Yojana Magazine September 2022 - 1 | Monthly Yojana & Kurukshetra Magazine (English) - UPSC PDF Download

 Page 1


Lead
Counter-Terrorism Scenario in J&K 
Dr Sameer Patil
SPeCIaL 
Tryst with Cinematic Paradise 
Nitishwar Kumar
FoCuS
ushering Investments 
Rohit Kansal, Dipankar Sengupta
SPeCIaL ISSue
J&K and Ladakh
SePTember 2022 a deveL oP menT monThL y
ISSN-0971-8400
Page 2


Lead
Counter-Terrorism Scenario in J&K 
Dr Sameer Patil
SPeCIaL 
Tryst with Cinematic Paradise 
Nitishwar Kumar
FoCuS
ushering Investments 
Rohit Kansal, Dipankar Sengupta
SPeCIaL ISSue
J&K and Ladakh
SePTember 2022 a deveL oP menT monThL y
ISSN-0971-8400
September 2022
YOJANA
Volume-66
No. 09
A DEVELOPMENT MONTHLY
Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides.
Rig Veda
Website: www.publicationsdivision.nic.in
@DPD_India
@publicationsdivision
@dpd_india
In ThIs Issue
number of pages: 72
nexT Issue: Our e c Osys Tem
Details of the Sales Outlets of the Publications Division on Page 66
YOJANA is published in Assamese, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, 
Marathi, Odia, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
Since 1957
regulars
Devel OpmenT rO aDmap: Towards Ease of Living ............................................. 22
Our bOOks: Indian Armed Forces in World War-I ....................................... Cover-III
leaD ar TIcle
COUnTEr-TErr Oris M  
sCEn AriO in J&K 
Dr sameer Patil ................................7
FOcuS
UsHErinG invE sTMEn Ts 
r ohit Kansal, Dipankar sengupta ......13
specIal ar TIcle
Trys T wiTH CinEMATiC PArADis E 
nitishwar Kumar ............................18
sUs TAinABlE TOUrisM 
Avinash Mishra,  
Madhubanti Dutta ......................... 24
ATMAnirBHAr lADAKH : 
EDUCATiOn & sKillinG 
Padma Angmo ............................... 31
BriDGinG THE DiGiTAl DiviDE 
ishfaq Majid,  
Dr y vijaya lakshmi ........................ 38
FOsTErin G Ms MEs An D Ar Tis Ans 
sameera saurabh .......................... 43
Bl OOMinG BUsinE ss OF 
lA vEnDEr 
Dr sumeet Gairola ......................... 46
UnivErs Al HEAl TH COvErAGE  
in J&K 
yasin M Choudhary ........................ 51
wHErE sKy is nOT THE liMiT 
Dr vinay Kumar .............................. 57
KAsHMir: POETry AnD Mys TiCisM 
Dr namrata Chaturvedi ................. 61
DOGri liTErATUrE 
rajeshwar singh ‘raju’ .................. 65
EDitoR 
shuchIT a cha TurveDI
JoiNt DiREctoR , PRoDuctioN 
D k c hruDhaIna Th c ovER DESigN
neeraj rIDlaan
our rePreSenT aTIveS 
Ahmedabad: sumanben A Machhar , Bengaluru: 
BK Kiranmai, Bhubaneswar: itishree singh rathaur , 
Chennai: sanjay Ghosh, Guwahati: Maruf Alam, 
Hyderabad: Krishna vandana P , Jalandhar: Gagandeep 
Kaur Devgan, Kolkata: Khurshid Mallick, Mumbai: 
Umesh Ujgare: Thiruvananthapuram: roy Chacko.
Yojana (English): r oom no. 647, soochna Bhawan, 
CGO Complex, lodhi r oad, new Delhi-110 003.  
E-mail (Editorial): sec-yojanaeng-moib@gov.in
YOJANA, a development monthly published since 
1957, is a theme-based journal providing in-depth 
analyses and views on socio-economic issues in 
the broader framework of government policies. 
Although published by the Ministry of information 
and Broadcasting, YOJANA is not restricted to 
expressing the official point of view.
DIsclaImer
l 	 The 	 vie ws 	 e xpre sse d 	 in 	 various 	 articles 	 are	
those 	 of 	 the 	 authors 	 and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 ne c essarily	
re flect 	 the 	 vie ws 	 of 	 the 	 Go vernme n t 	 or 	 the	
organisation/ s 	 the y 	 work 	 f or .
l Map s/flags 	 use d 	 in 	 the 	 article s 	 are 	 only 	 indic ative 	
and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 re flect 	 the 	 politic al 	 map 	 or 	 le gal	
re presen t ation 	 of 	 the 	 flag 	 of 	 India/an y 	 othe r	
c oun try .
