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 Page 1


35 ????? 2023
gdkjh m|ferk lkewfgd ;k la;qDr m|ferk dk 
,d :i gSA ^lgdkjh m|eh* ,d lkekftd usrk 
osQ vykok vkSj oqQN ugha gS] og fo'kq¼ :i ls 
O;fDrxr ykHk osQ ctk;] yksdrkaf=kd rjhosQ ls O;kolkf;d 
ekeyksa osQ çcaèku osQ fy, et+cwr j.kuhfr rS;kj djus dh 
n`f‘ j•rk gSA lgdkjh usrk et+cwr n`<+ ladYi vkSj çfrc¼rk 
osQ lkFk dke djrs gSa] uokpkj djus vkSj ^ckWDl osQ ckgj 
lkspus dh {kerk j•rs gSa* vkSj tksf•e ysus dh bPNk j•rs gSaA 
lgdkjh osQ lnL; & pkgs miHkksDrk gksa] Jfed gksa ;k mRiknd 
& O;olk; osQ ekfyd gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa 
osQ mi;ksxdrkZ Hkh gksrs gSaA lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dks ,d lnL;] 
,d oksV osQ vkèkkj ij 'kkflr fd;k tkrk gSA lnL;ksa }kjk 
yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu] lgdkjh ekWMy dh lcls cM+h 'kfDr;ksa esa 
ls ,d gSA lkeqnkf;d leL;kvksa dks gy djuk vkSj {ks=kh; 
#>kuksa dk voyksdu djuk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ fuekZ.k osQ 
voljksa dks •kstus osQ fy, nks çHkkoh rjhosQ gSaA
l
,d lgdkjh lfefr dh liQy gksus dh {kerk mlosQ lnL;ksa] çcaèku vkSj usr`Ro osQ lkFk mlosQ 
lacaèkksa dh çHkko'khyrk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA çR;sd fgLlsnkj dks vius drZO;ksa osQ ckjs esa irk 
gksuk pkfg, vkSj lgdkjh lfefr dks lHkh lnL;ksa vkSj çcaèku osQ lkFk lapkj dh ykbusa •qyh 
j•uh pkfg,A lgdkjh m|e osQ lnL;ksa] çcaèkdksa vkSj usrkvksa dk fu;fer çf'k{k.k lgdkfjrk 
osQ fodkl osQ fy, t:jh gSA osQaæ ljdkj us ;kstukc¼ gLr{ksiksa osQ ekè;e ls ns'k esa lgdkjh 
m|ferk dks et+cwr djus osQ fy, lgk;rk lsokvksa dk foLrkj fd;k gSA
vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy, lgdkjh 
m|e'khyrk dks et+cwr djuk
lkxj fdlu okMdj
lykgdkj] jkԻh; lgdkjh la?k] ubZ fnYyhA bZesy% sagarkwadkar@gmail.com
Page 2


35 ????? 2023
gdkjh m|ferk lkewfgd ;k la;qDr m|ferk dk 
,d :i gSA ^lgdkjh m|eh* ,d lkekftd usrk 
osQ vykok vkSj oqQN ugha gS] og fo'kq¼ :i ls 
O;fDrxr ykHk osQ ctk;] yksdrkaf=kd rjhosQ ls O;kolkf;d 
ekeyksa osQ çcaèku osQ fy, et+cwr j.kuhfr rS;kj djus dh 
n`f‘ j•rk gSA lgdkjh usrk et+cwr n`<+ ladYi vkSj çfrc¼rk 
osQ lkFk dke djrs gSa] uokpkj djus vkSj ^ckWDl osQ ckgj 
lkspus dh {kerk j•rs gSa* vkSj tksf•e ysus dh bPNk j•rs gSaA 
lgdkjh osQ lnL; & pkgs miHkksDrk gksa] Jfed gksa ;k mRiknd 
& O;olk; osQ ekfyd gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa 
osQ mi;ksxdrkZ Hkh gksrs gSaA lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dks ,d lnL;] 
,d oksV osQ vkèkkj ij 'kkflr fd;k tkrk gSA lnL;ksa }kjk 
yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu] lgdkjh ekWMy dh lcls cM+h 'kfDr;ksa esa 
ls ,d gSA lkeqnkf;d leL;kvksa dks gy djuk vkSj {ks=kh; 
#>kuksa dk voyksdu djuk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ fuekZ.k osQ 
voljksa dks •kstus osQ fy, nks çHkkoh rjhosQ gSaA
l
,d lgdkjh lfefr dh liQy gksus dh {kerk mlosQ lnL;ksa] çcaèku vkSj usr`Ro osQ lkFk mlosQ 
lacaèkksa dh çHkko'khyrk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA çR;sd fgLlsnkj dks vius drZO;ksa osQ ckjs esa irk 
gksuk pkfg, vkSj lgdkjh lfefr dks lHkh lnL;ksa vkSj çcaèku osQ lkFk lapkj dh ykbusa •qyh 
j•uh pkfg,A lgdkjh m|e osQ lnL;ksa] çcaèkdksa vkSj usrkvksa dk fu;fer çf'k{k.k lgdkfjrk 
osQ fodkl osQ fy, t:jh gSA osQaæ ljdkj us ;kstukc¼ gLr{ksiksa osQ ekè;e ls ns'k esa lgdkjh 
m|ferk dks et+cwr djus osQ fy, lgk;rk lsokvksa dk foLrkj fd;k gSA
vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy, lgdkjh 
m|e'khyrk dks et+cwr djuk
lkxj fdlu okMdj
lykgdkj] jkԻh; lgdkjh la?k] ubZ fnYyhA bZesy% sagarkwadkar@gmail.com
36 ????? 2023
i`"Hkwfe
Hkkjr esa lgdkfjrk vkanksyu us lekosf'krk vkSj lkeqnkf;d 
fodkl osQ fy, ges'kk lkekftd vkSj foÙkh; iwath dk 
ykHk mBk;k gSA Hkkjr esa lgdkjh vkanksyu vkSj m|e'khyrk 
,sfrgkfld :i ls le`¼ vkSj fofoèk gSaA lgdkjh m|ferk 
lkeqnkf;d Lrj ij xq.koÙkkiw.kZ jkstxkj l`tu] èku l`tu vkSj 
miyCèk lalkèkuksa osQ b‘re mi;ksx ij osQafær gSA O;fDr;ksa 
osQ lnL;&lapkfyr vkSj lnL;&fu;af=kr la?kksa osQ :i esa] bu 
laLFkkvksa esa lkeqnkf;d O;kikj Hkkouk] lkeatL; vkSj lkekftd 
caèku lfgr xgurk osQ lkFk tehuh Lrj ij oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa 
dks forfjr djus dh vikj {kerk gSA Hkkjr esa lgdkfjrk osQ 
ykHk esa gS] gekjs Ñf"k foÙkiks"k.k esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dk 
fgLlk 19 izfr'kr] moZjd forj.k dk 35 izfr'kr] moZjd 
mRiknu dk 30 izfr'kr] phuh mRiknu dk 40 izfr'kr] xsgwa 
dh •jhn dk 13 izfr'kr vkSj èkku dh •jhn dk 20 izfr'kr 
gS (,ulh;wvkbZ% 2018)A yksxksa osQ thou vkSj vkthfodk ij 
lgdkjh vkanksyu osQ fufgr tcjnLr 
l'kDr çHkko dks ns•rs gq,] Hkkjr osQ 
çèkkuea=kh us lgdkj ls le`f¼ & ,d 
Hkkxhnkjh fodkl n`f‘dks.k dh 'kq#vkr 
djus dk ea=k fn;k vkSj Hkkjr esa 
,d vyx lgdkfjrk ea=kky; cuk;kA 
Hkkjr vkSj fo'o dh vFkZO;oLFkk osQ 
cnyrs :iksa dks ns•rs gq, lgdkfjrk 
ea=kky; dh vksj ls Hkkjr osQ igys 
lgdkfjrk ea=kh Jh vfer 'kkg 
osQ usr`Ro esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ 
fodkl osQ fy, ,d fof'k‘] çHkkoh 
vkSj thoar ç'kklfud] dkuwuh vkSj 
fu;ked <kaps dh is'kd'k djus vkSj 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ chp ,d uohu 
