Previous Year Questions 2021: Current Affairs | CLAT Past Year Papers (2008-2024) PDF Download

1. Starting in April 2020 , China amassed a large number of troops and armaments along the disputed Line of Actual Control (LAC) in eastern Ladakh and other areas along the LAC, leading to stand-offs and skirmishes at certain points. The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) moved into Indian territory and built fortified structures and defences, changing the status quo on the ground. While there are differences in perception on the alignment of the LAC, over the years both sides concluded a series of agreements to maintain peace and tranquillity on the border, while talks continued to resolve the dispute. Since then, several friction points emerged in eastern Ladakh and both sides initiated diplomatic and military talks aimed at disengagement and de-escalation, with India pushing for the restoration of status quo ante of pre-April. India and China earlier reached an understanding for phased disengagement from all friction points followed by de-escalation from the depth areas along the LAC.

Q1: Violent clashes between Indian and Chinese army which resulted in the death of around 20 Indian soldiers and an unknown number of Chinese soldiers occurred on:
(a) May 5, 2020
(b) June 11 -12, 2020
(c) June 15 -16, 2020
(d) July 13, 2020
Ans: (c) June 15 -16, 2020
India and China on June 15-16, 2020, engaged in their first deadly face-off since 1967. 20 Indian soldiers, including the Commanding Officer of the 16th Bihar Regiment, Col Babu, lost their lives at the hands of the Chinese army in the Galwan Valley.

Q2: Where did the violent clashes between Indian and Chinese soldiers occur which caused casualties on both sides?
(a) Naku La
(b) Dhan Singh Thapa post
(c) Galwan Valley
(d) Siachin
Ans: (c) Galwan Valley
The Indian and Chinese armies were engaged in the standoff in Pangong Tso, Galwan Valley, Demchok, and Daulat Beg Oldie in eastern Ladakh. The Galwan Valley area comes under Sub Sector North, which lies just to the east of the Siachen glacier and is the only point that provides direct access to Aksai Chin from India.

Q3: The violent incident leading to the death of soldiers took place at:
(a) Patrol Point 13
(b) Patrol Point 14
(c) Patrol Point 15
(d) Patrol Point 16
Ans: (b) Patrol Point 14
In June 2020, when the initial process of disengagement was going on, the violent clash occurred on June 15-16, at Patrol Point (PP) 14 in Galwan Valley. Patrol Points 10 to 13 in the Depsang sector, Patrol Point 14 in Galwan, Patrolling Point 15 in Hot Spring, and Patrol Points 17 and 17A in Gogra are currently being disputed by both sides, where standoffs have taken place in the past nine weeks. These Patrolling Points have been identified by the high-powered China Study Group, starting from 1975 when patrolling limits for Indian forces were specified.

Q4: The length of Line of Actual Control of Indo-China Border is:
(a) 2788 km
(b) 3213 km
(c) 3317 km
(d) 3488 km
Ans: (d) 3488 km
The LAC (Line of Actual Control) is the demarcation between India and China. It separates Indian-controlled territory from Chinese-controlled territory. India considers the LAC to be 3,488 km long, which is the second-largest international border of India, while China considers it to be around 2,000 km.
LAC is divided into three sectors:

• Eastern sector, spanning Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim (1346 km)
• Middle sector in Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh (545 km)
• Western sector in Ladakh (1597 km)

Q5: Which of the following was resolved by way of an agreement between India and China in February 2021?
(a) Chinese side will move back its troops to east of finger 8 and Indian side will move its troops to its permanent base near finger 3.
(b) Both sides shall demolish structures built after April 2020.
(c) Moratorium on patrolling in the affected area.
(d) All of these.
Ans: (d) All of these.
India and China signed an agreement on 11 Feb 2021, according to which the Chinese side was to move back its troops on the north bank to east of finger 8. Indian troops were to move to their permanent base at Dhan Singh Thapa post near finger 3. A similar action would be taken in the south bank area by both sides. The structures built by both sides since April 2020 in both the north and south bank areas were to be removed to restore the landforms. A moratorium on patrolling in this affected area until resumption is discussed by both sides.