l The 	 inf ographics/figure s 	 are 	 pro vide d 	 b y 	 the	
authors 	 through 	 the ir 	 re liable 	 sourc e s 	 and	
YOJANA 	 claims 	 no 	 re sponsibility 	 f or 	 the 	 same.
l Image s, 	 graphics 	 and 	 illus trations, 	 whe re ve r	
use d, 	 are 	 mos tly 	 sourc ed 	 from 	 go vernme n t	
channels 	 and 	 are 	 indic ative 	 in 	 nature .
l YOJANA 	does 	not 	o wn 	re sponsibility 	re garding	
the 	 c on t e n ts 	 of 	 the 	 adve rtise men ts. 	 The 	 re aders	
are 	 re que s t e d 	 t o 	 ve rify 	 the 	 claims 	 made 	 in 	 the	
adve rtise men ts 	 re garding 	 c ourse s, 	 c are e r -
guidanc e 	 book s 	 or 	 ins titutions.
l YOJANA doesn't 	 e ndorse 	 or 	 promot e 	 an y 	 brands	
or 	 privat e 	 e n titie s 	 prese n t ed 	 as 	 c ase 	 s tudie s 	 in 	 an y	 
of 	 the 	 article s.
subscrIp TIOn/grIevances
email: pdjucir@gmail.com 
Phone: 011-24367453  
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 am- 6:00 pm)
postal address: Abhishek chaturvedi, Editor, 
Journals Unit, Publications Division, r oom n o. 
779, soochna Bhawan, CGO Complex, lodhi 
r oad, new Delhi-110 003.
Please	 not e	 that	 it	 will	 t ak e	 atleas t	 eigh t	
week s	 t o	 s t art	 your	 sub scrip tion.	 Kindly	 raise	 
your	 queries/grie vanc es	 about	 non	 rec eip t	 of	 the	
journals	only	aft er	this	period.
SuBScRIPTION-RELATED DETAILS : Page 69
SPeCIaL ISSue
Page 3


Lead
Counter-Terrorism Scenario in J&K 
Dr Sameer Patil
SPeCIaL 
Tryst with Cinematic Paradise 
Nitishwar Kumar
FoCuS
ushering Investments 
Rohit Kansal, Dipankar Sengupta
SPeCIaL ISSue
J&K and Ladakh
SePTember 2022 a deveL oP menT monThL y
ISSN-0971-8400
September 2022
YOJANA
Volume-66
No. 09
A DEVELOPMENT MONTHLY
Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides.
Rig Veda
Website: www.publicationsdivision.nic.in
@DPD_India
@publicationsdivision
@dpd_india
In ThIs Issue
number of pages: 72
nexT Issue: Our e c Osys Tem
Details of the Sales Outlets of the Publications Division on Page 66
YOJANA is published in Assamese, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, 
Marathi, Odia, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
Since 1957
regulars
Devel OpmenT rO aDmap: Towards Ease of Living ............................................. 22
Our bOOks: Indian Armed Forces in World War-I ....................................... Cover-III
leaD ar TIcle
COUnTEr-TErr Oris M  
sCEn AriO in J&K 
Dr sameer Patil ................................7
FOcuS
UsHErinG invE sTMEn Ts 
r ohit Kansal, Dipankar sengupta ......13
specIal ar TIcle
Trys T wiTH CinEMATiC PArADis E 
nitishwar Kumar ............................18
sUs TAinABlE TOUrisM 
Avinash Mishra,  
Madhubanti Dutta ......................... 24
ATMAnirBHAr lADAKH : 
EDUCATiOn & sKillinG 
Padma Angmo ............................... 31
BriDGinG THE DiGiTAl DiviDE 
ishfaq Majid,  
Dr y vijaya lakshmi ........................ 38
FOsTErin G Ms MEs An D Ar Tis Ans 
sameera saurabh .......................... 43
Bl OOMinG BUsinE ss OF 
lA vEnDEr 
Dr sumeet Gairola ......................... 46
UnivErs Al HEAl TH COvErAGE  
in J&K 
yasin M Choudhary ........................ 51
wHErE sKy is nOT THE liMiT 
Dr vinay Kumar .............................. 57
KAsHMir: POETry AnD Mys TiCisM 
Dr namrata Chaturvedi ................. 61
DOGri liTErATUrE 
rajeshwar singh ‘raju’ .................. 65
EDitoR 
shuchIT a cha TurveDI
JoiNt DiREctoR , PRoDuctioN 
D k c hruDhaIna Th c ovER DESigN
neeraj rIDlaan
our rePreSenT aTIveS 
Ahmedabad: sumanben A Machhar , Bengaluru: 
BK Kiranmai, Bhubaneswar: itishree singh rathaur , 
Chennai: sanjay Ghosh, Guwahati: Maruf Alam, 
Hyderabad: Krishna vandana P , Jalandhar: Gagandeep 
Kaur Devgan, Kolkata: Khurshid Mallick, Mumbai: 
Umesh Ujgare: Thiruvananthapuram: roy Chacko.