vkSj j.kuhfrd m|e'khy laLÑfr dks c<+kok nsus dh mEehn 
dh tkrh gSA
lgdkjh m|eksa vkSj lgdkjh vkanksyu dh liQyrk vkSj 
fuokZg dk lhèkk lacaèk lgdkjh m|ferk ls gSA lgdkjh 
m|ferk] tSlk fd lgdkjh {ks=k esa mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] og 
çfØ;k gS tgka lnL;ksa osQ lkekftd&vkfFkZd ,oa lkaLÑfrd 
t:jrsa vkSj egRokdka{kkvksa dks iwjk djus osQ fy, O;fDr;ksa 
osQ ,d lewg }kjk vius foÙkh; vkSj xSj&foÙkh; lalkèkuksa dks 
bdV~Bk djosQ ,d u;k lgdkjh 'kq: djuk ;k ,d ekStwnk 
lgdkjh dks fiQj ls rS;kj fd;k djuk gSA 
lgdkjh m|ferk dk y{; lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ lapkyu 
esa j.kuhfrd çcaèku] jpukRedrk vkSj uokpkj dks c<+kok nsuk 
gSA lgdkjh lfefr osQ ikl ,drk osQ mís';ksa dks çkIr djus 
osQ fy, xfr'khy 'kklh lajpuk] ;ksX;] l{ke vkSj çfrc¼ 
ekuo lalkèku vkSj vR;kèkqfud çcaèku ç.kkyh gksuh pkfg,A
iwjs ns'k esa dbZ lgdkjh O;kikj ekWMy gSa tks lnL;ksa vkSj 
xSj&lnL;ksa nksuksa dh t:jrksa dks iwjk 
djrs gSaA muesa ls lksyg dks oYMZ 
dksvkWijsfVo ekWfuVj 2022 (vkbZlh,] 
2022) dh ^VuZvksoj vksoj thMhih 
ij oSQfiVk* Js.kh esa fpf=kr fd;k 
x;k gSA blesa biQdks (bafM;u iQkeZlZ 
iQfVZykbtlZ dksvkWijsfVo fyfeVsM] 
ubZ fnYyh ¹jSad çFkeº_ xqtjkr LVsV 
dksvkWijsfVo feYd ,aM ekdZsfVax 
isQMjs'ku (thlh,e,e,iQ)] vk.kan] 
xqtjkr ¹jSad nwljkº_ Ñ"kd Hkkjrh 
dksvkWijsfVo fyfeVsM (ÑHkdks)] ubZ 
fnYyh ¹jSad rhljkº_ lkr jkT; lgdkjh 
cSad] vFkkZr~ osQjy] egkjkԻ] dukZVd] 
vkaèkz çns'k] eè; çns'k] xqtjkr vkSj 
lgdkjh m|ferk dk y{; 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ 
lapkyu esa j.kuhfrd çcaèku] 
jpukRedrk vkSj uokpkj 
dks c<+kok nsuk gSA lgdkjh 
lfefr osQ ikl ,drk osQ 
mís';ksa dks çkIr djus osQ fy, 
xfr'khy 'kklh lajpuk] ;ksX;] 
l{ke vkSj çfrc¼ ekuo 
lalkèku vkSj vR;kèkqfud 
çcaèku ç.kkyh gksuh pkfg,A
Page 3


35 ????? 2023
gdkjh m|ferk lkewfgd ;k la;qDr m|ferk dk 
,d :i gSA ^lgdkjh m|eh* ,d lkekftd usrk 
osQ vykok vkSj oqQN ugha gS] og fo'kq¼ :i ls 
O;fDrxr ykHk osQ ctk;] yksdrkaf=kd rjhosQ ls O;kolkf;d 
ekeyksa osQ çcaèku osQ fy, et+cwr j.kuhfr rS;kj djus dh 
n`f‘ j•rk gSA lgdkjh usrk et+cwr n`<+ ladYi vkSj çfrc¼rk 
osQ lkFk dke djrs gSa] uokpkj djus vkSj ^ckWDl osQ ckgj 
lkspus dh {kerk j•rs gSa* vkSj tksf•e ysus dh bPNk j•rs gSaA 
lgdkjh osQ lnL; & pkgs miHkksDrk gksa] Jfed gksa ;k mRiknd 
& O;olk; osQ ekfyd gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa 
osQ mi;ksxdrkZ Hkh gksrs gSaA lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dks ,d lnL;] 
,d oksV osQ vkèkkj ij 'kkflr fd;k tkrk gSA lnL;ksa }kjk 
yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu] lgdkjh ekWMy dh lcls cM+h 'kfDr;ksa esa 
ls ,d gSA lkeqnkf;d leL;kvksa dks gy djuk vkSj {ks=kh; 
#>kuksa dk voyksdu djuk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ fuekZ.k osQ 
voljksa dks •kstus osQ fy, nks çHkkoh rjhosQ gSaA
l
,d lgdkjh lfefr dh liQy gksus dh {kerk mlosQ lnL;ksa] çcaèku vkSj usr`Ro osQ lkFk mlosQ 
lacaèkksa dh çHkko'khyrk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA çR;sd fgLlsnkj dks vius drZO;ksa osQ ckjs esa irk 
gksuk pkfg, vkSj lgdkjh lfefr dks lHkh lnL;ksa vkSj çcaèku osQ lkFk lapkj dh ykbusa •qyh 
j•uh pkfg,A lgdkjh m|e osQ lnL;ksa] çcaèkdksa vkSj usrkvksa dk fu;fer çf'k{k.k lgdkfjrk 
osQ fodkl osQ fy, t:jh gSA osQaæ ljdkj us ;kstukc¼ gLr{ksiksa osQ ekè;e ls ns'k esa lgdkjh 
m|ferk dks et+cwr djus osQ fy, lgk;rk lsokvksa dk foLrkj fd;k gSA
vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy, lgdkjh 
m|e'khyrk dks et+cwr djuk
lkxj fdlu okMdj
lykgdkj] jkԻh; lgdkjh la?k] ubZ fnYyhA bZesy% sagarkwadkar@gmail.com
36 ????? 2023
i`"Hkwfe
Hkkjr esa lgdkfjrk vkanksyu us lekosf'krk vkSj lkeqnkf;d 
fodkl osQ fy, ges'kk lkekftd vkSj foÙkh; iwath dk 
ykHk mBk;k gSA Hkkjr esa lgdkjh vkanksyu vkSj m|e'khyrk 
,sfrgkfld :i ls le`¼ vkSj fofoèk gSaA lgdkjh m|ferk 
lkeqnkf;d Lrj ij xq.koÙkkiw.kZ jkstxkj l`tu] èku l`tu vkSj 
miyCèk lalkèkuksa osQ b‘re mi;ksx ij osQafær gSA O;fDr;ksa 
osQ lnL;&lapkfyr vkSj lnL;&fu;af=kr la?kksa osQ :i esa] bu 
laLFkkvksa esa lkeqnkf;d O;kikj Hkkouk] lkeatL; vkSj lkekftd 
caèku lfgr xgurk osQ lkFk tehuh Lrj ij oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa 
dks forfjr djus dh vikj {kerk gSA Hkkjr esa lgdkfjrk osQ 
ykHk esa gS] gekjs Ñf"k foÙkiks"k.k esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dk 
fgLlk 19 izfr'kr] moZjd forj.k dk 35 izfr'kr] moZjd 
mRiknu dk 30 izfr'kr] phuh mRiknu dk 40 izfr'kr] xsgwa 
dh •jhn dk 13 izfr'kr vkSj èkku dh •jhn dk 20 izfr'kr 
gS (,ulh;wvkbZ% 2018)A yksxksa osQ thou vkSj vkthfodk ij 
lgdkjh vkanksyu osQ fufgr tcjnLr 
l'kDr çHkko dks ns•rs gq,] Hkkjr osQ 
çèkkuea=kh us lgdkj ls le`f¼ & ,d 
Hkkxhnkjh fodkl n`f‘dks.k dh 'kq#vkr 
djus dk ea=k fn;k vkSj Hkkjr esa 
,d vyx lgdkfjrk ea=kky; cuk;kA 
Hkkjr vkSj fo'o dh vFkZO;oLFkk osQ 
cnyrs :iksa dks ns•rs gq, lgdkfjrk 
ea=kky; dh vksj ls Hkkjr osQ igys 
lgdkfjrk ea=kh Jh vfer 'kkg 
osQ usr`Ro esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ 
fodkl osQ fy, ,d fof'k‘] çHkkoh 
vkSj thoar ç'kklfud] dkuwuh vkSj 
fu;ked <kaps dh is'kd'k djus vkSj 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ chp ,d uohu 