2. As soon as the coronavirus hit the world, India emphasised the imperative of collaboration to overcome the inimical health and economic impact of the virus. It was with this objective that the Indian government organised a virtual meeting of SAARC leaders on March 15, 2020. In the initial months of the pandemic, India, by virtue of the fact that it is the ‘pharmacy of the world’, ramped up production of essential medicines like hydroxychloroquine, paracetamol etc. as well as Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) kits, ventilators and masks. In the rapidly evolving global geo-political landscape, the healing and supportive actions by India through supply of Covishield and Covaxin vaccines will have a huge impact in promoting peace, security, cooperation and prosperity in the region and the world. This is all the more commendable when there are only f e w countries in the world who have thus f ar been able to successfully manufacture COVID-19 vaccines.

Q1: The Minister of Health and Family Welfare is:
(a) Shri Mansukh Mandaviya
(b) Dr. Harsh Vardhan
(c) Shri Ashwini Kumar Choubey
(d) Shri Rajnath Singh
Ans: (a) Shri Mansukh Mandaviya.
The current minister is Mansukh L. Mandaviya from Gujarat, who succeeded Dr. Harsh Vardhan in July 2021 after the recent reshuffle of the Union Cabinet by the President of India.

Q2: What is the amount that India has created to contribute to the SAARC COVID-19 Emergency Fund?
(a) $20 million
(b) $10 million
(c) $15 million
(d) $17 million
Ans: (b) $10 million.
On 15 March 2020, during the SAARC leaders' conference on combating COVID-19, India proposed the creation of a COVID-19 Emergency Fund of $20 million. The fund is based on voluntary contributions from all SAARC members to combat COVID-19 in the region.

• $10 million was extended by India, Sri Lanka ($5 million), Bangladesh ($1.5 million), Nepal ($1 million), Afghanistan ($1 million), Maldives ($200,000), and Bhutan ($100,000), taking the total amount in the COVID-19 Emergency Fund to $18.3 million.

Q3: Which of the following countries were the first to receive supplies of vaccines from India?
(a) Nepal and Bangladesh
(b) Bhutan and Myanmar
(c) Bangladesh and Bhutan
(d) Bhutan and Maldives
Ans: (d) Bhutan and Maldives.
India sent COVID-19 vaccines under grant assistance to Bhutan, Maldives, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar, and Seychelles. Among these, Bhutan and Maldives were the first to receive COVID-19 vaccines from India.

Q4: Under which of the following initiatives has the Government of India decided to supply vaccines to foreign countries?
(a) Vaccine Ujala
(b) Vaccine Dosti
(c) Vaccine Maitri
(d) Vaccine Rishta
Ans: (c) Vaccine Maitri.
During the first wave of the pandemic, the focus of the Indian Government was on coordinating exports of COVID-19 medicines, flights to repatriate Indians abroad through the ‘Vande Bharat Mission’ after the lockdown, and then exporting vaccines worldwide under the initiative called ‘Vaccine Maitri’.

Q5: COVAXIN, India’s indigenous COVID-19 vaccine, is developed by:
(a) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in partnership with Bharat Biotech International Limited (BBIL)
(b) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
(c) Bharat Biotech International Limited (BBIL)
(d) Serum Institute of India
Ans: (a) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in partnership with Bharat Biotech International Limited (BBIL).
COVAXIN is developed by Bharat Biotech International Limited (BBIL) in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Virology, Pune, an institute of ICMR.

3. There is really nothing new, not already anticipated in a distressed planet since the emergence of human species life nearly two million years ago. So, a long prehistory of inter-faith dialogue entailing the reciprocal relation between religious traditions and the robustness of the very idea of being human and having rights, precedes the recent UN movement of faith for rights (F4R). The F4R framework has finally been affirmed by the United Nations system. The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OCHR) promoted the Rabat plan of action in 2012. Note that this happened after the end of the Cold War, during globalisation, and soon after 9/11. The plan was a result of a series of expert workshops on the prohibition of incitement to national, racial or religious hatred, underlying “legislative patterns, judicial practices and policies”. The UN Human Rights Council is shortly going to discuss further the prohibition of the advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to “discrimination, hostility or violence”.

