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All questions of August Week 2 for NEET Exam

The process of movement of few ions or molecules across the membrane against a concentration gradient from lower to higher  concentration, it is called
a) Diffusion
b)Passive transport
c)Active transport
d) Osmosis
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vijay Bansal answered
Passive transport, also known as passive diffusion, is a process by which an ion or molecule passes through a cell wall via a concentration gradient, or from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. It’s like moving from the train to the platform of a subway station, or stepping out of a crowded room. Basically, passive transport gives an ion or molecule “room to breathe.”
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Smallest free living organism are
  • a)
    PPLOs
  • b)
    Bacteria
  • c)
    Viroids
  • d)
    Virus
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Shounak Nair answered
PleuroPneumonia Like Organisms (PPLOs) are considered as smallest free living organism. It do not contain cell membrane or cell wall and present as fluid. It causes disease in plants.

An engine develops a power of 360 kw, when rotating at 30 revolutions per second. The Torque required to deliver this power is
  • a)
    191.08 Nm
  • b)
    19108 Nm
  • c)
    1910.8 Nm
  • d)
    19.108 Nm
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Preeti Iyer answered
The power delivered by the torque τ exerted on rotating body is given by
P=τω or τ=P/ω
Here P=360KW=360000 Watt
ω=30 x 2π rad/sec,
ω=60π rad/sec
now,
τ=360000 /60×3.14Nm
τ= 1910.8 Nm

The structure of plasma membrane fluid mosaic model is proposed by
  • a)
    Gram
  • b)
    Singer and Nicolson
  • c)
    Schwann and Schleiden
  • d)
    Robert brown
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajeev Saxena answered
 An improved model of the structure of cell membrane was proposed by S.J. Singer and G.L. Nicolson (1972) widely accepted as fluid mosaic model.CORRECT OPTION IS B.

Lysosomes are produced by
  • a)
    Leucoplast
  • b)
    Golgi bodies
  • c)
    Mitochondria
  • d)
    Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rohan Unni answered
These are membrane bound vesicular structures formed by the process of packaging in the Golgi apparatus.

Chlorophyll is located inside
  • a)
    Stroma
  • b)
    Plasma lemma
  • c)
    Chromatophores
  • d)
    Thylakoids
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Mrinalini Bajaj answered
The chloroplast consists of a number of organised flattened membranous sacs called the thylakoids,Chlorophyll pigments are present in the thylakoids.

Cytoskeleton is made of
  • a)
    Phosphoglycerides
  • b)
    Micro tubules
  • c)
    Proteinaceousfilaments
  • d)
    Hemicellulose
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajeev Saxena answered
Proteinaceous filaments
The cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells is crisscrossed by a network of protein fibres that support the shape of the cell and anchor organelles to fixed locations. It is a dynamic system with three types of fibres-actin filaments, microtubule and intermediate filaments.

Animal cell do not possess
  • a)
    Centriole
  • b)
    Plamsodesmata
  • c)
    Ribosomes
  • d)
    Plasmalemma
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Prisha Singh answered
Animal cell do not possess plasmodesmata but it contain ribosomes, centriole andplamalemma. Plasmodesmata is the connection between two plant cells.

The rotational analog to the expression F = ma in linear motion is ___________in rotational motion.
  • a)
    τ = mα
  • b)
    F= Iα
  • c)
    τ = Iα
  • d)
    F = mα
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Preeti Iyer answered
Force (in linear) = torque (in rotational)
Mass (in linear motion) = moment of inertia ( l ) (in rotational motion)
Acceleration(a) (in linear) = angular acceleration (α) (in rotational)
F = ma (in linear) and torque = Iα (in rotational)

Sulphur (2.56 g) is burned in a constant volume calorimeter with excess O2(g). The temperature increases from 21.25°C to 26.72°C . The bomb has a heat capacity of 923 JK-1. Calorimeter contains 815 g of water. Thus, change in internal energy per mole of SO2 formed for the reaction is
(specific heat of water is 4.184 JK-1g-1.)
  • a)
    - 296.27 kJ
  • b)
    + 296.27 kJ
  • c)
    - 2370.13 kJ
  • d)
    + 2370.13 kJ
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
Moles of S8 = 2.56/256 = 0.01
So, moles of SO2  formed = 0.08
Rise in temperature = (273+26.72)K - (273+21.25)K
= 5.47 K
Total Energy in internal energy (as system is at constant volume) = -(923 jK-1 × 5.47 +815g×4.18)
= -23701.29 J = -23.70129 kJ
Thus change in internal energy per mole of formed = -23.7012kJ/0.08 = -296.3 kJ

 A stone of mass m tied to a string of length l is rotating along a circular path with constant speed v. The torque on the stone is
  • a)
    zero
  • b)
    mvl
  • c)
    mv/l
  • d)
    mv2/l
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Preeti Iyer answered
Hence the torque is zero .Because the line of action of the tension passes through the centre .So lever arm of tension is zero So the torque acting is also zero .

