Practice Questions: Coding & Decoding | Logical Reasoning for CLAT PDF Download

Ans: The code for 'MISSIONS' is represented as 'MSIISNOS'. In this coding system, the first and last letters remain unchanged, while the other letters interchange their positions in pairs of two. Therefore, for the word 'ONLINE', we follow this pattern:

• The first letter is O.
• The last letter is E.
• The remaining letters N, L, I, and N are paired and swapped:
  • NL becomes LN
  • IN becomes NI

Thus, the encoded version of 'ONLINE' will be OLNNIE. The correct answer is (a) OLNNIE.

Ans: (b) To determine how 'FISH' is written in the code, we can follow these steps:

• Reverse the word: 'FISH' becomes 'HSIF'.
• Shift each letter back by 1 in the alphabet:
  • H → G
  • S → R
  • I → H
  • F → E

Thus, the coded version of 'FISH' is (b) GRHE.

Ans: To decode the word 'MOLTEN', we first reverse it. The reverse of 'MOLTEN' is 'NETLOM'. Next, we add 1 to each letter:

• N 1 = O
• E 1 = F
• T 1 = U
• L 1 = M
• O 1 = P
• M 1 = N

Thus, the code for 'MOLTEN' becomes 'OFUMPN'. The correct answer is (c) OFUMPN.

Ans: To decipher the code, we observe that each letter in the word 'ROAR' is shifted by 3 to form 'URDU'. This means that each letter is replaced by the letter that appears three places later in the alphabet. For the word 'URDU', we will apply the same principle:

• U becomes X
• R becomes U
• D becomes G
• U becomes X

Thus, 'URDU' is encoded as 'XUGX'. The correct answer is: (b) XUGX.

Ans: (a)
Each letter moves +1, -1, alternately except for L, which is –4. Add 4 to I, then -1, +1 alternately to the remaining letters.
Apply same pattern to IFWJBP:
I (+4) → M
F (−1) → E
W (+1) → X
J (−1) → I
B (+1) → C
P (−1) → O
So the decoded word is: (a) MEXICO

Ans: (c)
In the given code, the letters are interchanged in each pair. For instance, the code for BI becomes IB, and IO becomes OI. Therefore, the code for BILLION will be IBLLOIN. The correct answer is (c) IBLLOIN.

Ans: (d)
The answer to the question is (d). The coding for the third day from Tuesday, which is Friday, is represented as frIdAY. The small letters in the coding scheme are b, d, f, h, j, l, n, p, r, t, v, x, and z. In this scheme, every alternate letter from B onwards is written in lowercase, while the others are in uppercase. Thus, the correct format for Friday, according to the given coding, is frIdAY.

Ans: (c) If the letters of the word 'CYCLINDER' are arranged alphabetically, the letter that is farthest from the first letter of the word is 'Y'. Here’s a breakdown of the letters in alphabetical order:

• C
• C
• D
• E
• I
• N
• R
• Y

Among these, 'Y' is the last letter, making it the farthest from the first letter 'C'. Therefore, the correct answer is: (c)

Each letter in the code moves alternately by -1 and  1. For example:

• M - 1 = L
• U 1 = V
• N - 1 = M
• D 1 = E
• A - 1 = Z
• N 1 = O
• E - 1 = D

Therefore, the code for MUNDANE is LVMEZOD.

Ans:(b)

To decode the word CHILDREN, we first reverse it to get NERDLIHC. Next, we add 1 to each letter:

• N → O
• E → F
• R → S
• D → E
• L → M
• I → J
• C → D
• H → I

This results in the code OFSEMJID for CHILDREN.