Q1: When was the first human rights declaration adopted by the United Nations?
(a) December 10, 1945
(b) September 10, 1945
(c) December 10, 1948
(d) September 10, 1948
Ans: (c) December 10, 19Q1:
The International Human Rights Day is observed every year on December 10. On this day in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA).

• International Human Rights Day 2020 Theme: Recover Better - Stand Up for Human Rights.

Q2: The United Nations Human Rights Council is a/an __________ body within the United Nations System.
(a) Inter-governmental
(b) Non-governmental
(c) Quasi-governmental
(d) Multi-stakeholder
Ans: (a) Inter-governmental.
The Human Rights Council is an inter-governmental body within the United Nations system responsible for strengthening the promotion and protection of human rights around the world. It was set up by the United Nations General Assembly on March 15, 2006.

Q3: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and its two Optional Protocols have been adopted under the auspices of the United Nations and are collectively referred to as __________.
(a) Magna Carta Libertatum
(b) International Bill of Human Rights
(c) International Charter of the Rights of the Man and the Citizen
(d) International Charter of Human Rights
Ans: (b) International Bill of Human Rights.
The UDHR is not a treaty, so it does not directly create legal obligations for countries. The UDHR, together with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and its two Optional Protocols (on the complaints procedure and on the death penalty) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and its Optional Protocol, form the so-called International Bill of Human Rights.

Q4: The objective of the ‘Faith for Rights’ (F4R) is to provide space for a cross-disciplinary reflection and action on the deep, and mutually enriching, connections between religions and human rights. Which of the following is not one of the commitments on Faith for Rights (F4R)?
(a) To prevent the use of the notion of ‘State religion’ to discriminate against any individual or group.
(b) To revisit religious interpretations that appear to perpetuate gender inequality and harmful stereotypes or even condone gender-based violence.
(c) To refine the curriculums, teaching materials, and textbooks to rectify harmful stereotypes.
(d) To promote religious dogmatism.
Ans: (d) To promote religious dogmatism.
Promoting religious dogmatism is not an objective of ‘Faith for Rights’ (F4R). Key objectives of F4R include:

• Refraining from using messages of intolerance that may incite violence, hostility, or discrimination.
• Speaking out firmly and promptly against intolerance, discriminatory stereotyping, and instances of hate speech.
• Standing up for the rights of all persons belonging to minorities.
• Revisiting religious interpretations that perpetuate gender inequality and harmful stereotypes.

Q5: In India, which of the following statutory organisations is responsible for the protection and promotion of human rights?
(a) National Human Rights Council
(b) National Human Rights Commission
(c) National Human Rights Organisation
(d) Indian Human Rights Council
Ans: (b) National Human Rights Commission.
The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), established in 1993, is an independent statutory body as per the provisions of the Protection of Human Rights Act of 1993 (amended in 2006).

• Human rights are an indispensable part of a civilized society, and the NHRC acts as a watchdog of human rights in India.

4. UNESCO New Delhi, along with the National Mission f or Clean Ganga (NMCG) and other partners, organised a hybrid event with school children and teachers to celebrate ‘World Water Day 2021’. The event included f elicitating the winners of a water conservation awareness programme, and screening of their winning animation short films, according to an official release. UNESCO launched this nation-wide programme for school children in India, in partnership with the National Mission for Clean Ganga, the United Schools Organization (USO), Water Digest and India based global animation major Toonz Media Group. Entitled ‘H2Ooooh!-Waterwise program for children of India’, this innovative initiative encouraged school students between the age of 6-14 years to submit story ideas for animated short films to raise awareness on water conservation and its sustainable use.

Q1: World Water Day is observed on
(a) April 20
(b) April 21
(c) March 22
(d) May 20
Ans: (c) March 22
In 1993, the United Nations General Assembly decided to celebrate March 22 of every year as World Water Day. This day is celebrated to increase awareness among people about the need for and conservation of water.

Q2: The theme of World Water Day 2021 was
(a) Valuing Water
(b) Conserving Water
(c) Saving Water
(d) Drinking Water
Ans: (a) Valuing Water
The theme of World Water Day 2021 was "Valuing Water" to focus on "How we can better protect this vital resource."