vkSj j.kuhfrd m|e'khy laLÑfr dks c<+kok nsus dh mEehn 
dh tkrh gSA
lgdkjh m|eksa vkSj lgdkjh vkanksyu dh liQyrk vkSj 
fuokZg dk lhèkk lacaèk lgdkjh m|ferk ls gSA lgdkjh 
m|ferk] tSlk fd lgdkjh {ks=k esa mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] og 
çfØ;k gS tgka lnL;ksa osQ lkekftd&vkfFkZd ,oa lkaLÑfrd 
t:jrsa vkSj egRokdka{kkvksa dks iwjk djus osQ fy, O;fDr;ksa 
osQ ,d lewg }kjk vius foÙkh; vkSj xSj&foÙkh; lalkèkuksa dks 
bdV~Bk djosQ ,d u;k lgdkjh 'kq: djuk ;k ,d ekStwnk 
lgdkjh dks fiQj ls rS;kj fd;k djuk gSA 
lgdkjh m|ferk dk y{; lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ lapkyu 
esa j.kuhfrd çcaèku] jpukRedrk vkSj uokpkj dks c<+kok nsuk 
gSA lgdkjh lfefr osQ ikl ,drk osQ mís';ksa dks çkIr djus 
osQ fy, xfr'khy 'kklh lajpuk] ;ksX;] l{ke vkSj çfrc¼ 
ekuo lalkèku vkSj vR;kèkqfud çcaèku ç.kkyh gksuh pkfg,A
iwjs ns'k esa dbZ lgdkjh O;kikj ekWMy gSa tks lnL;ksa vkSj 
xSj&lnL;ksa nksuksa dh t:jrksa dks iwjk 
djrs gSaA muesa ls lksyg dks oYMZ 
dksvkWijsfVo ekWfuVj 2022 (vkbZlh,] 
2022) dh ^VuZvksoj vksoj thMhih 
ij oSQfiVk* Js.kh esa fpf=kr fd;k 
x;k gSA blesa biQdks (bafM;u iQkeZlZ 
iQfVZykbtlZ dksvkWijsfVo fyfeVsM] 
ubZ fnYyh ¹jSad çFkeº_ xqtjkr LVsV 
dksvkWijsfVo feYd ,aM ekdZsfVax 
isQMjs'ku (thlh,e,e,iQ)] vk.kan] 
xqtjkr ¹jSad nwljkº_ Ñ"kd Hkkjrh 
dksvkWijsfVo fyfeVsM (ÑHkdks)] ubZ 
fnYyh ¹jSad rhljkº_ lkr jkT; lgdkjh 
cSad] vFkkZr~ osQjy] egkjkԻ] dukZVd] 
vkaèkz çns'k] eè; çns'k] xqtjkr vkSj 
lgdkjh m|ferk dk y{; 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ 
lapkyu esa j.kuhfrd çcaèku] 
jpukRedrk vkSj uokpkj 
dks c<+kok nsuk gSA lgdkjh 
lfefr osQ ikl ,drk osQ 
mís';ksa dks çkIr djus osQ fy, 
xfr'khy 'kklh lajpuk] ;ksX;] 
l{ke vkSj çfrc¼ ekuo 
lalkèku vkSj vR;kèkqfud 
çcaèku ç.kkyh gksuh pkfg,A
37 ????? 2023
mÙkj çns'k_ pkj 'kgjh lgdkjh cSad% lkjLor lgdkjh cSad] 
eqacbZ_ Vhts,lch lgdkjh cSad] Bk.ks_ dkWlekWl lgdkjh cSad] 
iq.ks_ vkSj ,lohlh lgdkjh cSad] egkjk‘ª_ vkSj nks çkFkfed 
lfefr;ka] vFkkZr~ cqy<k.kk vcZu dksvkWijsfVo ØsfMV lkslk;Vh] 
egkjk‘ª] vkSj ;wjkyqaxy yscj dkWUVªSDV dks&vkWijsfVo lkslk;Vh 
fyfeVsM (;w,ylhlh,l)] osQjy 'kkfey gSaA 
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ mHkjrs {ks=kksa tSls fofuekZ.k] lsokvksa] 
uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ] i;ZVu] ifjogu] gFkdj?kk] gLrdyk] 
LokLF;] Nk=k@ifjlj miHkksDrk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa vkfn esa 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ xBu vkSj iks"k.k osQ fy, ,d fo'kky 
vç;qDr {kerk ekStwn gSA blosQ vfrfjDr] lekt dY;k.k 
{ks=k esa vikj {kerk gS] tks vkerkSj ij vU; çdkj osQ futh 
m|e osQ vkfFkZd :i ls vkxs c<+us esa laHko ugha gSA lgdkjh 
lfefr;ksa dk vf}rh; fcØh çLrko (;w,lih) ^ykHk ij yksxksa 
dh çèkkurk*] vius lnL;ksa dks LoSfPNd :i ls dke ij 
yxkus osQ ekè;e ls •pZ cpkuk laHko gSA
lgdkjh m|ferk
lgdkjh m|ferk lkewfgd ;k la;qDr m|ferk dk ,d 
:i gSA ^lgdkjh m|eh* ,d lkekftd usrk osQ vykok vkSj 
oqQN ugha gS] tks fo'kq¼ :i ls O;fDrxr ykHk osQ ctk;] 
yksdrkaf=kd rjhosQ ls O;kolkf;d ekeyksa osQ çcaèku osQ 
fy, et+cwr j.kuhfr rS;kj djus dh n`f‘ j•rk gSA lgdkjh 
usrk et+cwr n`<+ ladYi vkSj çfrc¼rk osQ lkFk dke djrs 
gSa] uokpkj dh {kerk j•rs gSa vkSj :f<+xr lksp ls fHkUu 
gksdj tksf•e ysus dh bPNk j•rs gSaA lgdkjh m|ferk rHkh 
laHko gks ldrh gS] tc leku fopkjèkkjk vkSj lgh lksp 
okys O;fDr;ksa dk ,d lewg ,d lkFk] ,dtqV gksdj vius 
lalkèkuksa dks bdV~Bk djosQ O;kikj m|e dks liQy vkSj thoar 
cukus osQ fy, feydj dke djus dk fu.kZ; ysrk gSA
lgdkjh osQ lnL; & pkgs miHkksDrk gksa] Jfed gksa ;k 
mRiknd & O;olk; osQ ekfyd gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk oLrqvksa 
vkSj lsokvksa osQ mi;ksxdrkZ Hkh gksrs gSaA lgdkjh lfefr ,d 
lnL;] ,d oksV osQ vkèkkj ij 'kkflr dh tkrh gSA lnL;ksa  
}kjk yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu lgdkjh ekWMy dh lcls cM+h 'kfDr;ksa 
esa ls ,d gSA vfèkdrj] lgdkjh lfefr;ksa esa tksf•e dh 
çÑfr vkSj vfèk'ks"k dk forj.k lnL;ksa vkSj 'ks;jèkkjdksa osQ 
chp leku :i ls lk>k fd;k tkrk gSA lgdkjh m|e dh 
LFkk;h çfrLièkkZ osQ fy,] fiQj pkgs og lgdkjh lfefr] futh 
oaQiuh] LVkVZ&vi ;k ;gka rd fd ekfydkuk m|e 'kq: djus 
osQ fy, O;kogkfjd O;olk; ;kstuk dh iwoZ&vko';drk 
gksxhA laiw.kZ m|e'khyrk çfØ;k osQ fy, fuEufyf•r dne 
vko';d gSaA
volj dh igpku
laiw.kZ m|e'khyrk çfØ;k osQ fy, ,d O;kogkfjd 
O;olk; ;kstuk vko';d gSA lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ fuekZ.k 
osQ voljksa dks •kstus osQ fy, lkeqnkf;d leL;kvksa dks gy 
djuk vkSj {ks=kh; #>kuksa dk voyksdu djuk nks çHkkoh rjhosQ 
gSaA tc cktkj dh foiQyrk dh çfrfØ;k esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa 
dh LFkkiuk dh tkrh gS] rc bls ^leL;kvksa dks gy djuk* 
dgk tkrk gSA {ks=kh; #>kuksa osQ vuqlkj m|eh lgdkjh :i 
ls vfodflr {ks=kksa esa ,d liQy n`f‘dks.k dk iqu#Riknu 
dj ldrs gSaA
laxBukRed fMtkbu
çkjafHkd çorZdksa vkSj usrkvksa }kjk O;kolkf;d fopkj 
esa O;kolkf;d {kerk gksus dh ckr le>us ij] vxyk 
dne fuEufyf•r igyqvksa osQ lkFk laxBukRed fMtkbu dks 
ifjHkkf"kr djuk gS%
 y mís';% m|e osQ lkeus mís'; osQ osQaæ le>s tkus okys 
