Game Development Exam > Game Development Videos > Allegro: A Complete Guide > C++ Allegro 5 Made Easy Tutorial 8 - Timer Events
C++ Allegro 5 Made Easy Tutorial 8 - Timer Events Video Lecture | Allegro: A Complete Guide - Game Development
FAQs on C++ Allegro 5 Made Easy Tutorial 8 - Timer Events Video Lecture - Allegro: A Complete Guide - Game Development
| 1. How do I create a timer event in Allegro 5? |  |
Ans. To create a timer event in Allegro 5, you can use the function `al_register_event_source()` to register a timer event source. Then, you need to set the timer interval using `al_init_timeout()` and start the timer using `al_start_timer()`.
| 2. How can I handle timer events in my game development using Allegro 5? | |
Ans. To handle timer events in your game development using Allegro 5, you can use the function `al_wait_for_event()` to wait for events, and then check if the received event is a timer event using `ALLEGRO_EVENT_TIMER`. If it is a timer event, you can perform the necessary actions based on your game logic.
| 3. Can I have multiple timer events in Allegro 5? | |
Ans. Yes, you can have multiple timer events in Allegro 5. To achieve this, you can create multiple timer event sources using `al_create_timer()` and register them using `al_register_event_source()`. Each timer event source can have its own interval and callback function, allowing you to handle multiple timers independently.
| 4. How do I stop a timer event in Allegro 5? | |
Ans. To stop a timer event in Allegro 5, you can use the function `al_stop_timer()` and pass the timer event source as the parameter. This will stop the timer from generating further timer events. Additionally, you can also use `al_destroy_timer()` to completely destroy the timer event source.
| 5. Is it possible to change the interval of a timer event dynamically in Allegro 5? | |
Ans. Yes, it is possible to change the interval of a timer event dynamically in Allegro 5. You can use the function `al_set_timer_speed()` and pass the timer event source and the new interval as parameters. This will update the interval of the timer event source, allowing you to adjust the timing of your game events as needed.
Text Transcript from Video
hello everybody and welcome to your next
Allegro 5 tutorial so in this tutorial
we're going to be learning about timers
and how that can actually help our
movement be less staggered now before I
start in the last tutorial I put up I
just put up an annotation
I actually accidentally said this just
equals or not equals equals and that
kind of changed that changed the way the
code works because before before I could
still move and stuff like when I held on
the key but what it really suppose to
happen is that when do you press down
the key or whatever it's just suppose
it's not supposed to when you hold it
down it's not supposed to move you just
supposed to be able to only press it
once and it moves one space at the time
so let's get into this tutorial so with
timers timer's regulate they they help
time the loop so then your game runs
efficiently the same speed on every
single computer if you've ever heard
about games like that use French for a
second friends per second basically
regulates the tells a compiler the
computer whatever
I mean tells a game when to update
certain elements when to draw certain
elements etc etc so we're going to learn
about how to create timers and how to
implement them into our program okay so
first and foremost we're going to want
to create another boolean called draw
okay and we're gonna set it to true and
what we're gonna want to do don't worry
about that draw right there we'll we'll
focus on that later what we want to do
is that we want to create a timer so we
created a timer by doing a level
underscore timer and the name of a
pointer to the name of the timer and
then we do a leg row create timer and
our timer is how many our time is gonna
say when to update right so if we want
to run our program at say 60 frames per
second we're gonna have to do 1 divided
by 60
because if we wanna have one is
representing the second and divided by
60 is gonna give us the amount of
milliseconds and whatever that number
gives us that when it reaches that
certain amount of milliseconds and we'll
update our code and then I've every
single loop it will update it 60 times
per second so for an example if I get my
calculator right here if I do 1 divided
by 60 that gives us 0.016 so every 0.01
6 milliseconds our game loop will update
and when you add that up if you multiply
that by 60 or add up to 60 times per
second ok so instead of just doing 60
right there what we'll do is put a
variable conference for a second and
we'll just use a constant constant int
or double whatever you want to put flow
FPS is equal to 60 so we'll do it this
way just in case anything else relies on
the frames per second that we don't have
to change all the values in our program
so we haven't set to 60 frames per
second so it's gonna update but our
timer we're going to be using an event
with our timers so just like with every
other event we have to register our our
event source so we do Lal register event
source open our queue and we do L get
timer event source and if you notice a
lot of these although these commands are
really long
you'll notice that a lot of these
commands are the same or they're
relatively easy to memorize once you
kind of understand what the purpose is
so like when you're like doing drawing a
rectangle or whatever if you remember
that everything starts with a L well
most of the functions start with a L
underscore and you know that once you're
doing something with the rectangle
you're mostly drawing it to the screen
then you know your function name is
probably a rectangle draw or arrow draw
rectangle
and and that's that's a good way to kind
of help memorize the method or the
functions or whatever
since they can be kind of hard to
memorize but yeah so we get our timer
eventsource
and we put in our timer right there okay
so once we once you do that what we need
to do is that we need to do a on start
timer and when you put in the name of
our time runner in here and their
parameters and we'll start the timer now
one thing to know don't do anything
after the timer
except for put in the game loop if you
try to initialize any variables or
trying to do anything after the timer it
might mess up your timer and you don't
want that if you even mess up your timer
commence every game it can ruin the flow
rate game so anyways we start the timer
and if we run this program we'll see a