Q3: On the occasion of World Water Day 2021, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched a campaign named
(a) Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Purify the Rivers
(b) Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain
(c) Jal Shakti Abhiyan: No More Water Woes
(d) Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Become Water Wise
Ans: (b) Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain
Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi launched the ‘Jal Shakti Abhiyan (JSA): Catch the Rain’ campaign on World Water Day.

• JSA is a time-bound, mission-mode water conservation campaign aimed at making water conservation a "Jan Andolan" through asset creation and extensive communication.

Q4: The National Water Mission (NWM) has been constituted under the National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC) launched by the Prime Minister of India in 2009. Which of the following is not a goal of the NWM?
(a) Comprehensive water database in public domain and assessment of the impact of climate change on water resource.
(b) Promotion of citizen and state actions for water conservation, augmentation, and preservation.
(c) Comprehensive water database in public domain and assessment of the impact of water resource on climate change.
(d) Increasing water use efficiency by 20%.
Ans: (c) Comprehensive water database in public domain and assessment of the impact of water resource on climate change.
Goals of the National Water Mission (NWM):

• Comprehensive water database in the public domain and assessment of the impact of climate change on water resources.
• Promotion of citizen and state action for water conservation, augmentation, and preservation.
• Focused attention to vulnerable areas, including over-exploited areas.
• Increasing water use efficiency by 20%.
• Promotion of basic-level integrated water resources management.

Q5: In 2019, the Ministry of Jal Shakti was formed after merging the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation and the Ministry of ______
(a) Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
(b) Ports, Shipping and Waterways
(c) Water Conservation and Ganga Rejuvenation
(d) Inland Waterways and Ganga Rejuvenation
Ans: (a) Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
The Ministry of Jal Shakti was formed by merging the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, and the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation in May 2019.

5. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, during his visit to Bangladesh, congratulated the neighbouring country f or its 50 th year of Independence and said that he too had gone to jail while protesting for Bangladesh’s liberation. “I was about 20-22 years old when along with some friends I had protested in f avour of Bangladesh during its struggle. I even went to jail. Pakistan’s atrocities in Bangladesh are well known…the pictures didn’t allow me to sleep,” PM Modi said. He also paid respect to the Indian Army who f ought f or the f reedom of Bangladesh and also paid respect to Bangladesh’s Father of the Nation, ‘Bangabandhu’ Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and conferred upon him the Gandhi Peace Prize 2020. “I pay my respects to Bangabandhu. He gave his life for the people of Bangladesh. Bangabandhu Mujibur Rehman was a ray of hope. He made sure that no country could enslave Bangladesh. ”, PM Modi said.

Q1: The Gandhi Peace Prize is awarded for
(a) Non-cooperation against social injustice.
(b) Humanitarian leadership.
(c) Social and economic development in villages.
(d) Social, economic, and political transformation through non-violence.
Ans: (d) Social, economic, and political transformation through non-violence
The Gandhi Peace Prize was instituted by the Government of India in 1995 during the commemoration of the 125th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.

• The award is given to those involved in social, economic, and political transformation through non-violence.
• The award carries an amount of `1 crore, a Citation in a scroll, a plaque, as well as an exquisite traditional handicraft/handloom item.
• The annual award is given to individuals, associations, institutions, or organizations that have worked selflessly for peace, non-violence, and amelioration of human sufferings.

Q2: The Gandhi Peace Prize was awarded for the first time in the year 1995 to
(a) Dr. Julius K. Nyerere, former President of Tanzania.
(b) Archbishop Desmond Tutu, South Africa.
(c) Dr. John Hume, Ireland.
(d) Baba Amte (Murlidhar Devidas Amte), India.
Ans: (a) Dr. Julius K. Nyerere, former President of Tanzania
The first-ever Gandhi Peace Prize was given to Julius Nyerere, the Tanzanian politician who served as the leader of Tanzania and promoted African nationalism and socialism.

• He preached Gandhian teachings and was greatly influenced by Mahatma Gandhi.

Q3: Which of the following Indian organisations was awarded the Gandhi Peace Prize in 2014?
(a) Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
(b) Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC).
(c) Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).
(d) Radha Soami Satsang Beas (RSSB).
Ans: (c) Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)
The Gandhi Peace Prize, instituted as a tribute to the ideals backed by Gandhi, was conferred in 2014 to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

• ISRO was established in August 1969.

