 
country’s ambitious gDP target. t he international Monetary Fund has 
said in a recent report that Artificial i ntelligence (Ai) might impact  
40 per cent of jobs globally. While having a limited impact on 
emerging economies, it promises to boost human productivity in 
certain domains. t he applications of Ai span diverse sectors, including healthcare, education, agriculture, 
smart cities, and infrastructure. the government’s proactive stance in applying Ai technologies in 
essential areas showcases a commitment to leveraging innovation for public service enhancements.
the government of india, cognizant of Ai’s transformative potential, lays the groundwork for an 
economically robust future. initiatives such as the national Programme for Ai and the ‘inDiAai’ portal not 
only underscore commitment but envision india as a global Ai leader.
Measures to foster Ai growth include the provision of cloud-based platforms for Ai services, the 
establishment of national Ai portals, and initiatives to reskill and upskill the workforce for an Ai-centric 
future. india’s active participation in international collaborations, such as the global Partnership on Artificial 
intelligence, reflects a global commitment to navigating the complexities surrounding Ai.
t he integration of Ai is manifesting in various sectors, from transportation to road safety and agriculture. 
Ai-enabled systems are being employed in trains for efficient ticket allocation, while traffic management 
systems leverage Ai for enhanced security and rule enforcement. Predictive Ai in road safety is emerging as a 
vital tool for identifying potential risks and alerting drivers promptly, contributing to overall safety measures.
in the linguistic domain, the Ai-led language translation platform, Digital india BHAsHini, represents a 
significant stride towards citizen engagement, fostering a multilingual digital ecosystem. t his aligns with 
broader goals of facilitating easy access to digital services in indian languages.
the responsible adoption of Ai is an important area to look into, with a thrust on transparency, 
accountability, and ethical considerations with deepfake and other such unethical usage of Ai are creating 
concern, initiatives like r esponsible Ai for s ocial empowerment (r Aise) underscore a commitment to ensuring 
that Ai technologies are deployed with societal welfare in mind. t his balanced approach is not just a national 
endeavour but positions india as a contributor to the global discourse on responsible Ai development.
t his edition of Yojana seeks to encapsulate the dynamic landscape of Ai adoption in india, exploring 
its potential benefits, challenges, and the imperative to foster a balanced and inclusive digital future, with 
important contributions from subject-experts across an array of topics.                                                                   ?
6 February 2024
he discourse surrounding Artificial 
intelligence (Ai) has evolved from a 
theoretical concept to a tangible, life-
transforming phenomenon. over the 
past year, we’ve witnessed a rapid evolution in Ai, 
now entering a new orbit featuring generative-Ai, 
the availability of expansive language models, 
At the forefront of the transformative journey of Digital India is the 
pivotal role played by AI, a force that the Government is actively shaping 
through the comprehensive mission named ‘IndiaAI.’ IndiaAI’s vision 
not only consists of support for the AI startup ecosystem but also the 
development of practical applications addressing real-world challenges 
in healthcare, agriculture, language translation, governance, and beyond. 
India’s approach entails setting principles and an exhaustive list of 
harms and criminalities associated with AI. Instead of regulating AI at 
specific developmental stages, India is advocating for clear guidelines for 
platforms, addressing issues like bias and misuse during model training. 
and multi-billion-parameter models poised to 
significantly impact people across various spheres. 
i believe that Ai stands as the greatest invention 
of our era; it will continue to be a kinetic enabler 
for our already galloping digital economy, with the 
potential to be more disruptive than the advent of 
the internet.
T
IndIA’s VIsIon for HArnessIng 
AI for gL obAL good
rajeev chandraSekhar 
the author is Union Minister of State for Skill development and entrepreneurship, electronics and information technology, 
and Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of india. email: mos-eit@gov.in
Page 5


ArtificiAl intelligence
Generative ai Cyber SeCurity
induStry GovernanCe PubliC ServiCeS Media
February 2024 a development monthly 
February 2024
YOJANA
Volume-68
No. 02
A DEVELOPMENT MONTHLY Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides.
