DNA Markers | Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science Optional for UPSC PDF Download

DNA Markers

Genotyping Animals

• The ideal scenario involves genotyping animals at the exact site of the mutation responsible for a disorder. However, this approach may not be perfect if new mutations causing the same disorder arise elsewhere in the gene.

Identifying Mutations

• If new mutations occur, options include identifying the new mutation or finding a polymorphism in or near the gene that can serve as a linked marker.

Linked Marker Utility

• In familial settings, the usefulness of a linked marker relies on the recombination fraction between the marker and the causal mutation.

Population Analysis

• Within populations, a linked marker's utility is influenced by factors like disequilibrium, recombination fraction, and allele frequency similarities between loci. Higher disequilibrium and allele frequency similarities enhance the marker's initial utility.

Recombination Fraction Impact

• A smaller recombination fraction results in a slower decline in the utility of the marker over time.