Yojana (English): r oom no. 647, soochna Bhawan, 
CGO Complex, lodhi r oad, new Delhi-110 003.  
E-mail (Editorial): sec-yojanaeng-moib@gov.in
YOJANA, a development monthly published since 
1957, is a theme-based journal providing in-depth 
analyses and views on socio-economic issues in 
the broader framework of government policies. 
Although published by the Ministry of information 
and Broadcasting, YOJANA is not restricted to 
expressing the official point of view.
DIsclaImer
l 	 The 	 vie ws 	 e xpre sse d 	 in 	 various 	 articles 	 are	
those 	 of 	 the 	 authors 	 and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 ne c essarily	
re flect 	 the 	 vie ws 	 of 	 the 	 Go vernme n t 	 or 	 the	
organisation/ s 	 the y 	 work 	 f or .
l Map s/flags 	 use d 	 in 	 the 	 article s 	 are 	 only 	 indic ative 	
and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 re flect 	 the 	 politic al 	 map 	 or 	 le gal	
re presen t ation 	 of 	 the 	 flag 	 of 	 India/an y 	 othe r	
c oun try .
l The 	 inf ographics/figure s 	 are 	 pro vide d 	 b y 	 the	
authors 	 through 	 the ir 	 re liable 	 sourc e s 	 and	
YOJANA 	 claims 	 no 	 re sponsibility 	 f or 	 the 	 same.
l Image s, 	 graphics 	 and 	 illus trations, 	 whe re ve r	
use d, 	 are 	 mos tly 	 sourc ed 	 from 	 go vernme n t	
channels 	 and 	 are 	 indic ative 	 in 	 nature .
l YOJANA 	does 	not 	o wn 	re sponsibility 	re garding	
the 	 c on t e n ts 	 of 	 the 	 adve rtise men ts. 	 The 	 re aders	
are 	 re que s t e d 	 t o 	 ve rify 	 the 	 claims 	 made 	 in 	 the	
adve rtise men ts 	 re garding 	 c ourse s, 	 c are e r -
guidanc e 	 book s 	 or 	 ins titutions.
l YOJANA doesn't 	 e ndorse 	 or 	 promot e 	 an y 	 brands	
or 	 privat e 	 e n titie s 	 prese n t ed 	 as 	 c ase 	 s tudie s 	 in 	 an y	 
of 	 the 	 article s.
subscrIp TIOn/grIevances
email: pdjucir@gmail.com 
Phone: 011-24367453  
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 am- 6:00 pm)
postal address: Abhishek chaturvedi, Editor, 
Journals Unit, Publications Division, r oom n o. 
779, soochna Bhawan, CGO Complex, lodhi 
r oad, new Delhi-110 003.
Please	 not e	 that	 it	 will	 t ak e	 atleas t	 eigh t	
week s	 t o	 s t art	 your	 sub scrip tion.	 Kindly	 raise	 
your	 queries/grie vanc es	 about	 non	 rec eip t	 of	 the	
journals	only	aft er	this	period.
SuBScRIPTION-RELATED DETAILS : Page 69
SPeCIaL ISSue
YOJANA   September 2022 5
Editorial
YOJANA
The Land of Confluence
O
n 5 August 2019, when the Home Minister of India introduced 
two bills and two resolutions in the Parliament regarding 
Jammu & Kashmir, it was a landmark move to strengthen democracy 
in the region and making it ‘a true part of India in letter and spirit.’  
This was seen as a gigantic step towards long-term development, 
enhancing socio-economic infrastructure, and bringing economic 
opportunities for the local populace in Jammu & Kashmir and 
Ladakh region. Though initially, in a teething phase, it was marked 
by uncertainty and restlessness among the locals, the region with the 
rest of the nation was certainly witnessing a history in making. 
Believed to be a game-changer, this step, as the Prime Minister 
often says, was aimed to ‘embrace the land by embracing its people 
as one’s own.’ This was reflected in the action on the ground with 
focused intent and time-bound outcomes. To counter terrorism in J&K and re-establish peace in the region, 
the government is strategising and acting on a multi-pronged approach that includes nipping the cross-
border terrorism in bud, foiling infiltration attempts, identifying and dealing with terrorist sympathisers, 
taking humanitarian measure, and pro-actively countering anti-India propaganda. 
In the healthcare sector, AB-PMJAY SEHAT was introduced in 2020 to provide health insurance to 
all residents of Jammu and Kashmir. During the peak of Covid-19 pandemic, resilience of health care 
workers in the region was applauded internationally for the vaccination coverage even in the far-flung 
areas. To boost the health infrastructure in the region, AIIMS in Jammu and Awantipora are in pipeline 
along with seven new medical colleges. These Institutes of Higher Learning including IITs and AIIMS 
are expected to provide world-class opportunities to the local youth. Various skilling initiatives in the 
region are also equipping them to hone their skills and enhancing their employability while staying close 
to their homes.