difference pencil after bat before when
we run our program we didn't see our box
before the box never showed up but now
it shows up right away now if you notice
our movement is still staggered right we
still have to keep on pressing to do
movement but we're it's a we're getting
a start we're getting somewhere
so let us scroll down to see what we can
do to know actually the scroll up and
what we're gonna do is we're gonna
create a enum okay so let's make an enum
called direction and then this enum are
gonna have up down left and right and
there's a there is a reason I'm creating
enum now you might be saying this is why
do we need to do all this but I'm doing
this for future tutorials when we learn
about spreadsheets and stuff that's
gonna be really significant to us so
what we're gonna have a do is have a
direction called integer variable called
direction and we're gonna set the
direction to two down okay so what we're
gonna do is that instead of increasing
this by mu speed every single time what
we're gonna do is that we're going to
say
it's Direction equal to down and same
for all of these so to save time I'm
just gonna pause it and do it and then
run it when it's done okay so as you see
we have our direction left right up and
down so we registered our timer event
but we haven't done anything whether
timer event so what we're gonna do is
that we're going to say that if events
dot type is equal to Allegro event timer
so if it if it's time our timer ticks or
if it's at 0.01 6 milliseconds so if
it's time to update our timer then
that's what we're gonna do so we're
gonna do a switch statement have our
direction in there have case and we can
switch all these so now we can copy all
this copy this thing right here and post
it in there so if they press the down
key then we're going to change our our Y
plus equals moon speed they press down I
may have to press up sorry Y minus
equals move speed if they press right X
plus equals move speed and if they press
left X minus equal moon speed so just
from that if you run this program oh
this is a capital y should be lowercase
Y so no movement is occurring that means
I made an error so let's check what I
did wrong
oh my bad what am i doing I checked for
a Lego key down sorry we should be
checking for our enum so f Direction
equals to up down up left or right then
this is what we're gonna do so run this
one more time so as you can see it
starts moving down our first could we
set our initial direction there down and
when we press a different direction that
continues moving in that direction so
now so now we got a smooth animation
from that but one problem is that we
don't want to just randomly draw we want
to draw 60 tons per second so we only
want to draw whenever we update
something cuz we don't yeah we only want
to draw a dress or an update because we
haven't updated in anything then what's
the point of redrawing something or
nothing has changed in our game world
right so we can easily copy this code
and put this code within this timer
right here but once you work with timers
you want your one to look at events you
don't want much things in your event
news because or in your event statements
or whatever because if you do a lot of
stuff with them it could ruin the flow
of the events so what you the reason why
I told you to create that draw bullying
right there is that what we're gonna do
is we're gonna set it that if um if the
event start timer if it occurs so if we
update if we activate our update timer
then we set drive it true
so if draws you go to true then we put
all these all the draw commands in there
so draws you gotta true then we draw
everything to the screen and if it's not
then we don't and then after that we
just we just said draw equal to false so
we're basically in super centers drawing
drawing requires a lot from the hardware
right so instead of putting that in the
event a timer and then ruining that type
of event or ruining the sequence of the
events we just make we just said dry
equals are true and you never draws true
then we draw everything and we set dry
call so false again
so if we run this program right here we
won't notice really much of a difference
but everything is drawn according to
whenever we update something on our
screen so that is it for this tutorial I
hope you enjoyed it thanks for watching
and bye
Allegro 5 tutorial so in this tutorial
we're going to be learning about timers
and how that can actually help our
movement be less staggered now before I
start in the last tutorial I put up I
just put up an annotation
I actually accidentally said this just
equals or not equals equals and that
kind of changed that changed the way the
code works because before before I could
still move and stuff like when I held on
the key but what it really suppose to
happen is that when do you press down
the key or whatever it's just suppose
it's not supposed to when you hold it
down it's not supposed to move you just
supposed to be able to only press it
once and it moves one space at the time
so let's get into this tutorial so with
timers timer's regulate they they help
time the loop so then your game runs
efficiently the same speed on every
single computer if you've ever heard
about games like that use French for a
second friends per second basically
regulates the tells a compiler the
computer whatever
I mean tells a game when to update
certain elements when to draw certain
elements etc etc so we're going to learn
about how to create timers and how to
implement them into our program okay so
first and foremost we're going to want
to create another boolean called draw
okay and we're gonna set it to true and
what we're gonna want to do don't worry
about that draw right there we'll we'll
focus on that later what we want to do
is that we want to create a timer so we
created a timer by doing a level
underscore timer and the name of a
pointer to the name of the timer and
then we do a leg row create timer and
our timer is how many our time is gonna
say when to update right so if we want
to run our program at say 60 frames per
second we're gonna have to do 1 divided
by 60
because if we wanna have one is
representing the second and divided by
60 is gonna give us the amount of
milliseconds and whatever that number
gives us that when it reaches that
certain amount of milliseconds and we'll
update our code and then I've every
single loop it will update it 60 times
per second so for an example if I get my
calculator right here if I do 1 divided
by 60 that gives us 0.016 so every 0.01
6 milliseconds our game loop will update
