Chemiosmotic Hypothesis, ATP synthesis Video Lecture - NEET

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exam he osmotic hypothesis we have what
you discussed about this in our previous
lesson but still let us repeat it once
again so this hypothesis describes the
process of ATP synthesis so a proton
gradient develops across the
mitochondrial inner membrane as I said
this is the inner membrane so a proton
gradient develops here too many protons
get corrected and inside the proton
concentration is less so therefore a
gradient develops across this membrane
break down off this gradient release
energy may I see a term of this gradient
that means right now the gradient is
there that means this portion it is very
high concentration this portion the
concentration is very less but as soon
as they started the protons start to
flow from this region to this region
what will happen the proton gradient
will begin to deplete so the breakdown
of gradient will occur and this
breakdown of gradient will release
energy which will be utilized to form
ATP or which will be utilized to
synthesize ATP so that is the concept of
any osmotic hypothesis let us see how
this actually works now the complex pipe
which I was talking about is the enzyme
ATP synthase so complex v is nothing but
ATP synthase and this is the structure
of ATP synthase now here I have shown it
I mean if you back in the enzyme is
present here some example like this so
if you magnify it to this would look
something like this so this region is
the inter membrane space and this region
is the matrix right so the gray color
part is the matrix and the white color
part represents this pink color pasture
so the question is how does the radiant
breakdown occur how the protons start to
flow across the membrane now movement of
protons occurs through the transmembrane
channel of the ATP synthase enzyme so if
you see here this is the channel of the
ATP synthase enzyme so before that let
us look at the structure of a because it
is enzyme this enzyme has two parts F 0
and F 1 so f 0 is this part which forms
a transmembrane channel that is the
channel egg or a tunnel in structure
through the membrane so that house the
protons should flow through it and the
next part is F 1 which connects the
inner surface of the mitochondrial inner
membrane towards the magnet so if you
see this affluent part connects the
membrane towards the matrix so now the
concentration of the ions is go on the
side right now when the proton gradient
develops this enzyme gets activated so
the ATP synthase gets activated and once
the enzyme is activated it allows these
H+ ions to flow through it now as soon
as this H+ ions start to flow through it
they will start flowing from this region
that is region 1 to reach into as a
result the gradient breakdown will occur
and when the breaking breakdown occurs a
lot of energy will be released and that
energy will be utilized for the
phosphorylation of ATP to form ATP so as
this hydrogen ions will move this side
the energy which is released will be
utilized for this conversion and it has
been observed that two H+ ions are
required to pass through the membrane to
produce one molecule of ATP so when two
H+ have reached here then ADP can get
converted into ATP so that
phosphorylation can
take place so this is how ATP is
synthesized so I hope the concept is
clear now first of all you have to
understand that a proton gradient
develops and a proton gradient develops
because of the passage of electrons
through the electron transport chain
okay now once the gradient develops ATP
synthase enzyme gets activated which is
present on the inner membrane
once enzyme is activated the programs
break down the breaking break down will
occur which will release energy which in
turn may help in synthesizing a TV so
let us look at the ATP synthesis process
so gradient breakdown will use enough
energy ATP synthase inés enzyme is
activated it it isn't is catalyze the
formation of ATP as I said this ADP it
will take my inorganic phosphate and add
on to this to form ATP so that is how
ATP formation will take place so now I
have tried to explain you this process
of electron transport system step by
step on different slides so now with the
help of an animation and I will trying
to show you how this entire process of
electron transport system leads to the
synthesis of thank you please visit
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