Assuming the composition of air to be X (N2) = 0.80, X (O2) = 0.18 and X (CO2) = 0.02, molar heat capacity of air at constant pressure is
  • a)
    3.50R
  • b)
    4.00R
  • c)
    2.50R
  • d)
    3.51R
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Neha Joshi answered
(Cp)mixture = (µ1Cp1+µ2Cp2+µ3Cp3+.........)/µ1+µ2+µ3+.........   where µ is the no of moles.
Or (Cp)mixture = ƞ1Cp1+ƞ2Cp2+ƞ3Cp3+.............  Where ƞ is the corr. mole fraction.
On putting the values, we have 
Cpmixture= ( 7/2*0.8 +7/2*0.18 +4*0.02)R
=3.15R

Latent heat of fusion of ice is 6.02 kJ mol-1. The heat capacity of water is 4.18 Jg-1K-1. 500 g of liquid water is to be cooled from 20°C to 0°C . Number of ice cubes (each of one mole) required is
  • a)
    1
  • b)
    7
  • c)
    14
  • d)
    125
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajat Patel answered
Molecular mass of hydrogen = 1  
Molecular mass of oxygen =16  
Molecular mass of water = 18 gram per mole  
As,
n = m / M
n = 500 / 18
n = 27.8 moles  
For cooling 27.8 moles at 20 = 27.8 x 75.4 x 20 = 41.922 kilo joule
41.922/6  = 6.987 that is approximately equal to 7  
So, the number of ice cubes that are required to cool the water will be 7.

The plasma membrane consists mainly of
  • a)
    Proteins embedded in a polymer of glucose molecules
  • b)
    Proteins embedded in a phospholipids layer
  • c)
    Proteins embedded in a glucose molecules
  • d)
    Proteins embedded in a carbohydrate bilayer
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Charvi Shah answered
The plasma membrane is composed of lipids that are arranged in a bilayer. Also, the lipids are arranged within the membrane with the polar head towards the outer sides and the hydrophobic tails towards the inner part. The membrane proteins can be classified as integral or peripheral. Peripheral proteins lie on the surface

The eukaryotic ribosomes are of
  • a)
    50S
  • b)
    30S
  • c)
    80S
  • d)
    70S
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushant Goyal answered
The eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S while the prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S. Here ‘S’ stands for the sedimentation coefficient; it indirectly is a measure of density and size.

The stacks of closely packed thylakoids is called
  • a)
    Lumen
  • b)
    Matrix
  • c)
    Stroma
  • d)
    Granum
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Bhargavi Choudhury answered
The stacks or closely packed thylakoids is called granum. Chlorophyll is present inside the thylakoidsto perform photosynthesis in plant cells.

The heat capacity of a calorimeter (commonly called the calorimeter constant) was determined by heating the calorimeter and its content using an electrical heater. If ΔT = 1.221 K as 1.25 A of electricity at 3.26 V was passed through the heater immersed in 137.5 g of water in the calorimeter for 175 s, determine the calorimeter constant (in JK-1). (Specific heat of water at constant pressure is 75.291 JK-1 mol-1).
    Correct answer is '9'. Can you explain this answer?

    Poulomi Singh answered
    Subtracting the energy gained by the cold water from the energy lost by the hot water. This will give us the amount of energy gained by the calorimeter. Dividing the energy gained by the calorimeter by Tc (the temperature change of the cold water). This final answer is calorimeter constant
    ms(dT)=137.5×4.184×1.221=702
    joules=coulomb×volt =. 1.25×175×3.26=713
    713 - 702 = 11
    (11/1.221) = 9