Connectivity through all-weather roads, rail, ropeways, and tunnels is bridging the gaps that existed 
between the erstwhile three separate regions thus bringing people closer and adding to the tourist inflow 
in the region. This accessibility has further given a greater push to new investment opportunities. With 
this thrust on infrastructure, new industrial policy initiatives, and the end of constitutional uncertainty, 
investments are ushering in the sectors including industries, horticulture, and handicrafts ensuring 
employment opportunities and giving a fillip to young entrepreneurs. 
The region is blessed with bountiful beauty and rich culture that continue to prosper. Shikaras and 
houseboats make their way through the pristine waters of the Dal, the Bahu Fort keeps gauging the waters of 
Tawi, and the confluence of Zanskar and Indus is mesmerising as ever. Converging a multitude of schools of 
thought, culture, and religious beliefs, the region, and its people, have contributed immensely to the culture, 
history, literature, and philosophy in India. Mysticism that propagated on this land in various time-periods, 
forms, and through myriad beliefs is imbibed in the milieu of art, aesthetics, and way of living in the region. 
This issue of Yojana is a way to revisit the land and its people in the light of the development that changed 
its history and geography. As the mystic Yogini, Lal Ded, summed it up profoundly, there exists a sublime 
constant in this ever-changing life, and beyond—
a’ sii aa’ sy ta a’ sii aasav...
In time past, we were; / In time future, we shall be; / Throughout the ages, we have been.
For ever the sun rises and sets; / For ever Siva creates, dissolves, / and creates again.                                ?
Page 4


Lead
Counter-Terrorism Scenario in J&K 
Dr Sameer Patil
SPeCIaL 
Tryst with Cinematic Paradise 
Nitishwar Kumar
FoCuS
ushering Investments 
Rohit Kansal, Dipankar Sengupta
SPeCIaL ISSue
J&K and Ladakh
SePTember 2022 a deveL oP menT monThL y
ISSN-0971-8400
September 2022
YOJANA
Volume-66
No. 09
A DEVELOPMENT MONTHLY
Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides.
Rig Veda
Website: www.publicationsdivision.nic.in
@DPD_India
@publicationsdivision
@dpd_india
In ThIs Issue
number of pages: 72
nexT Issue: Our e c Osys Tem
Details of the Sales Outlets of the Publications Division on Page 66
YOJANA is published in Assamese, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, 
Marathi, Odia, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
Since 1957
regulars
Devel OpmenT rO aDmap: Towards Ease of Living ............................................. 22
Our bOOks: Indian Armed Forces in World War-I ....................................... Cover-III
leaD ar TIcle
COUnTEr-TErr Oris M  
sCEn AriO in J&K 
Dr sameer Patil ................................7
FOcuS
UsHErinG invE sTMEn Ts 
r ohit Kansal, Dipankar sengupta ......13
specIal ar TIcle
Trys T wiTH CinEMATiC PArADis E 
nitishwar Kumar ............................18
sUs TAinABlE TOUrisM 
Avinash Mishra,  
Madhubanti Dutta ......................... 24
ATMAnirBHAr lADAKH : 
EDUCATiOn & sKillinG 
Padma Angmo ............................... 31
BriDGinG THE DiGiTAl DiviDE 
ishfaq Majid,  
Dr y vijaya lakshmi ........................ 38
FOsTErin G Ms MEs An D Ar Tis Ans 
sameera saurabh .......................... 43
Bl OOMinG BUsinE ss OF 
lA vEnDEr 
Dr sumeet Gairola ......................... 46
UnivErs Al HEAl TH COvErAGE  
in J&K 
yasin M Choudhary ........................ 51
wHErE sKy is nOT THE liMiT 
Dr vinay Kumar .............................. 57
KAsHMir: POETry AnD Mys TiCisM 
Dr namrata Chaturvedi ................. 61
DOGri liTErATUrE 
rajeshwar singh ‘raju’ .................. 65
EDitoR 
shuchIT a cha TurveDI
JoiNt DiREctoR , PRoDuctioN 
D k c hruDhaIna Th c ovER DESigN
neeraj rIDlaan
our rePreSenT aTIveS 
Ahmedabad: sumanben A Machhar , Bengaluru: 
BK Kiranmai, Bhubaneswar: itishree singh rathaur , 
Chennai: sanjay Ghosh, Guwahati: Maruf Alam, 
Hyderabad: Krishna vandana P , Jalandhar: Gagandeep 
Kaur Devgan, Kolkata: Khurshid Mallick, Mumbai: 
Umesh Ujgare: Thiruvananthapuram: roy Chacko.
Yojana (English): r oom no. 647, soochna Bhawan, 
CGO Complex, lodhi r oad, new Delhi-110 003.  