(lnL;ksa vkSj xzkgdksa osQ fy,) vko';drkvksa dks crkrs 
gq, Li‘ :i ls y{; vkSj mís'; dks js•kafdr djsaA
Page 4


35 ????? 2023
gdkjh m|ferk lkewfgd ;k la;qDr m|ferk dk 
,d :i gSA ^lgdkjh m|eh* ,d lkekftd usrk 
osQ vykok vkSj oqQN ugha gS] og fo'kq¼ :i ls 
O;fDrxr ykHk osQ ctk;] yksdrkaf=kd rjhosQ ls O;kolkf;d 
ekeyksa osQ çcaèku osQ fy, et+cwr j.kuhfr rS;kj djus dh 
n`f‘ j•rk gSA lgdkjh usrk et+cwr n`<+ ladYi vkSj çfrc¼rk 
osQ lkFk dke djrs gSa] uokpkj djus vkSj ^ckWDl osQ ckgj 
lkspus dh {kerk j•rs gSa* vkSj tksf•e ysus dh bPNk j•rs gSaA 
lgdkjh osQ lnL; & pkgs miHkksDrk gksa] Jfed gksa ;k mRiknd 
& O;olk; osQ ekfyd gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa 
osQ mi;ksxdrkZ Hkh gksrs gSaA lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dks ,d lnL;] 
,d oksV osQ vkèkkj ij 'kkflr fd;k tkrk gSA lnL;ksa }kjk 
yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu] lgdkjh ekWMy dh lcls cM+h 'kfDr;ksa esa 
ls ,d gSA lkeqnkf;d leL;kvksa dks gy djuk vkSj {ks=kh; 
#>kuksa dk voyksdu djuk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ fuekZ.k osQ 
voljksa dks •kstus osQ fy, nks çHkkoh rjhosQ gSaA
l
,d lgdkjh lfefr dh liQy gksus dh {kerk mlosQ lnL;ksa] çcaèku vkSj usr`Ro osQ lkFk mlosQ 
lacaèkksa dh çHkko'khyrk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA çR;sd fgLlsnkj dks vius drZO;ksa osQ ckjs esa irk 
gksuk pkfg, vkSj lgdkjh lfefr dks lHkh lnL;ksa vkSj çcaèku osQ lkFk lapkj dh ykbusa •qyh 
j•uh pkfg,A lgdkjh m|e osQ lnL;ksa] çcaèkdksa vkSj usrkvksa dk fu;fer çf'k{k.k lgdkfjrk 
osQ fodkl osQ fy, t:jh gSA osQaæ ljdkj us ;kstukc¼ gLr{ksiksa osQ ekè;e ls ns'k esa lgdkjh 
m|ferk dks et+cwr djus osQ fy, lgk;rk lsokvksa dk foLrkj fd;k gSA
vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy, lgdkjh 
m|e'khyrk dks et+cwr djuk
lkxj fdlu okMdj
lykgdkj] jkԻh; lgdkjh la?k] ubZ fnYyhA bZesy% sagarkwadkar@gmail.com
36 ????? 2023
i`"Hkwfe
Hkkjr esa lgdkfjrk vkanksyu us lekosf'krk vkSj lkeqnkf;d 
fodkl osQ fy, ges'kk lkekftd vkSj foÙkh; iwath dk 
ykHk mBk;k gSA Hkkjr esa lgdkjh vkanksyu vkSj m|e'khyrk 
,sfrgkfld :i ls le`¼ vkSj fofoèk gSaA lgdkjh m|ferk 
lkeqnkf;d Lrj ij xq.koÙkkiw.kZ jkstxkj l`tu] èku l`tu vkSj 
miyCèk lalkèkuksa osQ b‘re mi;ksx ij osQafær gSA O;fDr;ksa 
osQ lnL;&lapkfyr vkSj lnL;&fu;af=kr la?kksa osQ :i esa] bu 
laLFkkvksa esa lkeqnkf;d O;kikj Hkkouk] lkeatL; vkSj lkekftd 
caèku lfgr xgurk osQ lkFk tehuh Lrj ij oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa 
dks forfjr djus dh vikj {kerk gSA Hkkjr esa lgdkfjrk osQ 
ykHk esa gS] gekjs Ñf"k foÙkiks"k.k esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dk 
fgLlk 19 izfr'kr] moZjd forj.k dk 35 izfr'kr] moZjd 
mRiknu dk 30 izfr'kr] phuh mRiknu dk 40 izfr'kr] xsgwa 
dh •jhn dk 13 izfr'kr vkSj èkku dh •jhn dk 20 izfr'kr 
gS (,ulh;wvkbZ% 2018)A yksxksa osQ thou vkSj vkthfodk ij 
lgdkjh vkanksyu osQ fufgr tcjnLr 
l'kDr çHkko dks ns•rs gq,] Hkkjr osQ 
çèkkuea=kh us lgdkj ls le`f¼ & ,d 
Hkkxhnkjh fodkl n`f‘dks.k dh 'kq#vkr 
djus dk ea=k fn;k vkSj Hkkjr esa 
,d vyx lgdkfjrk ea=kky; cuk;kA 
Hkkjr vkSj fo'o dh vFkZO;oLFkk osQ 
cnyrs :iksa dks ns•rs gq, lgdkfjrk 
ea=kky; dh vksj ls Hkkjr osQ igys 
lgdkfjrk ea=kh Jh vfer 'kkg 
osQ usr`Ro esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ 
fodkl osQ fy, ,d fof'k‘] çHkkoh 
vkSj thoar ç'kklfud] dkuwuh vkSj 
fu;ked <kaps dh is'kd'k djus vkSj 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ chp ,d uohu 
vkSj j.kuhfrd m|e'khy laLÑfr dks c<+kok nsus dh mEehn 
dh tkrh gSA
lgdkjh m|eksa vkSj lgdkjh vkanksyu dh liQyrk vkSj 
fuokZg dk lhèkk lacaèk lgdkjh m|ferk ls gSA lgdkjh 
m|ferk] tSlk fd lgdkjh {ks=k esa mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] og 
çfØ;k gS tgka lnL;ksa osQ lkekftd&vkfFkZd ,oa lkaLÑfrd 
t:jrsa vkSj egRokdka{kkvksa dks iwjk djus osQ fy, O;fDr;ksa 
osQ ,d lewg }kjk vius foÙkh; vkSj xSj&foÙkh; lalkèkuksa dks 
bdV~Bk djosQ ,d u;k lgdkjh 'kq: djuk ;k ,d ekStwnk 
lgdkjh dks fiQj ls rS;kj fd;k djuk gSA 
lgdkjh m|ferk dk y{; lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ lapkyu 
esa j.kuhfrd çcaèku] jpukRedrk vkSj uokpkj dks c<+kok nsuk 
gSA lgdkjh lfefr osQ ikl ,drk osQ mís';ksa dks çkIr djus 
osQ fy, xfr'khy 'kklh lajpuk] ;ksX;] l{ke vkSj çfrc¼ 
ekuo lalkèku vkSj vR;kèkqfud çcaèku ç.kkyh gksuh pkfg,A
iwjs ns'k esa dbZ lgdkjh O;kikj ekWMy gSa tks lnL;ksa vkSj 
xSj&lnL;ksa nksuksa dh t:jrksa dks iwjk 
djrs gSaA muesa ls lksyg dks oYMZ 
dksvkWijsfVo ekWfuVj 2022 (vkbZlh,] 
2022) dh ^VuZvksoj vksoj thMhih 
ij oSQfiVk* Js.kh esa fpf=kr fd;k 
x;k gSA blesa biQdks (bafM;u iQkeZlZ 
iQfVZykbtlZ dksvkWijsfVo fyfeVsM] 
ubZ fnYyh ¹jSad çFkeº_ xqtjkr LVsV 
dksvkWijsfVo feYd ,aM ekdZsfVax 
isQMjs'ku (thlh,e,e,iQ)] vk.kan] 
xqtjkr ¹jSad nwljkº_ Ñ"kd Hkkjrh 
dksvkWijsfVo fyfeVsM (ÑHkdks)] ubZ 
fnYyh ¹jSad rhljkº_ lkr jkT; lgdkjh 
cSad] vFkkZr~ osQjy] egkjkԻ] dukZVd] 
vkaèkz çns'k] eè; çns'k] xqtjkr vkSj 
lgdkjh m|ferk dk y{; 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ 
lapkyu esa j.kuhfrd çcaèku] 
jpukRedrk vkSj uokpkj 
dks c<+kok nsuk gSA lgdkjh 
lfefr osQ ikl ,drk osQ 
mís';ksa dks çkIr djus osQ fy, 
xfr'khy 'kklh lajpuk] ;ksX;] 
