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Muscular System
- Human body has about 639 types of muscles.
- Muscles specialized to contraction are of 3 types :
- Striated
- Unstriated and
- Cardiac.
Striated Muscles
- Striated Muscles are also called Skeletal Muscles. These muscles are mostly attached to bones by tendons and takes part in voluntary movements under conscious control of brain.
- Therefore they are called voluntary muscles. Each muscle fibre shows dark and light striations and is covered by a sheath, the sarcolemma.
Striated Muscles
- Its cytoplasm is called sarcoplasm in which are present large number of contractile myofibrils.
- Myofibrils are made up of thick myosin and thin actin filaments.
- They are present in limbs, tongue, pharynx, etc.
Unstriated Muscles
- These smooth muscles are involuntary muscles.
- Functionally they are of two types – single unit and multi unit.
- Single unit smooth muscles are present in urinary bladder and gastro intestinal tract.
- Multi unit smooth muscles are present in walls of large blood vessels.
Cardiac Muscles
- They are involuntary, striated and non fatigued fibers which are found in the wall of heart where they form myocardium.
- They generate their own wave of excitation.
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FAQs on Muscular System - Notes, Biology - General Awareness & Knowledge - Bank Exams
| 1. What are the main functions of the muscular system? |  |
| 2. How many types of muscles are present in the human body? | |
Ans. There are three types of muscles in the human body: skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles, and smooth muscles.
| 3. What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles? | |
Ans. Voluntary muscles are under conscious control, meaning we can choose to move them, such as skeletal muscles. In contrast, involuntary muscles, like cardiac and smooth muscles, are not under conscious control.
| 4. How do muscles contract and relax? | |
Ans. Muscles contract and relax through a process called sliding filament theory. When a muscle receives a signal from the nervous system, the actin and myosin filaments within the muscle fibers slide past each other, causing the muscle to contract. Relaxation occurs when the filaments slide back to their original positions.
| 5. How can we keep our muscles healthy and strong? | |
Ans. To keep muscles healthy and strong, regular exercise is crucial. Engaging in activities that involve resistance training, such as weightlifting, can help build muscle mass. Additionally, maintaining a balanced diet that includes protein, staying hydrated, and getting enough rest are essential for muscle health.
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