E-mail (Editorial): sec-yojanaeng-moib@gov.in
YOJANA, a development monthly published since 
1957, is a theme-based journal providing in-depth 
analyses and views on socio-economic issues in 
the broader framework of government policies. 
Although published by the Ministry of information 
and Broadcasting, YOJANA is not restricted to 
expressing the official point of view.
DIsclaImer
l 	 The 	 vie ws 	 e xpre sse d 	 in 	 various 	 articles 	 are	
those 	 of 	 the 	 authors 	 and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 ne c essarily	
re flect 	 the 	 vie ws 	 of 	 the 	 Go vernme n t 	 or 	 the	
organisation/ s 	 the y 	 work 	 f or .
l Map s/flags 	 use d 	 in 	 the 	 article s 	 are 	 only 	 indic ative 	
and 	 the y 	 do 	 not 	 re flect 	 the 	 politic al 	 map 	 or 	 le gal	
re presen t ation 	 of 	 the 	 flag 	 of 	 India/an y 	 othe r	
c oun try .
l The 	 inf ographics/figure s 	 are 	 pro vide d 	 b y 	 the	
authors 	 through 	 the ir 	 re liable 	 sourc e s 	 and	
YOJANA 	 claims 	 no 	 re sponsibility 	 f or 	 the 	 same.
l Image s, 	 graphics 	 and 	 illus trations, 	 whe re ve r	
use d, 	 are 	 mos tly 	 sourc ed 	 from 	 go vernme n t	
channels 	 and 	 are 	 indic ative 	 in 	 nature .
l YOJANA 	does 	not 	o wn 	re sponsibility 	re garding	
the 	 c on t e n ts 	 of 	 the 	 adve rtise men ts. 	 The 	 re aders	
are 	 re que s t e d 	 t o 	 ve rify 	 the 	 claims 	 made 	 in 	 the	
adve rtise men ts 	 re garding 	 c ourse s, 	 c are e r -
guidanc e 	 book s 	 or 	 ins titutions.
l YOJANA doesn't 	 e ndorse 	 or 	 promot e 	 an y 	 brands	
or 	 privat e 	 e n titie s 	 prese n t ed 	 as 	 c ase 	 s tudie s 	 in 	 an y	 
of 	 the 	 article s.
subscrIp TIOn/grIevances
email: pdjucir@gmail.com 
Phone: 011-24367453  
(Monday-Friday, 9:30 am- 6:00 pm)
postal address: Abhishek chaturvedi, Editor, 
Journals Unit, Publications Division, r oom n o. 
779, soochna Bhawan, CGO Complex, lodhi 
r oad, new Delhi-110 003.
Please	 not e	 that	 it	 will	 t ak e	 atleas t	 eigh t	
week s	 t o	 s t art	 your	 sub scrip tion.	 Kindly	 raise	 
your	 queries/grie vanc es	 about	 non	 rec eip t	 of	 the	
journals	only	aft er	this	period.
SuBScRIPTION-RELATED DETAILS : Page 69
SPeCIaL ISSue
YOJANA   September 2022 5
Editorial
YOJANA
The Land of Confluence
O
n 5 August 2019, when the Home Minister of India introduced 
two bills and two resolutions in the Parliament regarding 
Jammu & Kashmir, it was a landmark move to strengthen democracy 
in the region and making it ‘a true part of India in letter and spirit.’  
This was seen as a gigantic step towards long-term development, 
enhancing socio-economic infrastructure, and bringing economic 
opportunities for the local populace in Jammu & Kashmir and 
Ladakh region. Though initially, in a teething phase, it was marked 
by uncertainty and restlessness among the locals, the region with the 
rest of the nation was certainly witnessing a history in making. 
Believed to be a game-changer, this step, as the Prime Minister 
often says, was aimed to ‘embrace the land by embracing its people 
as one’s own.’ This was reflected in the action on the ground with 
focused intent and time-bound outcomes. To counter terrorism in J&K and re-establish peace in the region, 
the government is strategising and acting on a multi-pronged approach that includes nipping the cross-
border terrorism in bud, foiling infiltration attempts, identifying and dealing with terrorist sympathisers, 
taking humanitarian measure, and pro-actively countering anti-India propaganda. 
In the healthcare sector, AB-PMJAY SEHAT was introduced in 2020 to provide health insurance to 
all residents of Jammu and Kashmir. During the peak of Covid-19 pandemic, resilience of health care 
workers in the region was applauded internationally for the vaccination coverage even in the far-flung 
areas. To boost the health infrastructure in the region, AIIMS in Jammu and Awantipora are in pipeline 
along with seven new medical colleges. These Institutes of Higher Learning including IITs and AIIMS 
are expected to provide world-class opportunities to the local youth. Various skilling initiatives in the 
region are also equipping them to hone their skills and enhancing their employability while staying close 
to their homes.
