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NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10 PDF Download

Q.1. If a pole 6 m high casts a shadow 2√3 m long on the ground, find the Sun’s elevation.
Ans:
 NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10

NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10⇒ θ = 60°


Q.2. If the angle of elevation of a tower from a distance of 100 m from its foot is 60°, then what will be the height of the tower?

NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10Ans: Let h be the height of the tower.
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
h = 100√3 m


Q.3. A spherical balloon of radius r subtends an angle θ at the eye of an observer. If the angle of elevation of its centre is φ, find the height of the centre of the balloon.
Ans:
In Fig. 11.55, O is the centre of the balloon, whose radius OP = r and ∠PAQ = θ. Also, ∠OAB = φ. Let the height of the centre of the balloon be h. Thus OB = h.
In ΔOAP, we have
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10Also in ΔOAB,
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10 or 

NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10


Q.4. If the angle of elevation of a cloud from a point h metres above a lake is α and the angle of depression of its reflection in the lake is β, prove that the height of the cloud is NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
Ans:
Let AB be the surface of the lake and let P be a point of observation (Fig. 11.58) such that AP = h metres. Let C be the position of the cloud and C' be its reflection in the lake. Then, CB = C'B. Let PM be perpendicular from P on CB. Then, ∠CPM = α and ∠MPC‘ = β. Let CM = x.
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10Then, CB = CM + MB = CM + PA = x + h
In ΔCPM, we have
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10 

NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
⇒ AB = x cot α
In ΔPMC’, we have
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10 

NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
⇒ AB = (x + 2h) cotβ ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we have
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
Hence, the height CB of the cloud is given by
CB = x + h ⇒ NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10 


Q.5. The lower window of a house is at a height of 2 m above the ground and its upper window is 4 m vertically above the lower window. At a certain instant, the angles of elevation of a balloon from these windows are observed to be 60° and 30° respectively. Find the height of the balloon above the ground.
Ans:
Let the height of balloon = h m
In rt. ΔGDC,
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10 ...(i)
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
According to question
DC = EF
NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry | Mathematics (Maths) Class 10
Height of the balloon above the ground is 8 m.

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FAQs on NCERT Exemplar: Some Applications of Trigonometry - Mathematics (Maths) Class 10

1. What are some real-life applications of trigonometry?
Ans. Trigonometry has various applications in real life, such as determining the height of a building or a tree using angles and distances, calculating distances between two objects using angles of elevation or depression, navigation and satellite communication systems, analyzing waveforms in physics and engineering, and designing structures like bridges and towers.
2. How do we use trigonometry to calculate the distance between two objects?
Ans. To calculate the distance between two objects using trigonometry, we can use the concept of angles of elevation or depression. By measuring the angle of elevation or depression from a known point, and knowing the height of the observer, we can use trigonometric ratios to calculate the distance between the objects. The formula commonly used is distance = height / tan(angle).
3. What is the importance of trigonometry in navigation and satellite communication systems?
Ans. Trigonometry plays a crucial role in navigation and satellite communication systems. Using trigonometric calculations, navigators and satellite systems can determine their exact location, calculate distances between different points on the Earth's surface, and plan routes for ships, airplanes, or satellites. Trigonometry helps in accurately positioning and tracking satellites, ensuring effective communication and navigation.
4. How is trigonometry used in analyzing waveforms in physics and engineering?
Ans. Trigonometry is extensively used in analyzing waveforms in physics and engineering. It helps in understanding and describing various wave phenomena, such as amplitude, frequency, and phase shift. Trigonometric functions like sine and cosine are used to model and analyze periodic waveforms. Trigonometry also helps in determining the relationships between different wave parameters and solving complex wave equations.
5. In what ways is trigonometry used in designing structures like bridges and towers?
Ans. Trigonometry plays a crucial role in designing structures like bridges and towers. Engineers use trigonometric calculations to determine the angles and lengths of various components, such as beams and supports, to ensure stability and structural integrity. Trigonometry helps in analyzing forces acting on the structure, calculating load-bearing capacities, and optimizing the design for maximum strength and safety.
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