l{ke vkSj çfrc¼ ekuo 
lalkèku vkSj vR;kèkqfud 
çcaèku ç.kkyh gksuh pkfg,A
37 ????? 2023
mÙkj çns'k_ pkj 'kgjh lgdkjh cSad% lkjLor lgdkjh cSad] 
eqacbZ_ Vhts,lch lgdkjh cSad] Bk.ks_ dkWlekWl lgdkjh cSad] 
iq.ks_ vkSj ,lohlh lgdkjh cSad] egkjk‘ª_ vkSj nks çkFkfed 
lfefr;ka] vFkkZr~ cqy<k.kk vcZu dksvkWijsfVo ØsfMV lkslk;Vh] 
egkjk‘ª] vkSj ;wjkyqaxy yscj dkWUVªSDV dks&vkWijsfVo lkslk;Vh 
fyfeVsM (;w,ylhlh,l)] osQjy 'kkfey gSaA 
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ mHkjrs {ks=kksa tSls fofuekZ.k] lsokvksa] 
uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ] i;ZVu] ifjogu] gFkdj?kk] gLrdyk] 
LokLF;] Nk=k@ifjlj miHkksDrk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa vkfn esa 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ xBu vkSj iks"k.k osQ fy, ,d fo'kky 
vç;qDr {kerk ekStwn gSA blosQ vfrfjDr] lekt dY;k.k 
{ks=k esa vikj {kerk gS] tks vkerkSj ij vU; çdkj osQ futh 
m|e osQ vkfFkZd :i ls vkxs c<+us esa laHko ugha gSA lgdkjh 
lfefr;ksa dk vf}rh; fcØh çLrko (;w,lih) ^ykHk ij yksxksa 
dh çèkkurk*] vius lnL;ksa dks LoSfPNd :i ls dke ij 
yxkus osQ ekè;e ls •pZ cpkuk laHko gSA
lgdkjh m|ferk
lgdkjh m|ferk lkewfgd ;k la;qDr m|ferk dk ,d 
:i gSA ^lgdkjh m|eh* ,d lkekftd usrk osQ vykok vkSj 
oqQN ugha gS] tks fo'kq¼ :i ls O;fDrxr ykHk osQ ctk;] 
yksdrkaf=kd rjhosQ ls O;kolkf;d ekeyksa osQ çcaèku osQ 
fy, et+cwr j.kuhfr rS;kj djus dh n`f‘ j•rk gSA lgdkjh 
usrk et+cwr n`<+ ladYi vkSj çfrc¼rk osQ lkFk dke djrs 
gSa] uokpkj dh {kerk j•rs gSa vkSj :f<+xr lksp ls fHkUu 
gksdj tksf•e ysus dh bPNk j•rs gSaA lgdkjh m|ferk rHkh 
laHko gks ldrh gS] tc leku fopkjèkkjk vkSj lgh lksp 
okys O;fDr;ksa dk ,d lewg ,d lkFk] ,dtqV gksdj vius 
lalkèkuksa dks bdV~Bk djosQ O;kikj m|e dks liQy vkSj thoar 
cukus osQ fy, feydj dke djus dk fu.kZ; ysrk gSA
lgdkjh osQ lnL; & pkgs miHkksDrk gksa] Jfed gksa ;k 
mRiknd & O;olk; osQ ekfyd gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk oLrqvksa 
vkSj lsokvksa osQ mi;ksxdrkZ Hkh gksrs gSaA lgdkjh lfefr ,d 
lnL;] ,d oksV osQ vkèkkj ij 'kkflr dh tkrh gSA lnL;ksa  
}kjk yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu lgdkjh ekWMy dh lcls cM+h 'kfDr;ksa 
esa ls ,d gSA vfèkdrj] lgdkjh lfefr;ksa esa tksf•e dh 
çÑfr vkSj vfèk'ks"k dk forj.k lnL;ksa vkSj 'ks;jèkkjdksa osQ 
chp leku :i ls lk>k fd;k tkrk gSA lgdkjh m|e dh 
LFkk;h çfrLièkkZ osQ fy,] fiQj pkgs og lgdkjh lfefr] futh 
oaQiuh] LVkVZ&vi ;k ;gka rd fd ekfydkuk m|e 'kq: djus 
osQ fy, O;kogkfjd O;olk; ;kstuk dh iwoZ&vko';drk 
gksxhA laiw.kZ m|e'khyrk çfØ;k osQ fy, fuEufyf•r dne 
vko';d gSaA
volj dh igpku
laiw.kZ m|e'khyrk çfØ;k osQ fy, ,d O;kogkfjd 
O;olk; ;kstuk vko';d gSA lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ fuekZ.k 
osQ voljksa dks •kstus osQ fy, lkeqnkf;d leL;kvksa dks gy 
djuk vkSj {ks=kh; #>kuksa dk voyksdu djuk nks çHkkoh rjhosQ 
gSaA tc cktkj dh foiQyrk dh çfrfØ;k esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa 
dh LFkkiuk dh tkrh gS] rc bls ^leL;kvksa dks gy djuk* 
dgk tkrk gSA {ks=kh; #>kuksa osQ vuqlkj m|eh lgdkjh :i 
ls vfodflr {ks=kksa esa ,d liQy n`f‘dks.k dk iqu#Riknu 
dj ldrs gSaA
laxBukRed fMtkbu
çkjafHkd çorZdksa vkSj usrkvksa }kjk O;kolkf;d fopkj 
esa O;kolkf;d {kerk gksus dh ckr le>us ij] vxyk 
dne fuEufyf•r igyqvksa osQ lkFk laxBukRed fMtkbu dks 
ifjHkkf"kr djuk gS%
 y mís';% m|e osQ lkeus mís'; osQ osQaæ le>s tkus okys 
(lnL;ksa vkSj xzkgdksa osQ fy,) vko';drkvksa dks crkrs 
gq, Li‘ :i ls y{; vkSj mís'; dks js•kafdr djsaA
38 ????? 2023
rkfydk 1% lgdkjh fodkl osQ fy, ea=kky;&okj vkSj {ks=k&okj ;kstuk,a
Ø- {ks=k ea=kky;@foHkkx ykxw ;kstuk,a
1 Ms;jh
eRL;ikyu] i'kqikyu 
vkSj Ms;jh
 y i'kqikyu volajpuk fodkl fufèk
 y Ms;jh lgdkjh lfefr;ksa vkSj fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa osQ leFkZu esa jk‘ªh; i'kqèku fe'ku
2
eNyh 
ikyu
 y ekfRL;dh vkSj ,DokdYpj volajpuk fodkl fufèk 
 y çèkkuea=kh eRL; laink ;kstuk
3
gFkdj?kk 
vkSj
gLrf'kYi
diM+k
 y jk‘ªh; gFkdj?kk fodkl dk;ZØe
 y gFkdj?kk cqudj O;kid dY;k.k ;kstuk
 y vEcsMdj gLrf'kYi fodkl ;kstuk
 y gFkdj?kk lewg fodkl dk;ZØe & gFkdj?kk esxk lewg
 y js'ke m|ksx osQ fodkl osQ fy, ,dhÑr ;kstuk
 y esxk&baVhxzsVsM VsDlVkby {ks=k vkSj viSjy ikdZ
 y ,dhÑr Åu fodkl dk;ZØe_ ikoj ywe DyLVj fodkl ;kstuk
 y mÙkj&iwoZ oL=k laoèkZu ;kstuk_ jk‘ªh; gLrf'kYi fodkl dk;ZØe
 y gLrf'kYi DyLVj fodkl dk;ZØe & gLrf'kYi esxk DyLVj
4 ,e,l,ebZ
 y ikjaifjd m|ksxksa osQ iqutZuu osQ fy, dks"k dh ;kstuk
 y lkSj pj•k fe'ku_ •knh xzkeks|ksx fodkl ;kstuk
5 vYila[;d ekeys y fodkl osQ fy, ikjaifjd dykvksa@f'kYiksa esa dkS'ky mUu;u vkSj çf'k{k.k
6
LokLF;
vk;q"k
 y vk;qKkZu osQ fy, osQaæh; {ks=k dh ;kstuk
 y vkS"kèkh; ikSèkksa osQ laj{k.k] fodkl vkSj lrr çcaèku osQ fy, osQaæh; {ks=k dh ;kstuk
 y jkԻh; vk;q"k fe'ku
7
LokLF; vkSj ifjokj 
dY;k.k
 y çèkkuea=kh vk;q"eku Hkkjr LokLF; volajpuk fe'ku
 y jk‘ªh; fMftVy LokLF; fe'ku vk;q"eku Hkkjr & çèkkuea=kh tu vkjksX; ;kstuk
8
i;ZVu 
vkSj 
ifjogu
ukxfjd mM~M;u y Ñf"k mM+ku ;kstuk
9 i;ZVu y rhFkZ;k=kk dk;kdYi vkSj vkè;kfRed] fojklr o`f¼ vfHk;ku
10
Hkkjh m|ksx vkSj 
lkoZtfud m|e
 y Hkkjrh; ;kstuk esa (gkbfczM vkSj bysfDVªd) okgu dk rst+ vaxhdj.k vkSj fuekZ.k