    Direction (Q. Nos. 9) This sectionis based on statement I and Statement II. Select the correct answer from the code given below.
    Q.
    Statement I : Cv value of helium (He) is always 3/2R but Cv value of hydrogen (H2) is 3/2R at low temperature, 5/2R at moderate temperature and more than 5/2R at higher temperature.
    Statement II : At lower temperature, only translational degree of freedom contributes to heat capacity while at higher temperature, rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom also contribute to heat capacity.
    • a)
      Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
    • b)
      Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
    • c)
      Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
    • d)
      Statement II is correct but Statement I is incorrect
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Bhargavi Joshi answered
    In case of helium (monoatomic gas) we have only three degrees of freedom which correspond to three translational motion so the total heat capacity will increase. The contributors by vibrational motion are not appreciable at low temperature but increase from 0 to R when temperature increases.
    CV=−f(R)/2
    CV=-f(R)2, where f is the degree of freedom. At low temperature only translational motion is considered and f=3
    ∴CV=3R/2
    f=3.∴CV=3R2 At moderate temperature both translational and rotational motions are considered. 
    f=3+2
    f=3+2 (3-translational and 2 rotational). 
    ∴CV=5R/2
    ∴CV=5R2. At still high temperature translational, rotational and vibrational motions are considered. 
    f=3+2+2
    f=3+2+2 (3-translatinal , 2-rotational, 2-vibrational). 
    ∴CV=7R/2

    The fluid filled vacuoles or vesicles which are separated from cytoplasm by a selectively permeable membrane called
    • a)
      Symplast
    • b)
      Aquaplast
    • c)
      Hydroplast
    • d)
      Tonoplast
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Mehul Iyer answered
    Tonoplasts are the fluid filled vacuoles or vesicles which are separatedfrom cytoplasm by a selectively permeable membrane. It help in maintaining turgidity of the cell.

    Which of the following represents the correct relationship between angular displacement and torque?
    • a)
      Inverse proportionality
    • b)
      Equal magnitude
    • c)
      None of the mentioned
    • d)
      Direct proportionality
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Raghavendra Ghoshal answered
    Angular displacement and torque are two different concepts in physics that are related to the rotational motion of an object. The correct relationship between these two quantities is described by the option "D", which states that they are directly proportional to each other.

    **Angular Displacement:**
    - Angular displacement is a measure of the change in the orientation or position of an object undergoing rotational motion.
    - It is defined as the angle through which an object rotates in a given time interval.
    - Angular displacement is usually measured in radians (rad) or degrees (°).

    **Torque:**
    - Torque, also known as the moment of force, is a measure of the tendency of a force to cause rotational motion.
    - It is defined as the product of the force applied to an object and the distance from the point of rotation to the line of action of the force.
    - Torque is usually measured in newton-meters (Nm) or foot-pounds (ft-lb).

    **The Relationship:**
    The relationship between angular displacement and torque can be understood by considering the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's second law, known as the rotational analog of Newton's

    For a system to be in equilibrium, the net torques acting on it must balance. This is true only if the torque are taken about
    • a)
      The centre of mass of system. 
    • b)
      The centre of the system.
    • c)
      any point on the system
    • d)
      None of these
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Yash Ghoshal answered
    For a system to be in equilibrium, the net torques acting on it must indeed balance. This condition of equilibrium applies when calculating torques about any point on or outside the system, not just specific locations like the center of the system or its center of mass. This principle is a fundamental aspect of rotational dynamics and equilibrium analysis in physics.

    The most recent and accepted model of plasma membrane is
    • a)
      Lamellar model
    • b)
      Danielli and Davson model
    • c)
      Robertson model
    • d)
      Fluid-Mosaic model
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Arnav Iyer answered
    Fluid-Mosaic model is the most recent and accepted model of plasma membrane. This model was proposed by Singer and Nicolson in 1972. The quasi-fluid nature of lipid enables lateral movement of proteinswhithin the overall bilayer.

    Longest cell in human body are
    • a)
      Muscle cell
    • b)
      Nerve cells
    • c)
      Blood cells
    • d)
      Mast cells
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Arindam Khanna answered
    Nerve cell or neuron is the longest cell in human body. They are responsible for transferof information from one part of the body to the other in form of nerve impulses.

    Identify the incorrect statement regarding mitochondria:
    • a)
      The number of mitochondria per cell is same in all the cells of human body.
    • b)
      The inner membrane forms a number of infoldings called the cristae towards the matrix.
    • c)
      They divide by binary fission.
    • d)
      They are called as ‘power houses’ of the cell.
    Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

    Ambition Institute answered
    The inner membrane forms a number of infoldings called the cristae
    They produce cellular energy in the form of ATP, hence they are called ‘power houses’ of the cell. The matrix also possesses single circular DNA molecule, a few RNA molecules, ribosomes (70S) and the components required for the synthesis of proteins. The mitochondria divide by fission.

