CSS Padding | CSS for Beginners - Class 6 PDF Download

CSS Padding

• Padding is used to create space around an element's content, inside of any defined borders.
• The CSS padding properties are used to generate space around an element's content, inside of any defined borders.
• With CSS, you have full control over the padding. There are properties for setting the padding for each side of an element (top, right, bottom, and left).

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Padding - Individual Sides

• CSS has properties for specifying the padding for each side of an element:
  • padding-top
  • padding-right
  • padding-bottom
  • padding-left

All the padding properties can have the following values:

• length - specifies a padding in px, pt, cm, etc.
• % - specifies a padding in % of the width of the containing element
• inherit - specifies that the padding should be inherited from the parent element

Note: Negative values are not allowed.

Example
Set different padding for all four sides of a <div> element:  

div {

  padding-top: 50px;

  padding-right: 30px;

  padding-bottom: 50px;

  padding-left: 80px;

}

Padding - Shorthand Property

• To shorten the code, it is possible to specify all the padding properties in one property.
• The padding property is a shorthand property for the following individual padding properties:
  • padding-top
  • padding-right
  • padding-bottom
  • padding-left

So, here is how it works:
If the padding property has four values:

• padding: 25px 50px 75px 100px;
  • top padding is 25px
  • right padding is 50px
  • bottom padding is 75px
  • left padding is 100px

Example
Use the padding shorthand property with four values:

div {

  padding: 25px 50px 75px 100px;

}

If the padding property has three values:

• padding: 25px 50px 75px;
  • top padding is 25px
  • right and left paddings are 50px
  • bottom padding is 75px

Example
Use the padding shorthand property with three values: 

div {

  padding: 25px 50px 75px;

}

If the padding property has two values:

• padding: 25px 50px;
  • top and bottom paddings are 25px
  • right and left paddings are 50px

Example
Use the padding shorthand property with two values: 

div {

  padding: 25px 50px;

}

If the padding property has one value:

• padding: 25px;
  • all four paddings are 25px

Example
Use the padding shorthand property with one value: 

div {

  padding: 25px;

}

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Padding and Element Width

• The CSS width property specifies the width of the element's content area. The content area is the portion inside the padding, border, and margin of an element (the box model).
• So, if an element has a specified width, the padding added to that element will be added to the total width of the element. This is often an undesirable result.

Example
Here, the <div> element is given a width of 300px. However, the actual width of the <div> element will be 350px (300px + 25px of left padding + 25px of right padding):

div {

  width: 300px;

  padding: 25px;

}

To keep the width at 300px, no matter the amount of padding, you can use the box-sizing property. This causes the element to maintain its actual width; if you increase the padding, the available content space will decrease.

Example
Use the box-sizing property to keep the width at 300px, no matter the amount of padding:

div {

  width: 300px;

  padding: 25px;

  box-sizing: border-box;

}

All CSS Padding Properties