11
efgyk,a] 
,llh] 
,lVh] 
vkfnoklh 
vkfnA
tutkrh; ekeys y vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ksa osQ fodkl osQ fy, dk;ZØe (çèkkuea=kh oucaèkq dY;k.k ;kstuk)
12
lkekftd U;k; vkSj 
vfèkdkfjrk
 y oafpr bdkbZ lewg vkSj oxks± dh vkfFkZd lgk;rk ;kstuk
 y çèkkuea=kh n{k vkSj oqQ'kyrk laiUu fgrxzkgh ;kstuk
 y Mh,uVh@,uVh@,l,uVh osQ vkfFkZd l'kDrhdj.k osQ fy, ;kstuk
 y vkthfodk vkSj m|e osQ fy, misf{kr O;fDr;ksa dks lgk;rk
13 vYila[;d ekeys y vYila[;d efgykvksa osQ usr`Ro fodkl osQ fy, ubZ jks'kuh ;kstuk
14
i;kZoj.k 
vkSj tSo 
fofoèkrk 
i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj 
tyok;q ifjorZu
 y gfjr Hkkjr osQ fy, jkԻh; fe'ku
 y jkԻh; rVh; fe'ku
15
uohu vkSj  
uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ
 y tSo ÅtkZ dk;ZØe& ck;ks ikoj (vkWiQ&fxzM)
 y tSo ÅtkZ dk;ZØe& ck;ksxSl dk;ZØe (vkWiQ&fxzM)
 y iou vkSj vU; uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ osQ fy, dk;ZØe
 y lkSj ÅtkZ% lksyj ikoj (fxzM) vkSj lksyj ikoj (vkWiQ&fxzM)
16
mRiknd@
oLrq
•k| çlaLdj.k 
m|ksx
 y lw{e •k| çlaLdj.k m|eksa dh vkSipkfjdrk osQ fy, ;kstuk
 y ih,e fdlku lEink (Ñf"k&leqæh çlaLdj.k vkSj Ñf"k&çlaLdj.k DyLVj fodkl 
osQ fy, ;kstuk)
17
Ñf"k vkSj fdlku 
dY;k.k
 y jk‘ªh; eèkqeD•h ikyu 'kgn fe'ku
 y ckxokuh osQ ,dhÑr fodkl osQ fy, fe'ku
 y iwokZsÙkj {ks=k osQ fy, tSfod ewY;  Ük`a•yk fodkl ij fe'ku
(lzksr% ys•d dk ladyu www.indiabudget.gov.in ls lkHkkj)
Page 5


35 ????? 2023
gdkjh m|ferk lkewfgd ;k la;qDr m|ferk dk 
,d :i gSA ^lgdkjh m|eh* ,d lkekftd usrk 
osQ vykok vkSj oqQN ugha gS] og fo'kq¼ :i ls 
O;fDrxr ykHk osQ ctk;] yksdrkaf=kd rjhosQ ls O;kolkf;d 
ekeyksa osQ çcaèku osQ fy, et+cwr j.kuhfr rS;kj djus dh 
n`f‘ j•rk gSA lgdkjh usrk et+cwr n`<+ ladYi vkSj çfrc¼rk 
osQ lkFk dke djrs gSa] uokpkj djus vkSj ^ckWDl osQ ckgj 
lkspus dh {kerk j•rs gSa* vkSj tksf•e ysus dh bPNk j•rs gSaA 
lgdkjh osQ lnL; & pkgs miHkksDrk gksa] Jfed gksa ;k mRiknd 
& O;olk; osQ ekfyd gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa 
osQ mi;ksxdrkZ Hkh gksrs gSaA lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dks ,d lnL;] 
,d oksV osQ vkèkkj ij 'kkflr fd;k tkrk gSA lnL;ksa }kjk 
yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu] lgdkjh ekWMy dh lcls cM+h 'kfDr;ksa esa 
ls ,d gSA lkeqnkf;d leL;kvksa dks gy djuk vkSj {ks=kh; 
#>kuksa dk voyksdu djuk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ fuekZ.k osQ 
voljksa dks •kstus osQ fy, nks çHkkoh rjhosQ gSaA
l
,d lgdkjh lfefr dh liQy gksus dh {kerk mlosQ lnL;ksa] çcaèku vkSj usr`Ro osQ lkFk mlosQ 
lacaèkksa dh çHkko'khyrk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA çR;sd fgLlsnkj dks vius drZO;ksa osQ ckjs esa irk 
gksuk pkfg, vkSj lgdkjh lfefr dks lHkh lnL;ksa vkSj çcaèku osQ lkFk lapkj dh ykbusa •qyh 
j•uh pkfg,A lgdkjh m|e osQ lnL;ksa] çcaèkdksa vkSj usrkvksa dk fu;fer çf'k{k.k lgdkfjrk 
osQ fodkl osQ fy, t:jh gSA osQaæ ljdkj us ;kstukc¼ gLr{ksiksa osQ ekè;e ls ns'k esa lgdkjh 
m|ferk dks et+cwr djus osQ fy, lgk;rk lsokvksa dk foLrkj fd;k gSA
vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy, lgdkjh 
m|e'khyrk dks et+cwr djuk
lkxj fdlu okMdj
lykgdkj] jkԻh; lgdkjh la?k] ubZ fnYyhA bZesy% sagarkwadkar@gmail.com
36 ????? 2023
i`"Hkwfe
Hkkjr esa lgdkfjrk vkanksyu us lekosf'krk vkSj lkeqnkf;d 
fodkl osQ fy, ges'kk lkekftd vkSj foÙkh; iwath dk 
ykHk mBk;k gSA Hkkjr esa lgdkjh vkanksyu vkSj m|e'khyrk 
,sfrgkfld :i ls le`¼ vkSj fofoèk gSaA lgdkjh m|ferk 
lkeqnkf;d Lrj ij xq.koÙkkiw.kZ jkstxkj l`tu] èku l`tu vkSj 
miyCèk lalkèkuksa osQ b‘re mi;ksx ij osQafær gSA O;fDr;ksa 
osQ lnL;&lapkfyr vkSj lnL;&fu;af=kr la?kksa osQ :i esa] bu 
laLFkkvksa esa lkeqnkf;d O;kikj Hkkouk] lkeatL; vkSj lkekftd 
caèku lfgr xgurk osQ lkFk tehuh Lrj ij oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa 
dks forfjr djus dh vikj {kerk gSA Hkkjr esa lgdkfjrk osQ 
ykHk esa gS] gekjs Ñf"k foÙkiks"k.k esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dk 
fgLlk 19 izfr'kr] moZjd forj.k dk 35 izfr'kr] moZjd 
mRiknu dk 30 izfr'kr] phuh mRiknu dk 40 izfr'kr] xsgwa 
dh •jhn dk 13 izfr'kr vkSj èkku dh •jhn dk 20 izfr'kr 
gS (,ulh;wvkbZ% 2018)A yksxksa osQ thou vkSj vkthfodk ij 
lgdkjh vkanksyu osQ fufgr tcjnLr 
l'kDr çHkko dks ns•rs gq,] Hkkjr osQ 
çèkkuea=kh us lgdkj ls le`f¼ & ,d 
Hkkxhnkjh fodkl n`f‘dks.k dh 'kq#vkr 
djus dk ea=k fn;k vkSj Hkkjr esa 
,d vyx lgdkfjrk ea=kky; cuk;kA 
Hkkjr vkSj fo'o dh vFkZO;oLFkk osQ 
cnyrs :iksa dks ns•rs gq, lgdkfjrk 
ea=kky; dh vksj ls Hkkjr osQ igys 
lgdkfjrk ea=kh Jh vfer 'kkg 
osQ usr`Ro esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ 
fodkl osQ fy, ,d fof'k‘] çHkkoh 
vkSj thoar ç'kklfud] dkuwuh vkSj 
fu;ked <kaps dh is'kd'k djus vkSj 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ chp ,d uohu 
vkSj j.kuhfrd m|e'khy laLÑfr dks c<+kok nsus dh mEehn 
dh tkrh gSA
lgdkjh m|eksa vkSj lgdkjh vkanksyu dh liQyrk vkSj 
fuokZg dk lhèkk lacaèk lgdkjh m|ferk ls gSA lgdkjh 
m|ferk] tSlk fd lgdkjh {ks=k esa mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] og 
çfØ;k gS tgka lnL;ksa osQ lkekftd&vkfFkZd ,oa lkaLÑfrd 
t:jrsa vkSj egRokdka{kkvksa dks iwjk djus osQ fy, O;fDr;ksa 