Connectivity through all-weather roads, rail, ropeways, and tunnels is bridging the gaps that existed 
between the erstwhile three separate regions thus bringing people closer and adding to the tourist inflow 
in the region. This accessibility has further given a greater push to new investment opportunities. With 
this thrust on infrastructure, new industrial policy initiatives, and the end of constitutional uncertainty, 
investments are ushering in the sectors including industries, horticulture, and handicrafts ensuring 
employment opportunities and giving a fillip to young entrepreneurs. 
The region is blessed with bountiful beauty and rich culture that continue to prosper. Shikaras and 
houseboats make their way through the pristine waters of the Dal, the Bahu Fort keeps gauging the waters of 
Tawi, and the confluence of Zanskar and Indus is mesmerising as ever. Converging a multitude of schools of 
thought, culture, and religious beliefs, the region, and its people, have contributed immensely to the culture, 
history, literature, and philosophy in India. Mysticism that propagated on this land in various time-periods, 
forms, and through myriad beliefs is imbibed in the milieu of art, aesthetics, and way of living in the region. 
This issue of Yojana is a way to revisit the land and its people in the light of the development that changed 
its history and geography. As the mystic Yogini, Lal Ded, summed it up profoundly, there exists a sublime 
constant in this ever-changing life, and beyond—
a’ sii aa’ sy ta a’ sii aasav...
In time past, we were; / In time future, we shall be; / Throughout the ages, we have been.
For ever the sun rises and sets; / For ever Siva creates, dissolves, / and creates again.                                ?
ne of the most picturesque regions of India, 
the J&K UT, has been afflicted by the problem 
of cross-border terrorism, separatist violence 
and armed militancy for the last three decades. 
However, since the heydays of terrorist violence in the early 
1990s, this militancy has transformed radically. Various 
internal and external dynamics have impacted it, like the 
driving role of Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), 
evolution of Kashmir’s separatist politics, influence of  
pan-Islamic terrorist groups, and the emergence of 
social media. Consequently, the militancy in J&K today 
represents a qualitatively different challenge to the security 
establishment than in 1989 when scores of Kashmiri 
youth crossed the Line of Control (LoC) to train in 
Counter-Terrorism 
Scenario in J&K
Dr Sameer Patil
The author is a Senior Fellow at the Observer Research Foundation think tank. He has previously served in the National Security Council 
Secretariat. Email: sameer.patil@orfonline.org
The 5
th
 of August 2022, marked three years 
since the Government of India revoked 
the special status of the erstwhile State 
of Jammu and Kashmir and created two 
new Union Territories (UTs) of J&K and 
Ladakh.
1
 This constitutional change was a 
watershed moment for the region, marking 
a break from the past to herald a new 
administrative and security approach to 
this strategically-important region. Several 
initiatives implemented by the J&K UT 
administration and security-establishment 
since then demonstrate that a change is 
afoot on the ground, which offers hope for 
a better future. 
NatioNal Security
O
LEAD ARTICLE
YOJANA   September 2022 7
Tricolor at the iconic Lal Chowk, Srinagar
Page 5


Lead
Counter-Terrorism Scenario in J&K 
Dr Sameer Patil
SPeCIaL 
Tryst with Cinematic Paradise 
Nitishwar Kumar
FoCuS
ushering Investments 
Rohit Kansal, Dipankar Sengupta
SPeCIaL ISSue
J&K and Ladakh
SePTember 2022 a deveL oP menT monThL y
ISSN-0971-8400
September 2022
YOJANA
Volume-66
No. 09
A DEVELOPMENT MONTHLY
Let noble thoughts come to us from all sides.
Rig Veda
Website: www.publicationsdivision.nic.in
@DPD_India
@publicationsdivision
@dpd_india
In ThIs Issue
number of pages: 72
nexT Issue: Our e c Osys Tem
Details of the Sales Outlets of the Publications Division on Page 66
YOJANA is published in Assamese, Bengali, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, 
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Devel OpmenT rO aDmap: Towards Ease of Living ............................................. 22
Our bOOks: Indian Armed Forces in World War-I ....................................... Cover-III
leaD ar TIcle
COUnTEr-TErr Oris M  
sCEn AriO in J&K 
Dr sameer Patil ................................7
FOcuS
UsHErinG invE sTMEn Ts 
r ohit Kansal, Dipankar sengupta ......13
specIal ar TIcle
Trys T wiTH CinEMATiC PArADis E 
nitishwar Kumar ............................18
sUs TAinABlE TOUrisM 
Avinash Mishra,  
Madhubanti Dutta ......................... 24
ATMAnirBHAr lADAKH : 
EDUCATiOn & sKillinG 
Padma Angmo ............................... 31
BriDGinG THE DiGiTAl DiviDE 
ishfaq Majid,  
Dr y vijaya lakshmi ........................ 38
FOsTErin G Ms MEs An D Ar Tis Ans 
sameera saurabh .......................... 43
Bl OOMinG BUsinE ss OF 
lA vEnDEr 
Dr sumeet Gairola ......................... 46
UnivErs Al HEAl TH COvErAGE  
in J&K 
yasin M Choudhary ........................ 51
wHErE sKy is nOT THE liMiT 
Dr vinay Kumar .............................. 57
KAsHMir: POETry AnD Mys TiCisM 
Dr namrata Chaturvedi ................. 61
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rajeshwar singh ‘raju’ .................. 65
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SPeCIaL ISSue
YOJANA   September 2022 5
Editorial
YOJANA
The Land of Confluence
O
n 5 August 2019, when the Home Minister of India introduced 
two bills and two resolutions in the Parliament regarding 
Jammu & Kashmir, it was a landmark move to strengthen democracy 
in the region and making it ‘a true part of India in letter and spirit.’  
