Upon the initiation of NETs production, the neutrophil nuclei are forfeited, resulting in the demise of the neutrophils. The extracellular traps form a dense mesh of nuclear chromatin that binds and concentrates granule proteins, including antimicrobial peptides and enzymes. Among these are antimicrobial proteins such as neutrophil elastase, cathepsin G, and histones, which exhibit a strong affinity for DNA.
In terms of clinical significance, the nuclear chromatin within NETs, encompassing histones and associated DNA, is suggested to serve as a source of nuclear antigens in systemic autoimmune diseases, notably lupus. In these conditions, individuals mount immune reactions against their own DNA and nucleoproteins.
A distinct pattern of chronic inflammation characterized by formation of granulomas
Granuloma
Granulomatous Inflammation - Examples
Repair, often referred to as healing, involves the reinstatement of tissue architecture and function following an injury. This process manifests through two types of reactions:
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Inflammation and Repair
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The process of tissue repair relies on both the activity of growth factors and interactions between cells and components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). An intact ECM is essential for tissue regeneration, and in instances where the ECM is compromised, the only viable means of repair is through the formation of scars.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) comprises three fundamental components:
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1. What is inflammation and how does it occur? | ![]() |
2. What are the common signs and symptoms of inflammation? | ![]() |
3. How does tissue repair occur after inflammation? | ![]() |
4. What are the factors that can impair the inflammation and tissue repair process? | ![]() |
5. How can inflammation and tissue repair be managed or facilitated? | ![]() |