Rig Veda
www.publicationsdivision.nic.in @DPD_India I @YojanaJournal @publicationsdivision @dpd_india
In ThIs Issue
number of pages: 64
Details of the Sales Outlets of the Publications Division on Page 48
YOJANA is published in Assamese, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Odia, 
Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
Since 1957
Chief editor 
Manogyan rani pal
editor 
Shuchita chaturvedi
our representatives 
Ahmedabad: JS Patel, Bengaluru: Shahid T Komath, 
Bhubaneswar: Manoj Kumar Jali, Chennai: Sanjay 
Ghosh, Guwahati: Maruf Alam, Hyderabad: 
Krishna Vandana P , Jalandhar: Gagandeep Kaur 
Devgan, Kolkata: Sumita Chakraborty, Mumbai: 
Sangeeta Godbole, Thiruvananthapuram: Sudha S 
Namboothiry.
Joint Director, ProDuction 
D K C hruDhaIna Th c over Design
hruTIK harIshChanDra TIDKe*
Yojana (English): Room No. 647, Soochna Bhawan, 
CGO Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003.  
E-mail (Editorial): sec-yojanaeng-moib@gov.in
YOJANA, a development monthly published since 
1957, is a theme-based journal providing in-depth 
analyses and views on socio-economic issues in 
the broader framework of government policies. 
Although published by the Ministry of Information 
and Broadcasting, YOJANA is not restricted to 
expressing the official point of view.
DIsCLaIMer
l 	 The 	 vie ws 	 e xpre sse d 	 in 	 various 	 articles 	 are	
those 	 of 	 the 	 authors 	 and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 ne c essarily	
re flect 	 the 	 vie ws 	 of 	 the 	 Go vernme n t 	 or 	 the	
organisation/ s 	 the y 	 work 	 f or .
l Map s/flags 	 use d 	 in 	 the 	 article s 	 are 	 only 	 indic ative 	
and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 re flect 	 the 	 politic al 	 map 	 or 	 le gal	
re presen t ation 	 of 	 the 	 flag 	 of 	 India/an y 	 othe r	
c oun try .
l The 	 inf ographics/figure s 	 are 	 pro vide d 	 b y 	 the	
authors 	 through 	 the ir 	 re liable 	 sourc e s 	 and	
YOJANA 	 claims 	 no 	 re sponsibility 	 f or 	 the 	 same.
l Image s, 	 graphics 	 and 	 illus trations, 	 whe re ve r	
use d, 	 are 	 mos tly 	 sourc ed 	 from 	 go vernme n t	
channels 	 and 	 are 	 indic ative 	 in 	 nature .
l YOJANA 	does 	not 	o wn 	re sponsibility 	re garding	
the 	 c on t e n ts 	 of 	 the 	 adve rtise men ts. 	 The 	 re aders	
are 	 re que s t e d 	 t o 	 ve rify 	 the 	 claims 	 made 	 in 	 the	
adve rtise men ts 	 re garding 	 c ourse s, 	 c are e r -
guidanc e 	 book s 	 or 	 ins titutions.
l YOJANA doesn't 	 e ndorse 	 or 	 promot e 	 an y 	 brands	
or 	 privat e 	 e n titie s 	 prese n t ed 	 as 	 c ase 	 s tudie s 	 in 	 an y	 
of 	 the 	 article s.
suBsCrIPTIOn/GrIeV anCes
Email: pdjucir@gmail.com 
Phone: 011-24367453  
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 am- 6:00 pm)
Postal Address: Abhishek Chaturvedi, Editor, 
Journals Unit, Publications Division, Room No. 
779, Soochna Bhawan, CGO Complex, Lodhi 
Road, New Delhi-110 003.
Please	 not e	 that	 it	 will	 t ak e	 atleas t	 eigh t	
week s	 t o	 s t art	 your	 sub scrip tion.	 Kindly	 raise	 
your	 queries/grie vanc es	 about	 non	 rec eip t	 of	 the	
journals	only	aft er	this	period.