Q4: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman served as the first ______ of Bangladesh.
(a) Prime Minister
(b) President
(c) Home Minister
(d) Defence Minister
Ans: (b) President
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, popularly known as Bangabandhu, is considered to be the force behind the independence of Bangladesh.

• He became the first President of Bangladesh and later the Prime Minister until his assassination on 15 August 1975.
• He was given the Gandhi Peace Prize in 2020 for his outstanding contributions towards social, economic, and political transformation through non-violent and other Gandhian methods.

Q5: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was assassinated on
(a) August 15, 1960
(b) November 15, 1975
(c) August 15, 1975
(d) November 15, 1960
Ans: (c) August 15, 1975
On 15 August 1975, a group of junior army officers invaded the presidential residence with tanks and killed Mujib, his family, and personal staff.

• Only his daughters Sheikh Hasina and Sheikh Rehana, who were visiting West Germany at the time, escaped.

6. The search for efficient trade routes and better connectivity has been one of the powerful driving forces of history. It has determined the prospects of many nations, regions and civilizations over time. Today, as the world goes through a fundamental re-balancing, correcting many of the distortions of the past, it is only natural that connectivity should be central to that exercise. Growth in trade, commerce, industrial development and technological advancement has gone hand in hand with ease of connecting. Maritime connectivity, in particular, has played a significant role in creating regional corridors for trade and economic linkages, as indeed for cultural and intellectual exchanges over the centuries. The shift in the fulcrum of global economic growth towards Asia is creating unprecedented opportunities for connectivity in the region. The Government of India, recognising the importance of regional connectivity, made a landmark decision to undertake an overseas port investment in Chabahar.

Q1: The Chabahar Day was commemorated by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways in which of the following Summit?
(a) India Water Impact Summit
(b) Sustainable Ocean Summit
(c) World Ocean Summit
(d) Maritime India Summit
Ans: (d) Maritime India Summit
India commemorated ‘Chabahar Day’ on 4 March on the sidelines of the Second edition of the International Maritime Summit-2021 held from March 02-04, 2021.

Q2: Which of the following is correct about the Chabahar Port?
(a) It is located in south east of Iran in Oman sea.
(b) It has marine border of more than 300 km.
(c) Both (a) and (b).
(d) None of the above.
Ans: (c) Both (a) and (b)
Chabahar Port is located in the Gulf of Oman on the southeastern coast of Iran.

• It is only 72 km away from the Gwadar port in Pakistan, which has been developed by China.
• It has a marine border more than 300 km.
• The port is a key pillar of India’s Indo-Pacific vision to connect Eurasia with the Indian Ocean Region.

Q3: Which of the following statements relate to the Chabahar Port and its impact?
(a) It is a transit hub to support landlocked countries of Central Asia.
(b) It will play an important role in international North-South transit Corridor (INSTC).
(c) It will optimize the logistic cost by bringing in efficiency, and creating a reliable and safe transport corridor.
(d) All of the above.
Ans: (d) All of the above
Chabahar port is a major transit point to connect with several Central Asian countries:

• It is the only Iranian port with direct access to the Indian Ocean.
• Due to its closeness to Afghanistan and the Central Asian countries of Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, etc., it boosts India’s bilateral ties with Iran, a major oil supplier for India.
• It will give India access to Afghanistan, Russia, and Europe, thus circumventing Pakistan.
• The port and the rail project (Chabahar to Zahedan to Zarang near the Afghanistan border) will enhance connectivity, energy supplies, and trade.
• The port is a key link in the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC), a multimodal network of ships, rail, and road routes to move freight between India and Russia via Iran.
• Being the nearest port to India on the Iranian coast, it provides access to the resources and markets of Afghanistan and Central Asia.

Q4: The Chabahar Port is a result of trilateral agreement between which of the following countries?
(a) India-Iran-Afghanistan
(b) India-Iran-Iraq
(c) Iran-Iraq-Afghanistan
(d) India-Qatar-Pakistan
Ans: (a) India-Iran-Afghanistan
The Chabahar port is a result of a trilateral agreement between Iran, Afghanistan, and India.

• The three countries agreed on the routes for trade and tourist corridors between them.