This was seen as a gigantic step towards long-term development, 
enhancing socio-economic infrastructure, and bringing economic 
opportunities for the local populace in Jammu & Kashmir and 
Ladakh region. Though initially, in a teething phase, it was marked 
by uncertainty and restlessness among the locals, the region with the 
rest of the nation was certainly witnessing a history in making. 
Believed to be a game-changer, this step, as the Prime Minister 
often says, was aimed to ‘embrace the land by embracing its people 
as one’s own.’ This was reflected in the action on the ground with 
focused intent and time-bound outcomes. To counter terrorism in J&K and re-establish peace in the region, 
the government is strategising and acting on a multi-pronged approach that includes nipping the cross-
border terrorism in bud, foiling infiltration attempts, identifying and dealing with terrorist sympathisers, 
taking humanitarian measure, and pro-actively countering anti-India propaganda. 
In the healthcare sector, AB-PMJAY SEHAT was introduced in 2020 to provide health insurance to 
all residents of Jammu and Kashmir. During the peak of Covid-19 pandemic, resilience of health care 
workers in the region was applauded internationally for the vaccination coverage even in the far-flung 
areas. To boost the health infrastructure in the region, AIIMS in Jammu and Awantipora are in pipeline 
along with seven new medical colleges. These Institutes of Higher Learning including IITs and AIIMS 
are expected to provide world-class opportunities to the local youth. Various skilling initiatives in the 
region are also equipping them to hone their skills and enhancing their employability while staying close 
to their homes.
Connectivity through all-weather roads, rail, ropeways, and tunnels is bridging the gaps that existed 
between the erstwhile three separate regions thus bringing people closer and adding to the tourist inflow 
in the region. This accessibility has further given a greater push to new investment opportunities. With 
this thrust on infrastructure, new industrial policy initiatives, and the end of constitutional uncertainty, 
investments are ushering in the sectors including industries, horticulture, and handicrafts ensuring 
employment opportunities and giving a fillip to young entrepreneurs. 
The region is blessed with bountiful beauty and rich culture that continue to prosper. Shikaras and 
houseboats make their way through the pristine waters of the Dal, the Bahu Fort keeps gauging the waters of 
Tawi, and the confluence of Zanskar and Indus is mesmerising as ever. Converging a multitude of schools of 
thought, culture, and religious beliefs, the region, and its people, have contributed immensely to the culture, 
history, literature, and philosophy in India. Mysticism that propagated on this land in various time-periods, 
forms, and through myriad beliefs is imbibed in the milieu of art, aesthetics, and way of living in the region. 
This issue of Yojana is a way to revisit the land and its people in the light of the development that changed 
its history and geography. As the mystic Yogini, Lal Ded, summed it up profoundly, there exists a sublime 
constant in this ever-changing life, and beyond—
a’ sii aa’ sy ta a’ sii aasav...
In time past, we were; / In time future, we shall be; / Throughout the ages, we have been.
For ever the sun rises and sets; / For ever Siva creates, dissolves, / and creates again.                                ?
ne of the most picturesque regions of India, 
the J&K UT, has been afflicted by the problem 
of cross-border terrorism, separatist violence 
and armed militancy for the last three decades. 
However, since the heydays of terrorist violence in the early 
1990s, this militancy has transformed radically. Various 
internal and external dynamics have impacted it, like the 
driving role of Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), 
evolution of Kashmir’s separatist politics, influence of  
pan-Islamic terrorist groups, and the emergence of 
social media. Consequently, the militancy in J&K today 
represents a qualitatively different challenge to the security 
establishment than in 1989 when scores of Kashmiri 
youth crossed the Line of Control (LoC) to train in 
Counter-Terrorism 
Scenario in J&K
Dr Sameer Patil
The author is a Senior Fellow at the Observer Research Foundation think tank. He has previously served in the National Security Council 
Secretariat. Email: sameer.patil@orfonline.org
The 5
th
 of August 2022, marked three years 
since the Government of India revoked 
the special status of the erstwhile State 
of Jammu and Kashmir and created two 
new Union Territories (UTs) of J&K and 
Ladakh.