SUBSCRIPTION-RELATED DETAILS : Page 61
india’S viSion for harneSSing 
ai for global good  
Rajeev Chandrasekhar 
ai in indian governance 
and public ServiceS 
Abhishek Singh
india’S tech ServiceS induStry 
harneSSing generative ai 
Debjani Ghosh 
unlocking the potential and 
challengeS of generative ai 
Dr Bineet Kaur Maunder
uSe caSeS of generative 
artificial intelligence  
in governance 
Prof Yogesh K Dwivedi 
Prof Arpan Kumar Kar
6
10
16
21
25
34
39
44
51
57
next iSSue 
art & culture artificial intelligence  
and future of Media 
K Sreenivasarao
tranSforMative role of  
ai in Media 
Prof (Dr) Sangeeta Pranvendra
role and Scope of  
artificial intelligence  
for citizen ServiceS 
Dr Vishal Singh 
Dr Dinesh Prajapati artificial intelligence and 
the eaSe of life for viSually 
challenged 
Dr Jithendran S
cyber Security challengeS  
in the era of ai 
Vamshi Krishna Palakurthi
*	 The	 artis t	 is	 a	 s tuden t	 of	 Digit al	 Media	 at	 IIMC ,	 Ne w	 Delhi.	
The	c o ver	image	is	AI-generat ed.
5 February 2024
The AI Landscape
Editorial
YOJANA
t
he economic landscape is poised for a profound shift with the 
increasing integration of Ai. r ecognised as a powerful force for 
transformation, Ai is becoming a global driver of change across 
businesses, societies, and governments. this technology’s adoption 
is escalating, promising improvements in productivity and efficiency. 
For india, standing as the fifth-largest global economy, navigating the 
challenges, and harnessing the potential of Ai is crucial for sustained 
growth and societal betterment.
estimates project that Ai could contribute significantly to the 
indian economy by 2035, potentially adding substantial value to the 
country’s ambitious gDP target. t he international Monetary Fund has 
said in a recent report that Artificial i ntelligence (Ai) might impact  
40 per cent of jobs globally. While having a limited impact on 
emerging economies, it promises to boost human productivity in 
certain domains. t he applications of Ai span diverse sectors, including healthcare, education, agriculture, 
smart cities, and infrastructure. the government’s proactive stance in applying Ai technologies in 
essential areas showcases a commitment to leveraging innovation for public service enhancements.
the government of india, cognizant of Ai’s transformative potential, lays the groundwork for an 
economically robust future. initiatives such as the national Programme for Ai and the ‘inDiAai’ portal not 
only underscore commitment but envision india as a global Ai leader.
Measures to foster Ai growth include the provision of cloud-based platforms for Ai services, the 
establishment of national Ai portals, and initiatives to reskill and upskill the workforce for an Ai-centric 
future. india’s active participation in international collaborations, such as the global Partnership on Artificial 
intelligence, reflects a global commitment to navigating the complexities surrounding Ai.
t he integration of Ai is manifesting in various sectors, from transportation to road safety and agriculture. 
Ai-enabled systems are being employed in trains for efficient ticket allocation, while traffic management 
systems leverage Ai for enhanced security and rule enforcement. Predictive Ai in road safety is emerging as a 
vital tool for identifying potential risks and alerting drivers promptly, contributing to overall safety measures.
in the linguistic domain, the Ai-led language translation platform, Digital india BHAsHini, represents a 
significant stride towards citizen engagement, fostering a multilingual digital ecosystem. t his aligns with 
broader goals of facilitating easy access to digital services in indian languages.
the responsible adoption of Ai is an important area to look into, with a thrust on transparency, 
accountability, and ethical considerations with deepfake and other such unethical usage of Ai are creating 
concern, initiatives like r esponsible Ai for s ocial empowerment (r Aise) underscore a commitment to ensuring 
that Ai technologies are deployed with societal welfare in mind. t his balanced approach is not just a national 
endeavour but positions india as a contributor to the global discourse on responsible Ai development.
t his edition of Yojana seeks to encapsulate the dynamic landscape of Ai adoption in india, exploring 
its potential benefits, challenges, and the imperative to foster a balanced and inclusive digital future, with 
important contributions from subject-experts across an array of topics.                                                                   ?
6 February 2024
he discourse surrounding Artificial 
intelligence (Ai) has evolved from a 
theoretical concept to a tangible, life-
transforming phenomenon. over the 
past year, we’ve witnessed a rapid evolution in Ai, 
now entering a new orbit featuring generative-Ai, 
the availability of expansive language models, 
At the forefront of the transformative journey of Digital India is the 
pivotal role played by AI, a force that the Government is actively shaping 
through the comprehensive mission named ‘IndiaAI.’ IndiaAI’s vision 
not only consists of support for the AI startup ecosystem but also the 
development of practical applications addressing real-world challenges 
in healthcare, agriculture, language translation, governance, and beyond. 
