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Ques: A sample of gas expands from volume V1 to V2.The amount of work done by the gas is greatest when the expansion is (a) adiabatic (b) isobaric (c) isothermal (d) equal in all above cases.

Solution: The amount of work done by the gas is greatest when the expansion is b) Isobaric

The P−V diagram for isobaric, isothermal and adiabatic process of an ideal gas is shown in graph below :

MCQ: Expansion of Gas, Thermodynamics - NEET

In thermodynamics, for same change in volume, the work done is maximum for the curve having maximum area enclosed with the volume axis. Area enclosed by the curve 

∝ (Slope of curve)

As shown:

(slope)isobaric<(slope)isothermal<(slope)adiabatic

 

⇒ (Area)isobaric>(Area)isorthermal>(Area)adiabatic

 Hence, work done is maximum in isobaric process.

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FAQs on MCQ: Expansion of Gas, Thermodynamics - NEET

1. What is the expansion of gas in thermodynamics?
Ans. The expansion of gas in thermodynamics refers to the increase in volume of a gas when it is heated or the pressure on it is reduced. This expansion can be explained by the kinetic theory of gases, which states that gas molecules move faster and spread out when they gain energy.
2. How does the expansion of gas occur?
Ans. The expansion of gas occurs due to the increase in the average kinetic energy of gas molecules. When the gas is heated, the molecules gain energy and move faster, colliding with each other and the walls of the container. These collisions exert pressure on the walls and cause the gas to expand, increasing its volume.
3. What are the different types of gas expansion?
Ans. There are three types of gas expansion: isobaric expansion, isochoric expansion, and adiabatic expansion. Isobaric expansion occurs at constant pressure, isochoric expansion occurs at constant volume, and adiabatic expansion occurs without the exchange of heat with the surroundings.
4. What is the relationship between temperature and gas expansion?
Ans. The relationship between temperature and gas expansion is described by Charles's law. According to this law, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, at constant pressure. This means that as the temperature of a gas increases, its volume also increases, resulting in expansion.
5. How does gas expansion affect the performance of engines?
Ans. Gas expansion plays a crucial role in the performance of engines, such as internal combustion engines. When the fuel-air mixture is ignited, it expands rapidly, creating a high-pressure gas that drives the pistons. This expansion of gas converts the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical work, enabling the engine to generate power and perform useful tasks.
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