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2. Making of the Constitution - Polity, Civil Services Examination | RAS RPSC Prelims Preparation - Notes, Study Material & Tests - RPSC RAS (Rajasthan) PDF Download

Making of the constitution : The Timeline

  • 1934: Idea of constituent assembly put forward by M N Roy
  • 1935: INC officially demands constituent assembly
  • 1938: JL Nehru’s declaration on the constitution of India
  • 1940: Nehru’s demand accepted in the form of August Offer
  • August Offer
    • PM: Winston Churchill
    • While rejecting INCs demand for independence of India after the war on the ground that INC is not representative of the minorities, three offers were made
    • Expansion of Viceroy’s executive council with the inclusion of Indian representatives
    • An advisory body with the members from British India and Indian princely states which were supposed to meet at consequent intervals was established
    • Two practical steps were decided to be taken in which it was to come at an agreement with the Indians on the form which the post representatives body should take and the methods by which it should come to a conclusion.
    • It further planned to draw out the principles and outlines of the Constitution itself
    • Congress rejected the offer
  • 1942: Cripps Mission
    • PM: Winston Churchill Sec of State: Leo Amery                               
    • Viceroy: Linlithgow
    • On the framing of an independent constitution to be adopted after the WW II
    • Cripps proposals rejected by the ML which wanted India to be divided into two autonomous states
  • 1946: Cabinet Mission
    • PM: Clement Attlee Viceroy: Lord Wavell
    • Members: Pethick Lawrence (sec of state for India), Stafford Cripps, A V Alexander
    • Simla Conference
    • May 16 plan
      • United dominion of india would be given independence
      • Muslim majority and Hindu majority provinces to be grouped
      • Central government to run foreign affairs, defence and communications while rest of the responsibility would belong to the provinces, coordinated by the two groups
    • Interim cabinet was formed. ML joined the cabinet but decided to boycott the constituent assembly
  • 1946, Nov: Constituent Assembly formed under the Cabinet Mission Plan
  • First meeting of CA on December 9, 1946. Sacchidanada Sinha was elected the temporary Presidetn
  • Dec 11, 1946: Rajendra Prasad and H C Mukharjee elected as the President and VP of the assembly respectively.
  • BN Rao was the constitutional advisor to the assembly
  • Dec 13, 1946: Objectives Resolution moved by JL Nehru
  • Jan 22, 1947: Objectives resolution adopted
  • June 3, 1947: Mountbatten plan. Partition of the country announced.
  • Jan 24, 1950: Final session of the CA. It however continued as a provisional body from Jan 26, 1950 till the formation of the new Parliament after the first general elections in 1951-52

Major Committees of CA

Committee

Chairman

Union Powers Committee

JL Nehru

Union Constitution Committee

JL Nehru

Committee for Negotiating with States

JL Nehru

Steering Committee

Rajendra Prasad

Rules of Procedure Committee

Rajendra Prasad

Provincial Constitution Committee

Sardar Patel

Committee on Fundamental Rights and  Minorities.

Two sub committees ( FR , Minorities)

Sardar Patel

(J B Kriplani, H C Mukharjee)

Drafting Committee

B R Ambedkar

  • Drafting Committee was setup on Aug 29, 1947. It had seven members
    • B R Ambedkar
    • Alladi Krisnaswamy Ayyer
    • N Gopalaswamy Ayyangar
    • K M Munshi
    • TT Krishnamchari
    • N Madhava Rau
    • Syed Mohammad Saadullah
  • Nov 26, 1949: Constitution was adopted
  • The Preamble was enacted after the entire Constitution was already enacted
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FAQs on 2. Making of the Constitution - Polity, Civil Services Examination - RAS RPSC Prelims Preparation - Notes, Study Material & Tests - RPSC RAS (Rajasthan)

1. What is the significance of the Constitution in the Civil Services Examination conducted by UPSC?
Ans. The Constitution is an important topic in the Polity section of the Civil Services Examination conducted by UPSC. It is essential for the candidates to have a thorough understanding of the making of the Constitution, its provisions, and its significance in order to score well in this exam.
2. What are the key features of the Constitution that are usually asked in the UPSC Civil Services Examination?
Ans. The UPSC Civil Services Examination often asks about the key features of the Constitution. Some of the important features include the Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, the structure of government, the fundamental duties of citizens, and the amendment process.
3. How does the knowledge of the making of the Constitution help in the UPSC Civil Services Examination?
Ans. Understanding the making of the Constitution is crucial for the UPSC Civil Services Examination as it provides insights into the historical context, the process of drafting, and the principles underlying the Constitution. This knowledge helps candidates analyze and interpret various constitutional provisions and their implications in contemporary governance and policymaking.
4. Are there any specific articles related to the making of the Constitution that frequently appear in the UPSC Civil Services Examination?
Ans. Yes, there are specific articles related to the making of the Constitution that are often asked in the UPSC Civil Services Examination. Some of these include Article 368 (Amendment of the Constitution), Article 370 (Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir), and Article 395 (Repeals).
5. How can candidates effectively prepare for questions related to the making of the Constitution in the UPSC Civil Services Examination?
Ans. To effectively prepare for questions related to the making of the Constitution, candidates should study the historical background, the framing of the Constitution, the constituent assembly debates, and the key provisions of the Constitution. They should also refer to relevant books, study materials, and previous year question papers to understand the pattern and types of questions asked in the exam. Regular practice, revision, and mock tests will help in gaining confidence and scoring well in this topic.
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