India’s approach entails setting principles and an exhaustive list of 
harms and criminalities associated with AI. Instead of regulating AI at 
specific developmental stages, India is advocating for clear guidelines for 
platforms, addressing issues like bias and misuse during model training. 
and multi-billion-parameter models poised to 
significantly impact people across various spheres. 
i believe that Ai stands as the greatest invention 
of our era; it will continue to be a kinetic enabler 
for our already galloping digital economy, with the 
potential to be more disruptive than the advent of 
the internet.
T
IndIA’s VIsIon for HArnessIng 
AI for gL obAL good
rajeev chandraSekhar 
the author is Union Minister of State for Skill development and entrepreneurship, electronics and information technology, 
and Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of india. email: mos-eit@gov.in
7 February 2024
For decades, Ai was a well-known challenge, 
marked by alternating cycles of optimism and 
despondency, with breakthroughs remaining 
elusive. the landscape shifted with the advent of 
gPu s, increased Ai compute power, the emergence 
of large language models from industry leaders like 
DeepMind and openAi, and significant investments 
by tech giants such as google, Meta, Microsoft, and 
tesla. 
We have officially entered the Ai age, 
characterised by rapid and exponential progress. 
However, amidst the excitement of Ai’s capability 
to ‘do more with less,’ there is a growing discourse 
on the potential risks and harms associated with Ai. 
t he current debate revolves around how to harness 
Ai’s power while mitigating its negative impacts—
ensuring Ai is both safe and trusted.
india’s approach, as articulated by our Hon’ble 
Prime Minister narendra Modi ji leading up to 
the global Partnership on Artificial i ntelligence 
(gPAi) summit 2023, is resolute. gPAi 2023, 
hosted by india, was a significant international 
event focusing on Ai. this summit, held from  
12-14
 
December 2023, in new Delhi, served as a 
multi-stakeholder initiative that brought together 
experts from 29 member countries with the aim 
to bridge the gap between Ai theory and practice 
by supporting advanced research and practical 
activities in Ai-related areas.
During gPAi, the Prime Minister Modi 
emphasised india’s commitment to leveraging Ai 
for the welfare of people, ensuring that nations in 
the global s outh are not left behind in benefiting 
from these advancements. He also underscored 
india’s resolve to establish a regulatory framework 
that ensures Ai is safe and trusted, fostering 
collaboration among nations for widespread and 
long-term implementation. the government of 
india is of the belief that rather than demonising Ai, 
the focus should be on harnessing its potential for 
good.
today, spearheaded by countries like india, 
discussions around Ai have shifted from abstract 
concepts to real-world applications with tangible 
impacts. r ecognising the ubiquitous and boundary-
agnostic nature of the internet and Ai, there is a call 
for a global governance framework addressing the 
safety and trust of Ai.
t he ‘india t echade’ v ision
our Prime Minister has woven the vision of 
‘india techade,’ where technology plays a key role 
as a catalyst in making india the fastest-growing 
innovation economy in the world. over the past 
decade, Digital india’s policies have not only 
created a vibrant digital economy and innovation 
ecosystem but have also given rise to an impressive 
landscape boasting over a lakh startups and 108+ 
unicorns. 
t he digital economy, currently outpacing gDP 
growth at 2.5-2.8 times, is poised to contribute 
a substantial 20% to the gDP by 2026, marking a 
significant surge from the modest 4.5% in 2014 
and the current 11%. At the forefront 
of this transformative journey is the 
pivotal role played by Ai, a force that the 
government is actively shaping through 
the comprehensive mission named 
‘indiaAi. ’
indiaAi’s vision not only consists of 
support for the Ai startup ecosystem 
but also the development of practical 
applications addressing real-world 
challenges in healthcare, agriculture, 
language translation, governance, and 
beyond. With a dedicated focus on Ai 
research, the mission involves creating 
indispensable infrastructure for Ai 
computation and curating high-quality, 
diverse datasets crucial for honing 
indian models. A common thread