Questions - Strategies for enhancement in food production Video Lecture - NEET

hello friends this video on food
production enhancement part 15 is
brought to you by exam feel calm no more
fear from exam issue culture so with
this we have reached towards the end of
this lesson so let us quickly look at
some of the question just to check if
you have got it right or not question
number one if your family owned a dairy
farm what measures would you undertake
to improve the quantity quality and
quantity of milk production now as I
mentioned before also that if we want
good management of the dairy farm two
things matter the quantity of milk being
produced secondly the quality of milk
that is being produced so how can you
ensure that both of them are good by
remembering some of these selection of
good quality breeds with high building
potential because not all the animals
have high building potential some of
them produce more milk some of them
produce less milk so selection of the
right quality breeds is important proper
feeding of the cattle because if the
cattle is healthy early then you will
get good quality milk otherwise the
quantity and quality booth will be
compromised so the cattle should be fed
with fodder in appropriate quantity
cleanliness should be maintained whether
you talk about the shelter of the cattle
all you talk about
the milking of cows or packaging of the
milk so in all respect cleanliness has
to be maintained so that the animals can
remain disease-free disease resistant
breeds so selection of those breeds of
animals which are resistant to pathogens
so that would help the animal to remain
healthy regular visits by veterinary
doctors because as animals cannot
communicate with us directly so if a
doctor visits regularly and check the
animals so they can just make out if the
animal is completely healthy or not so
these are some of the things which
should be remembered in order to ensure
that quality and quantity of milk
production is not compromised in your
dairy farm question number two which
part of the plant is best suited for
making virus
once and while now I was just talking
about this when we discussed issue
pension that even if a plant is infected
by a virus
most likely the meristems will not get
infected so many stems would be the best
part for tissue culture they will act as
the best explants because they are not
infected so they remain virus free even
if the plant is infected so apical
meristem or axillary meristems would be
the best plant part for making new
healthy plants and how can we make new
healthy plants by the process of tissue
culture so we just extract out the bell
stems from the diseased plant and then
put it in culture that is we put it in
the a medium the nutrient rich medium
and what happens then the healthy plants
grow out of it so we can recover healthy
plants from diseased ones question
number three what is the major advantage
of producing plants by micro propagation
what is micro propagation so using the
concept of tissue culture where multiple
plants are produced in a short period of
time that is micro propagation so the
first benefit is that large number of
plants will be produced in a very less
time obviously this is the most
important benefit healthy plants can be
recovered from diseased plants like as
you saw even if the plant is affected
sometimes the meta stems are not
affected so the medicines can be
utilized to produce healthy plants
genetically identical plants can be
produced so wherever you start if you
have to selected an additional plant you
can remain tension-free that all the
plants that will get produced they will
be exactly genetically identical to the
original plant so they are all going to
be clones of each other question number
four find out what the various
components of the medium used for
propagation of an X plant in vitro are
okay now as I said so you take an X
plant that is a small plant part and
then you grow it in a medium but that
medium should have
should be rich in nutrients so what are
the components that should be present in
the medium that will make it nutrient
rich medium some of the very important
components which has to be there are a
source of carbon like sucrose which can
act as a food for the plant vitamins
amino acids in organic swans growth
hormones they are very important because
you want the plant to grow and form
fruit you need the growth hormones like
auxins and cytokinins so these growth
regulators are also required to control
the growth so these are some of the
components which if present in the
medium the medium will require the
nutrient medium question number five
name the methods employed in animal
breeding according to you which of the
methods is best and why now we already
discussed all the types of methods which
are involved in animal breeding there
are two categories of methods one is the
natural methods and other one is
artificial methods in national methods
also there are various types of breeding
like in breeding where animals belonging
to the same breed admitted you have
outcrossing where animals from same bred
but no common ancestors that means
unrelated animals are mated so in in
breeding closely related animals are
mated that means these animals share
common ancestors at least in the last
five to six generations whereas an out
Crossings they are not related since
they have since they do not have any
common ancestors so they are not related
then another type of crossing is called
cross breeding where animals from
different breeds are mated and finally
interspecific hybridization where
animals from different species are mated
now this is inbreeding and all these
fall under the category of out breeding
but all these methods are natural
methods because here the main thing
happens naturally between the male and
the female and in all of them it is
ensured that a superior male and
period female are selected so that a
superior progeny can be obtained so
these are the natural methods or animal
breeding on some other lines there are
artificial methods as well where the
meeting doesn't happen between a male
and female naturally rather it is
forcefully made to happen so how so one
method is artificial insemination where
the semen is taken out from the body of
the male and it is directly injected
into the females reproductive tract so
that is how the mating part is done
artificially with the help of injections
the second method is white that is
multiple ovulation in biotechnology so
what happens in this the female animal
is given some hormones which will cause
super ovulation that is instead of
releasing one and it will release
multiple eggs maybe some six or seven
eggs will be released and then the
animal is fertilized Beckman's
artificially inseminated and then what
happens the fertilized egg are then
transferred from that animal to other
surrogate mothers so in this case what
is the advantage that instead of getting
one new animal you end up getting seven
to eight new animals and always the same
time with the help of surrogate mothers
so these are the two artificial methods
of animal breeding now if you ask which
is a preferred method now all of these
is being done by human beings for their
own profit because they want food from
these animals and that is why the ADIZ
are doing that so we can say that human
beings are trying to be selfish now any
natural method for this particular
animal for example for this cow the
natural method might be better but if
you look at a point of view from the
perspective of human beings that is from
the perspective of enhancing the food
production then artificial method is
better that is because in this you have
the entire control of when to inseminate
and there are no limitations of natural
mating process because there might be so
many limitations when you actually want
the animals to mate amongst each other
so all those limitations are taken care
of so application methods are better
when you think from the perspective of
human beings who need more and more food
from the animals so that means we would
say that artificial insemination or
Moyne would be better methods than the
natural methods of inbreeding or out
really so with this we have reached
towards the end of this lesson and I
hope that this lesson on enhancement of
food production would have helped you so
see you all in the next lesson thank you
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