1
 This constitutional change was a 
watershed moment for the region, marking 
a break from the past to herald a new 
administrative and security approach to 
this strategically-important region. Several 
initiatives implemented by the J&K UT 
administration and security-establishment 
since then demonstrate that a change is 
afoot on the ground, which offers hope for 
a better future. 
NatioNal Security
O
LEAD ARTICLE
YOJANA   September 2022 7
Tricolor at the iconic Lal Chowk, Srinagar
8 YOJANA   September 2022
Pakistan-occupied J&K (PoJK) and 
joined the ranks of terrorist outfits or 
organisations. 
Recent events like targeted killings 
of religious minorities, migrants, security 
forces personnel and civilians, have 
drawn attention to the evolving security 
situation in J&K. These developments 
give an impression of a region in the 
throes of violence and instability. 
However, the reality is otherwise. 
Today, the Indian security 
establishment firmly controls the situation in J&K. 
It has kept up the pressure on militants through 
kinetic operations and denied them support from their 
ecosystem. It has achieved this by targeting the terrorist 
sympathisers, practising humanitarian gestures and pro-
actively countering anti-India propaganda. These actions 
have considerably shrunk the manoeuvring space for the 
terrorists. Although there are some evolving and emerging 
challenges from the Counter-Terrorism (CT) perspective, 
security forces are confident of effectively tackling them.
Current Terrorism Outlook for the Region
A vital indicator of the improved security situation 
in Kashmir Valley is the residual strength of the terrorists 
operating in the region. This number stretched to thousands 
at the peak of militancy in the early 1990s. Today, 
circumstances have changed. Current terrorist strength 
in Kashmir stands at approximately 163, the lowest in 
decades (see Table 1). 
Table 1: Terrorist Strength in Kashmir Valley
Region Pakistani 
Terrorists
Local 
Terrorists
Total
North Kashmir 60 17 77
South Kashmir 18 68 86
Total 78 85 163
Source: Indian Army
They primarily belong to the three terrorist groups— 
Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) and 
Hizbul Mujahideen (HM). Some are part of the local 
affiliates of pan-Islamic groups such as Al-Qaeda’s Ansar 
Ghazwat-ul-Hind, and Islamic State J&K. However, their 
numbers are marginal. Security forces 
note that, unlike the previous times, 
Pakistani terrorists have been reduced 
to guiding and motivating the local 
terrorists, who have taken charge of the 
militancy in the region.
South Kashmir remains the hotbed 
of militancy, with around 86 terrorists 
operating in the region. LeT and HM, 
in particular, have better reach, network 
and organisation here therefore, this 
region is the hub of their activities. 
While north Kashmir, which has traditionally served as 
the entry point for Pakistani militants from the LoC, has 
remained relatively peaceful. 
Tackling Cross-Border Militant Infiltration
Pakistan-based terrorist groups have used the 
mountainous terrain in north Kashmir to sneak into the 
Kashmir Valley. Pakistani security establishment actively 
supports them by bringing infiltrating terrorists right up 
to the LoC in army vehicles, monitoring the infiltration 
routes, giving covering fire while terrorists infiltrate, 
and supplying sophisticated communication equipment. 
Militants also enter from the south of Pir Panjal range (the 
Jammu-Samba-Kathua plains and the hilly Rajouri-Poonch 
area), sometimes through tunnels, like the one discovered 
in Samba district in 2012, which measured 400 metres.
2
To counter this infiltration, security forces in the last 
one and half decades, have raised a highly-effective three-
tiered counter-infiltration grid. In this, the Indian Army 
forms the first tier on the LoC, followed by the second tier 
of paramilitaries such as the Central Reserve Police Force 
(CRPF), and the third one of the J&K Police (JKP). In 
addition, the security forces have deployed Anti Infiltration 
Obstacle System (AIOS) fencing and strengthened 
surveillance through reconnaissance drones, night-vision 
equipment, and hand-held thermal imaging devices.
3
These efforts combined have contributed to 
the infiltration levels going down significantly, as  
Table 2 shows, particularly the instances of successful 
infiltration. For example, in 2020 and 2021, the number 
of infiltration attempts went down to double digits— 62 
and 58 respectively, with only 72 managing to successfully 
infiltrate together in those two years. In 2022, there had 
To counter this infiltration, 
security forces, in the last 
decade and a half, have raised 
a highly-effective three-
tiered counter-infiltration 
grid. In addition, the security 
forces have deployed Anti 
Infiltration Obstacle System and 
strengthened surveillance.
Table 2: Cross-border Infiltration in J&K
Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
#
Infiltration attempts 222 229 183 93 349 323 339 171 62 58 5
Successful infiltration 121 97 65 33 112 120 143 130 36 36 3
Source: Ministry of Home Affairs and Indian Army  
(
#
Figures for the period January–June, 2022)