and when you add that up if you multiply
that by 60 or add up to 60 times per
second ok so instead of just doing 60
right there what we'll do is put a
variable conference for a second and
we'll just use a constant constant int
or double whatever you want to put flow
FPS is equal to 60 so we'll do it this
way just in case anything else relies on
the frames per second that we don't have
to change all the values in our program
so we haven't set to 60 frames per
second so it's gonna update but our
timer we're going to be using an event
with our timers so just like with every
other event we have to register our our
event source so we do Lal register event
source open our queue and we do L get
timer event source and if you notice a
lot of these although these commands are
really long
you'll notice that a lot of these
commands are the same or they're
relatively easy to memorize once you
kind of understand what the purpose is
so like when you're like doing drawing a
rectangle or whatever if you remember
that everything starts with a L well
most of the functions start with a L
underscore and you know that once you're
doing something with the rectangle
you're mostly drawing it to the screen
then you know your function name is
probably a rectangle draw or arrow draw
rectangle
and and that's that's a good way to kind
of help memorize the method or the
functions or whatever
since they can be kind of hard to
memorize but yeah so we get our timer
eventsource
and we put in our timer right there okay
so once we once you do that what we need
to do is that we need to do a on start
timer and when you put in the name of
our time runner in here and their
parameters and we'll start the timer now
one thing to know don't do anything
after the timer
except for put in the game loop if you
try to initialize any variables or
trying to do anything after the timer it
might mess up your timer and you don't
want that if you even mess up your timer
commence every game it can ruin the flow
rate game so anyways we start the timer
and if we run this program we'll see a
difference pencil after bat before when
we run our program we didn't see our box
before the box never showed up but now
it shows up right away now if you notice
our movement is still staggered right we
still have to keep on pressing to do
movement but we're it's a we're getting
a start we're getting somewhere
so let us scroll down to see what we can
do to know actually the scroll up and
what we're gonna do is we're gonna
create a enum okay so let's make an enum
called direction and then this enum are
gonna have up down left and right and
there's a there is a reason I'm creating
enum now you might be saying this is why
do we need to do all this but I'm doing
this for future tutorials when we learn
about spreadsheets and stuff that's
gonna be really significant to us so
what we're gonna have a do is have a
direction called integer variable called
direction and we're gonna set the
direction to two down okay so what we're
gonna do is that instead of increasing
this by mu speed every single time what
we're gonna do is that we're going to
say
it's Direction equal to down and same
for all of these so to save time I'm
just gonna pause it and do it and then
run it when it's done okay so as you see
we have our direction left right up and
down so we registered our timer event
but we haven't done anything whether
timer event so what we're gonna do is
that we're going to say that if events
dot type is equal to Allegro event timer
so if it if it's time our timer ticks or
if it's at 0.01 6 milliseconds so if
it's time to update our timer then
that's what we're gonna do so we're
gonna do a switch statement have our
direction in there have case and we can
switch all these so now we can copy all
this copy this thing right here and post
it in there so if they press the down
key then we're going to change our our Y
plus equals moon speed they press down I
may have to press up sorry Y minus
equals move speed if they press right X
plus equals move speed and if they press
left X minus equal moon speed so just
from that if you run this program oh
this is a capital y should be lowercase
Y so no movement is occurring that means
I made an error so let's check what I
did wrong
oh my bad what am i doing I checked for
a Lego key down sorry we should be
checking for our enum so f Direction
equals to up down up left or right then
this is what we're gonna do so run this
one more time so as you can see it
starts moving down our first could we
set our initial direction there down and
when we press a different direction that
continues moving in that direction so
now so now we got a smooth animation
from that but one problem is that we
don't want to just randomly draw we want
to draw 60 tons per second so we only
want to draw whenever we update
something cuz we don't yeah we only want
to draw a dress or an update because we
haven't updated in anything then what's
the point of redrawing something or
nothing has changed in our game world
right so we can easily copy this code
and put this code within this timer
right here but once you work with timers
you want your one to look at events you
don't want much things in your event
news because or in your event statements
or whatever because if you do a lot of
stuff with them it could ruin the flow
of the events so what you the reason why
I told you to create that draw bullying
right there is that what we're gonna do
is we're gonna set it that if um if the
event start timer if it occurs so if we
update if we activate our update timer
then we set drive it true
so if draws you go to true then we put
all these all the draw commands in there
so draws you gotta true then we draw
everything to the screen and if it's not
then we don't and then after that we
just we just said draw equal to false so
we're basically in super centers drawing
drawing requires a lot from the hardware
right so instead of putting that in the
event a timer and then ruining that type
of event or ruining the sequence of the
events we just make we just said dry
equals are true and you never draws true
then we draw everything and we set dry
call so false again
so if we run this program right here we
won't notice really much of a difference
but everything is drawn according to
whenever we update something on our
screen so that is it for this tutorial I
hope you enjoyed it thanks for watching
and bye
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Nov 05, 2024 Last updated |
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