Q5: Which is the Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) incorporated for the development and management of Shahid Behesti Port of Chabahar?
(a) The Indian Port Rail Corporation
(b) Western Shipbuilding Private Limited
(c) India Ports Global Limited
(d) Karaikal Port Private Limited
Ans: (c) India Ports Global Limited
India Ports Global Ltd. (IPGL), Mumbai, is incorporated under the shipping ministry as a Special Purpose Vehicle jointly promoted by Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) and Deen Dayal Port Trust (DPT) for the development and management of Shahid Beheshti Port of Chabahar.

7. India has added Tso Kar Wetland Complex in Ladakh as its 42 nd Ramsar site, which is a second one in the Union Territory (UT) of Ladakh. Expressing happiness, Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Shri Prakash Javadekar shared this information in a tweet message. The Tso Kar Basin is a high-altitude wetland complex, consisting of two principal waterbodies, Startsapuk Tso, a freshwater lake of about 438 hectares to the south, and Tso Kar itself, a hypersaline lake of 1800 hectares to the north, situated in the Changthang region of Ladakh, India. It is called Tso Kar, meaning white lake, because of the white salt efflorescence found on the margins due to the evaporation of highly saline water. The Tso Kar Basin is an A1 Category Important Bird Area (IBA) as per Bird Life International and a key staging site in the Central Asian Flyway. The site is also one of the most important breeding areas of the Blacknecked Crane (Grus nigricollis) in India. This IBA is also the major breeding area for Great Crested Grebe (Podicepscristatus), Bar-headed Geese (Anserindicus), Ruddy Shelduck (Tadornaferruginea), Brown-headed Gull (Larusbrunnicephalus), Lesser Sand-Plover (Charadriusmongolus) and many other species.

Q1: Which of the following sites in India is not included in the Ramsar Wetland List?
(a) Asan Conservation Reserve, Uttarakhand
(b) Dal Lake, Jammu and Kashmir
(c) Kabartal Wetland, Bihar
(d) Lonar Lake, Maharashtra
Ans: (b) Dal Lake, Jammu and Kashmir
Dal Lake, Jammu and Kashmir, is not included in the Ramsar Wetland List.

• There are 54 wetlands in India that have international importance and are hence recognized as Ramsar Sites in India.
• There are currently over 2400 Ramsar sites in the world, covering an area of 2.5 million square kilometers.

Q2: The World Wetlands Day is celebrated on
(a) February 15
(b) February 6
(c) February 2
(d) February 28
Ans: (c) February 2
World Wetlands Day is celebrated on February 2.

• The Ramsar Convention was signed on February 2, 1971, and came into force in 1975.
• The convention came into force in India on February 1, 1982.

Q3: The theme for World Wetlands Day 2021 was
(a) Wetlands and Climate Change
(b) Wetlands and Water
(c) Wetlands and Biodiversity
(d) Wetlands for our Future: Sustainable Livelihoods
Ans: (b) Wetlands and Water
The year 2021 commemorates the 50th anniversary of the Convention on Wetlands, signed on February 2, 1971, in the Iranian city of Ramsar. The theme for 2021 was ‘Wetlands and Water.’

Q4: The World’s largest mangrove forest is located in
(a) Sundarban Mangrove
(b) Pichavaram Mangrove
(c) Florida Mangrove
(d) Godavari-Krishna Mangroves
Ans: (a) Sundarban Mangrove
The Sundarbans Reserve Forest is located across India and Bangladesh on the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers at the Bay of Bengal.

• It is the largest contiguous mangrove forest in the world.

Q5: On the occasion of the World Wetland Day 2021 and as a part of commitment towards conservation, restoration, and management of India’s wetlands, establishment of a centre was announced by the name of
(a) Centre for Wetland and Coastal Management
(b) Centre for Wildlife Conservation and Management
(c) Centre for Wildlife Management
(d) Centre for Wetland Conservation and Management
Ans: (d) Centre for Wetland Conservation and Management
To fulfill its commitment towards the conservation, restoration, and management of India’s wetlands, the government announced the establishment of a Centre for Wetland Conservation and Management (CWCM), as part of the National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management (NCSCM), on the occasion of World Wetland Day, celebrated on February 2, 2021.