osQ ,d lewg }kjk vius foÙkh; vkSj xSj&foÙkh; lalkèkuksa dks 
bdV~Bk djosQ ,d u;k lgdkjh 'kq: djuk ;k ,d ekStwnk 
lgdkjh dks fiQj ls rS;kj fd;k djuk gSA 
lgdkjh m|ferk dk y{; lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ lapkyu 
esa j.kuhfrd çcaèku] jpukRedrk vkSj uokpkj dks c<+kok nsuk 
gSA lgdkjh lfefr osQ ikl ,drk osQ mís';ksa dks çkIr djus 
osQ fy, xfr'khy 'kklh lajpuk] ;ksX;] l{ke vkSj çfrc¼ 
ekuo lalkèku vkSj vR;kèkqfud çcaèku ç.kkyh gksuh pkfg,A
iwjs ns'k esa dbZ lgdkjh O;kikj ekWMy gSa tks lnL;ksa vkSj 
xSj&lnL;ksa nksuksa dh t:jrksa dks iwjk 
djrs gSaA muesa ls lksyg dks oYMZ 
dksvkWijsfVo ekWfuVj 2022 (vkbZlh,] 
2022) dh ^VuZvksoj vksoj thMhih 
ij oSQfiVk* Js.kh esa fpf=kr fd;k 
x;k gSA blesa biQdks (bafM;u iQkeZlZ 
iQfVZykbtlZ dksvkWijsfVo fyfeVsM] 
ubZ fnYyh ¹jSad çFkeº_ xqtjkr LVsV 
dksvkWijsfVo feYd ,aM ekdZsfVax 
isQMjs'ku (thlh,e,e,iQ)] vk.kan] 
xqtjkr ¹jSad nwljkº_ Ñ"kd Hkkjrh 
dksvkWijsfVo fyfeVsM (ÑHkdks)] ubZ 
fnYyh ¹jSad rhljkº_ lkr jkT; lgdkjh 
cSad] vFkkZr~ osQjy] egkjkԻ] dukZVd] 
vkaèkz çns'k] eè; çns'k] xqtjkr vkSj 
lgdkjh m|ferk dk y{; 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ 
lapkyu esa j.kuhfrd çcaèku] 
jpukRedrk vkSj uokpkj 
dks c<+kok nsuk gSA lgdkjh 
lfefr osQ ikl ,drk osQ 
mís';ksa dks çkIr djus osQ fy, 
xfr'khy 'kklh lajpuk] ;ksX;] 
l{ke vkSj çfrc¼ ekuo 
lalkèku vkSj vR;kèkqfud 
çcaèku ç.kkyh gksuh pkfg,A
37 ????? 2023
mÙkj çns'k_ pkj 'kgjh lgdkjh cSad% lkjLor lgdkjh cSad] 
eqacbZ_ Vhts,lch lgdkjh cSad] Bk.ks_ dkWlekWl lgdkjh cSad] 
iq.ks_ vkSj ,lohlh lgdkjh cSad] egkjk‘ª_ vkSj nks çkFkfed 
lfefr;ka] vFkkZr~ cqy<k.kk vcZu dksvkWijsfVo ØsfMV lkslk;Vh] 
egkjk‘ª] vkSj ;wjkyqaxy yscj dkWUVªSDV dks&vkWijsfVo lkslk;Vh 
fyfeVsM (;w,ylhlh,l)] osQjy 'kkfey gSaA 
vFkZO;oLFkk osQ mHkjrs {ks=kksa tSls fofuekZ.k] lsokvksa] 
uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ] i;ZVu] ifjogu] gFkdj?kk] gLrdyk] 
LokLF;] Nk=k@ifjlj miHkksDrk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa vkfn esa 
lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ xBu vkSj iks"k.k osQ fy, ,d fo'kky 
vç;qDr {kerk ekStwn gSA blosQ vfrfjDr] lekt dY;k.k 
{ks=k esa vikj {kerk gS] tks vkerkSj ij vU; çdkj osQ futh 
m|e osQ vkfFkZd :i ls vkxs c<+us esa laHko ugha gSA lgdkjh 
lfefr;ksa dk vf}rh; fcØh çLrko (;w,lih) ^ykHk ij yksxksa 
dh çèkkurk*] vius lnL;ksa dks LoSfPNd :i ls dke ij 
yxkus osQ ekè;e ls •pZ cpkuk laHko gSA
lgdkjh m|ferk
lgdkjh m|ferk lkewfgd ;k la;qDr m|ferk dk ,d 
:i gSA ^lgdkjh m|eh* ,d lkekftd usrk osQ vykok vkSj 
oqQN ugha gS] tks fo'kq¼ :i ls O;fDrxr ykHk osQ ctk;] 
yksdrkaf=kd rjhosQ ls O;kolkf;d ekeyksa osQ çcaèku osQ 
fy, et+cwr j.kuhfr rS;kj djus dh n`f‘ j•rk gSA lgdkjh 
usrk et+cwr n`<+ ladYi vkSj çfrc¼rk osQ lkFk dke djrs 
gSa] uokpkj dh {kerk j•rs gSa vkSj :f<+xr lksp ls fHkUu 
gksdj tksf•e ysus dh bPNk j•rs gSaA lgdkjh m|ferk rHkh 
laHko gks ldrh gS] tc leku fopkjèkkjk vkSj lgh lksp 
okys O;fDr;ksa dk ,d lewg ,d lkFk] ,dtqV gksdj vius 
lalkèkuksa dks bdV~Bk djosQ O;kikj m|e dks liQy vkSj thoar 
cukus osQ fy, feydj dke djus dk fu.kZ; ysrk gSA
lgdkjh osQ lnL; & pkgs miHkksDrk gksa] Jfed gksa ;k 
mRiknd & O;olk; osQ ekfyd gksus osQ lkFk&lkFk oLrqvksa 
vkSj lsokvksa osQ mi;ksxdrkZ Hkh gksrs gSaA lgdkjh lfefr ,d 
lnL;] ,d oksV osQ vkèkkj ij 'kkflr dh tkrh gSA lnL;ksa  
}kjk yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu lgdkjh ekWMy dh lcls cM+h 'kfDr;ksa 
esa ls ,d gSA vfèkdrj] lgdkjh lfefr;ksa esa tksf•e dh 
çÑfr vkSj vfèk'ks"k dk forj.k lnL;ksa vkSj 'ks;jèkkjdksa osQ 
chp leku :i ls lk>k fd;k tkrk gSA lgdkjh m|e dh 
LFkk;h çfrLièkkZ osQ fy,] fiQj pkgs og lgdkjh lfefr] futh 
oaQiuh] LVkVZ&vi ;k ;gka rd fd ekfydkuk m|e 'kq: djus 
osQ fy, O;kogkfjd O;olk; ;kstuk dh iwoZ&vko';drk 
gksxhA laiw.kZ m|e'khyrk çfØ;k osQ fy, fuEufyf•r dne 
vko';d gSaA
volj dh igpku
laiw.kZ m|e'khyrk çfØ;k osQ fy, ,d O;kogkfjd 
O;olk; ;kstuk vko';d gSA lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ fuekZ.k 
osQ voljksa dks •kstus osQ fy, lkeqnkf;d leL;kvksa dks gy 
djuk vkSj {ks=kh; #>kuksa dk voyksdu djuk nks çHkkoh rjhosQ 
gSaA tc cktkj dh foiQyrk dh çfrfØ;k esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa 
dh LFkkiuk dh tkrh gS] rc bls ^leL;kvksa dks gy djuk* 
dgk tkrk gSA {ks=kh; #>kuksa osQ vuqlkj m|eh lgdkjh :i 
ls vfodflr {ks=kksa esa ,d liQy n`f‘dks.k dk iqu#Riknu 
dj ldrs gSaA
laxBukRed fMtkbu
çkjafHkd çorZdksa vkSj usrkvksa }kjk O;kolkf;d fopkj 
esa O;kolkf;d {kerk gksus dh ckr le>us ij] vxyk 
dne fuEufyf•r igyqvksa osQ lkFk laxBukRed fMtkbu dks 
ifjHkkf"kr djuk gS%
 y mís';% m|e osQ lkeus mís'; osQ osQaæ le>s tkus okys 
(lnL;ksa vkSj xzkgdksa osQ fy,) vko';drkvksa dks crkrs 
gq, Li‘ :i ls y{; vkSj mís'; dks js•kafdr djsaA
38 ????? 2023
rkfydk 1% lgdkjh fodkl osQ fy, ea=kky;&okj vkSj {ks=k&okj ;kstuk,a
Ø- {ks=k ea=kky;@foHkkx ykxw ;kstuk,a
1 Ms;jh
eRL;ikyu] i'kqikyu 
vkSj Ms;jh
 y i'kqikyu volajpuk fodkl fufèk
 y Ms;jh lgdkjh lfefr;ksa vkSj fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa osQ leFkZu esa jk‘ªh; i'kqèku fe'ku
2
eNyh 
ikyu
 y ekfRL;dh vkSj ,DokdYpj volajpuk fodkl fufèk 
