Textbook Solutions: Weather and Climate | Be an Explorer 5: Book Solutions, Notes & Worksheets - Class 5 PDF Download

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A. Tick (✔) the correct option to complete the sentence.

1. Range of temperature means ___________________ .
(a) maximum temperature
(b) minimum temperature
(c) high temperature
(d) difference between maximum and minimum temperature
Ans: (d)
The range of temperature refers to the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures observed in a given period.

2. Which type of climate is found near the Poles?
(a) Equatorial region
(b) Hot deserts
(c) Prairies
(d) Tundra
Ans: (d)
The Tundra climate is found near the Poles, and it is extremely cold with ice and snow covering most of the region.

3. The place which has an Equatorial type of climate is _________________.
(a) Democratic Republic of Cango
 (b) India
(c) Mawsynram
(d) Goa
Ans: (a)
The Equatorial type of climate is found near the Equator, and the Democratic Republic of Congo in Africa has this type of climate.

4. The tree not found in the Equatorial region is ___________________.
(a) Mahogany
(b) Ebony
(c) Rosewood
(d) Pine
Ans: (d)
Pine trees are not typically found in the Equatorial region. The Equatorial region is known for trees like ebony, mahogany, and rosewood.

B. Fill in the blanks.

1. Days are hot and nights are cold in _______________.
Ans: Days are hot and nights are cold in desert regions.

2. _______________ is defined as the condition of the atmosphere in a given place and at a given time.
Ans: Weather is defined as the condition of the atmosphere in a given place and at a given time.

3. _______________ breeze blows from land to sea.
Ans: Land breeze blows from land to sea.

4. Hill stations have a _______________ climate.
Ans: Hill stations have a moderate climate.

5. The _______________ Zone remains very cold throughout the year.
Ans: The Frigid Zone remains very cold throughout the year.

C. Write (T) for true statements and (F) for false statements.

1. Climate has no relation to weather.
Ans: F
Climate is related to weather, as climate consists of the average weather conditions over a long period.

2. The climate of Mumbai is hot and wet.
Ans: T
Mumbai has a maritime climate, which is neither very hot nor very cold, and it experiences wet conditions during certain periods.

3. Wind blowing from sea to land is called a land breeze.
Ans: F
Wind blowing from sea to land is called a sea breeze.

4. The Torrid Zone lies between the Tropics.
Ans: T
The Torrid Zone is the region between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

5. The Frigid Zone has a hot climate.
Ans: F
The Frigid Zone has a cold climate throughout the year.

D. Match the columns A and B.

Ans:

Writing Zone

Answer the following questions.

1. What do you mean by weather?
Ans: Weather refers to the condition of the atmosphere over a short period at a given place and time. It includes factors such as air temperature, air pressure, wind, humidity, and rainfall.

2. What is climate?
Ans: Climate consists of the average weather conditions present over a large area and for a long period of time. It reflects the long-term patterns of temperature, humidity, wind, and other atmospheric conditions.

3. Differentiate between land breeze and sea breeze with the help of a diagram.
Ans: A land breeze occurs at night when the land cools down faster than the sea. The air above the land becomes cooler and denser, causing it to sink. Simultaneously, the warmer air above the sea rises, creating a breeze from the land to the sea. In contrast, a sea breeze occurs during the day when the land heats up more than the sea. The warm air above the land rises, and the cooler air from the sea moves in, creating a breeze from the sea to the land.

4. Name the factors that affect the climate of a place.
Ans: The factors affecting the climate of a place include:

• Distance from the Equator (Latitude)
• Altitude
• Distance from the Sea
• Direction of the Wind
• Humidity
• Ocean Currents

5. Why do people go to hill stations during the summers?
Ans: People go to hill stations during summers to escape the heat of the plains. Hill stations, often located at higher altitudes, have a cooler climate due to their elevation, providing a refreshing escape from the hot temperatures in the lowlands.

6. Name any four types of climate.
Ans: Four types of climate are:

• Monsoon
• Equatorial
• Desert
• Continental

7. Name the three heat zones of the world. Write about any one of them.
Ans: The three heat zones of the world are Torrid Zone, Temperate Zone, and Frigid Zone. The Torrid Zone is the region between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. In this zone, the Sun's rays fall directly, making the area extremely hot and humid. This zone includes tropical rainforests and deserts, characterized by high temperatures and abundant rainfall.