Paranasal Sinuses of OX | Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science Optional for UPSC PDF Download

• Frontal Sinus: Largest sinus located in the forehead bone, extending towards the back of the skull.
• Maxillary Sinus: Situated in the cheekbone area, extending downward and forward.
• Palatine Sinus: Found in the horizontal part of the palatine bone and the maxilla (upper jaw).

Frontal Sinus:

• Positioned in the forehead bone.
• Divided into small compartments, not directly connected to the eye sockets.
• Communicates with the nasal cavity through small openings.
• Helps protect the brain with a double-layered wall.

Maxillary Sinus:

• Located in the cheekbone area.
• Irregular in shape due to nearby teeth roots.
• Communicates with the nasal cavity and palatine sinus through openings.
• Extends downward and forward, sometimes reaching the level of the upper teeth.

Palatine Sinus:

• Situated in the horizontal part of the palatine bone and maxilla.
• Separated from the maxillary sinus by a complete septum.
• Connects to the nasal cavity through a narrow opening and to the maxillary sinus through the infraorbital canal.

Common Features:

• All sinuses are lined with a mucous membrane.
• They help regulate the volume and shape of the head.
• Serve as a cushioning layer around the skull.
• Aid in resonating sound and producing mucus to keep the nasal passages moist and clean.

Fig: Skull - Frontal Sinus Exposed

Fig: Skull showing the Palatine and a part of the Maxillary Sinuses Postero-Lateral view

Fig: Skull-Maxillary Sihus Expcsed

Fig: Parotid and Submaxillary Salivary Glands, Socio-parotitis and Parotid Duct

Fig: Left Submaxillary and Sublingual Glands, and Mandibular Duct