 y çèkkuea=kh eRL; laink ;kstuk
3
gFkdj?kk 
vkSj
gLrf'kYi
diM+k
 y jk‘ªh; gFkdj?kk fodkl dk;ZØe
 y gFkdj?kk cqudj O;kid dY;k.k ;kstuk
 y vEcsMdj gLrf'kYi fodkl ;kstuk
 y gFkdj?kk lewg fodkl dk;ZØe & gFkdj?kk esxk lewg
 y js'ke m|ksx osQ fodkl osQ fy, ,dhÑr ;kstuk
 y esxk&baVhxzsVsM VsDlVkby {ks=k vkSj viSjy ikdZ
 y ,dhÑr Åu fodkl dk;ZØe_ ikoj ywe DyLVj fodkl ;kstuk
 y mÙkj&iwoZ oL=k laoèkZu ;kstuk_ jk‘ªh; gLrf'kYi fodkl dk;ZØe
 y gLrf'kYi DyLVj fodkl dk;ZØe & gLrf'kYi esxk DyLVj
4 ,e,l,ebZ
 y ikjaifjd m|ksxksa osQ iqutZuu osQ fy, dks"k dh ;kstuk
 y lkSj pj•k fe'ku_ •knh xzkeks|ksx fodkl ;kstuk
5 vYila[;d ekeys y fodkl osQ fy, ikjaifjd dykvksa@f'kYiksa esa dkS'ky mUu;u vkSj çf'k{k.k
6
LokLF;
vk;q"k
 y vk;qKkZu osQ fy, osQaæh; {ks=k dh ;kstuk
 y vkS"kèkh; ikSèkksa osQ laj{k.k] fodkl vkSj lrr çcaèku osQ fy, osQaæh; {ks=k dh ;kstuk
 y jkԻh; vk;q"k fe'ku
7
LokLF; vkSj ifjokj 
dY;k.k
 y çèkkuea=kh vk;q"eku Hkkjr LokLF; volajpuk fe'ku
 y jk‘ªh; fMftVy LokLF; fe'ku vk;q"eku Hkkjr & çèkkuea=kh tu vkjksX; ;kstuk
8
i;ZVu 
vkSj 
ifjogu
ukxfjd mM~M;u y Ñf"k mM+ku ;kstuk
9 i;ZVu y rhFkZ;k=kk dk;kdYi vkSj vkè;kfRed] fojklr o`f¼ vfHk;ku
10
Hkkjh m|ksx vkSj 
lkoZtfud m|e
 y Hkkjrh; ;kstuk esa (gkbfczM vkSj bysfDVªd) okgu dk rst+ vaxhdj.k vkSj fuekZ.k
11
efgyk,a] 
,llh] 
,lVh] 
vkfnoklh 
vkfnA
tutkrh; ekeys y vuqlwfpr tutkfr;ksa osQ fodkl osQ fy, dk;ZØe (çèkkuea=kh oucaèkq dY;k.k ;kstuk)
12
lkekftd U;k; vkSj 
vfèkdkfjrk
 y oafpr bdkbZ lewg vkSj oxks± dh vkfFkZd lgk;rk ;kstuk
 y çèkkuea=kh n{k vkSj oqQ'kyrk laiUu fgrxzkgh ;kstuk
 y Mh,uVh@,uVh@,l,uVh osQ vkfFkZd l'kDrhdj.k osQ fy, ;kstuk
 y vkthfodk vkSj m|e osQ fy, misf{kr O;fDr;ksa dks lgk;rk
13 vYila[;d ekeys y vYila[;d efgykvksa osQ usr`Ro fodkl osQ fy, ubZ jks'kuh ;kstuk
14
i;kZoj.k 
vkSj tSo 
fofoèkrk 
i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj 
tyok;q ifjorZu
 y gfjr Hkkjr osQ fy, jkԻh; fe'ku
 y jkԻh; rVh; fe'ku
15
uohu vkSj  
uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ
 y tSo ÅtkZ dk;ZØe& ck;ks ikoj (vkWiQ&fxzM)
 y tSo ÅtkZ dk;ZØe& ck;ksxSl dk;ZØe (vkWiQ&fxzM)
 y iou vkSj vU; uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ osQ fy, dk;ZØe
 y lkSj ÅtkZ% lksyj ikoj (fxzM) vkSj lksyj ikoj (vkWiQ&fxzM)
16
mRiknd@
oLrq
•k| çlaLdj.k 
m|ksx
 y lw{e •k| çlaLdj.k m|eksa dh vkSipkfjdrk osQ fy, ;kstuk
 y ih,e fdlku lEink (Ñf"k&leqæh çlaLdj.k vkSj Ñf"k&çlaLdj.k DyLVj fodkl 
osQ fy, ;kstuk)
17
Ñf"k vkSj fdlku 
dY;k.k
 y jk‘ªh; eèkqeD•h ikyu 'kgn fe'ku
 y ckxokuh osQ ,dhÑr fodkl osQ fy, fe'ku
 y iwokZsÙkj {ks=k osQ fy, tSfod ewY;  Ük`a•yk fodkl ij fe'ku
(lzksr% ys•d dk ladyu www.indiabudget.gov.in ls lkHkkj)
39 ????? 2023
 y lk>k mís';% laLFkkid lnL;ksa vkSj çorZdksa dks lgdkfjrk 
osQ fy, fuèkkZfjr mís';ksa ij lger gksuk pkfg,A
 y LokfeRo lajpuk% lgdkjh osQ lnL;rk çdkj (mnkgj.k 
osQ fy,] Jfed] xzkgd vkSj leqnk;)] lnL;ksa dh 
igpku ;k oxhZdj.k osQ rjhosQ (mnkgj.k osQ fy,] 'ks;jksa 
dh •jhn osQ ekè;e ls)] vkSj ifjlaifÙk osQ LokfeRo 
çdkj (lkekU; :i ls ;k la;qDr :i ls) ij Li‘rk 
vkuh pkfg,A
 y yksdrkaf=kd 'kklu% 'kklu dh ç.kkfy;ksa dks Li‘ :i 
ls js•kafdr fd;k tkuk pkfg, & mnkgj.k osQ fy,] 
lgdkfjrk osQ 'kklu esa lnL;ksa dh Hkkxhnkjh (cSBdksa 
vkSj okf"kZd vke lHkk dh cSBdksa (,th,e) esa ernku] 
funs'kd eaMy dk p;u] cksMZ osQ fu.kZ; ysus osQ rkSj&rjhosQ 
lkIrkfgd ;k ekfld cSBosQa vkfnA
 y vfèk'ks"k dk forj.k% laxBu dks lgdkjh lfefr osQ 
vfèk'ks"k esa ls lnL;ksa dh ik=krk] O;kolkf;d fu.kZ;ksa esa 
Hkkx ysus osQ rjhosQ] {kfriwfrZ lajpuk rS;kj djuk] HkaMkj 
cuk, j•uk] vfèk'ks"k èku dks lgdkjh lfefr esa fuos'k 
djuk vkfn dks ifjHkkf"kr djus dh vko';drk gSA
 y lnL;rk% lnL;ksa] lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ lkFk muosQ 
lacaèkksa] lgdkjh esa 'kkfey gksus dh çfØ;k vkSj lnL;rk 
çkIr djus osQ ihNs osQ vfHk;ku ij Li‘rk vko';d 
gSA leqnk;] i;kZoj.k] deZpkfj;ksa] miHkksDrkvksa vkSj 
vkiwfrZdrkZvksa lfgr lgdkjh vius fofHkUu fgLlsnkjksa 
osQ lkFk oSQls laidZ djrk gS] bl ij fopkj djuk 
vko';d gSA
 y iwathxr vko';drk,a% foÙk iks"k.k osQ Ïksr tSls lnL;ksa 
ls 'ks;jksa ;k ½.kksa osQ :i esa èku] fo'ks"k lgdkjh 
fufèk;ksa ls ½.k] lgdkjh fodkl laxBuksa ls vuqnku] 
okf.kfT;d mèkkjnkrkvksa ls ½.k vkfn dks ifjHkkf"kr djus 
dh vko';drk gSA
O;ogk;Zrk vè;;u vkSj O;olk; ;kstuk
O;olk; j.kuhfr osQ fuekZ.k osQ lkFk vkxs c<+us ls igys] 
lgdkjh çorZdksa dh Vhe dks O;ogk;Zrk vè;;u ;k fo'ys"k.k 
djuk pkfg,A yf{kr cktkj vè;;u fd;k tk ldrk gS] ftlesa 
cktkj dk vkdkj] xzkgd foHkktu] çfr;ksfxrk fo'ys"k.k] 
laHkkfor miHkksDrkvksa osQ ilan vkSj çkFkfedrk,a vkSj orZeku 
cktkj #>ku 'kkfey gksaxsA O;olk; fu;kstu vH;kl dks 
fuEufyf•r ij fopkj djus dh vko';drk gS%
 y nh?kZdkfyd vkSj vYidkfyd mís';ksa dh j.kuhfrd leh{kk
 y foi.ku dh ;kstuk
 y lapkyukRed ;kstuk & ftl rjg ls lalkèkuksa dk l`tu 
vkSj mi;ksx fd;k tk,xk
 y mRiknksa vkSj lsokvksa dk iksVZiQksfy;ks & ftl rjg ls 
jktLo mRiUu gksxk] ykxr dk çcaèku vkSj fd, tkus 
okys fuos'kA
 y iwath tqVkuk
lgdkfjrk osQ fy, ,d mi;qDr dkuwuh :i pquuk 
m|e'khyrk dh çfØ;k dk vxyk pj.k gSA ;fn cgq&jkT; ;k 
jkT;&Lrjh; lgdkjh lfefr gS] rks çorZd lgdkjh lfefr;ksa 
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