    When no external Torque acts on a system, what is conserved
    • a)
      Energy
    • b)
      Force
    • c)
      Angular momentum
    • d)
      Linear momentum
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Nandini Iyer answered
    The law of conservation of angular momentum states that when no external torque acts on an object, no change of angular momentum will occur of course not torque is the rate of change of angular momentum and angular momentum in simple sense can be seen as the product of angular velocity with moment of inertia. Changing angular velocities are behind spin skating, toe dancing etc.
    example: 
    on a disk M and radius R rotating with angular speed ωi drops a small object 
    of mass m on the edge of disk 
    before 
    Mif=Iiωi=1/2MR^2ωi 
    after 
    Mf=Ifωf=(1/MR^2+mR^2)ωf 
    it must be 
    1/2MR^2ωi=(1/MR^2+mR^2)ωf 
    then 
    ωf=ωi(1/2MR^2)/(1/MR^2+mR^2)

    Which one is not a difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell?
    • a)
      Presence of membrane bounded organelles
    • b)
      Number of chromosomes
    • c)
      Presence of nuclear membrane
    • d)
      Presence of cell wall
    Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

    Manoj Majumdar answered
    Understanding Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
    Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are the two fundamental types of cells that make up all living organisms. While they have several distinct differences, the presence of a cell wall is not one of them.
    Common Presence of Cell Walls
    - Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, often have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, which provides structure and protection.
    - Eukaryotic cells, particularly in plants and fungi, also possess a cell wall. In plants, it is primarily made of cellulose, while in fungi, it is composed of chitin.
    Key Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
    - Presence of Membrane-Bounded Organelles:
    - Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, whereas eukaryotic cells contain distinct organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum.
    - Number of Chromosomes:
    - Prokaryotic cells typically have a single, circular chromosome, while eukaryotic cells have multiple, linear chromosomes enclosed within a nuclear membrane.
    - Presence of Nuclear Membrane:
    - Prokaryotic cells do not have a nuclear membrane; their genetic material is not separated from the cytoplasm. In contrast, eukaryotic cells have a defined nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
    Conclusion
    In summary, while the presence of cell walls is common in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the other options listed highlight significant differences. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for biology, particularly in fields like microbiology and cellular biology.

    Proteins synthesized by ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum are modified in
    • a)
      Stroma
    • b)
      Cisternae
    • c)
      Tubules
    • d)
      Vesicles
    Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

    Abhijeet Goyal answered
    The number of proteins synthesised by ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum are modified in the cisternae of the golgiapparatus .

    Two cell organelles in plant cell having own genetic material is called
    • a)
      Mitochondria and Golgi bodies
    • b)
      Chloroplast and Golgi bodies
    • c)
      Mitochondria and Chloroplast
    • d)
      Golgi bodies and lysosomes
    Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

    Dipika Das answered
    Mitochondria and chloroplast contain theirown genetic material. Genetic material is mainly present in nucleus of the cell but these two cell organelles also contain own genetic material.

    Direction (Q. Nos. 12 - 14) This section contains 3 questions. when worked out will result in an integer from 0 to 9 (both inclusive).
    Q. An 88.5 g piece of iron whose temperature is 352.0 K is placed in a beaker containing 244 g of water at 292.0 K. When thermal equilibrium is reached, what is the change in the temperature of water?
    Specific heat of water and iron are (4.184 Jg-1 K-1) and (0.449 Jg-1 K-1), respectively.
      Correct answer is '2'. Can you explain this answer?

      Sagar Goyal answered
      Heat lost by iron = Heat gained by water
      Let the equilibrium temperature be T.
      mIronsIron (352-T) = mwaterswater(T-292)
      88.5×0.449×(352-T) = 244×4.18×(T-292)
      On calculation approximation, 
      40(352-T) = 1020(T-292)
      0.04(352-T) = (T-292)
      T = 306/1.04 = 294 K
      So, change in temperature of water = 294-292 = 2K

      Rotational analogue of force of linear motion is
      • a)
        Torque
      • b)
        Angular momentum
      • c)
        Weight
      • d)
        Moment of inertia
      Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

      Nandini Iyer answered
      Rotational analogue of force in linear motion is torque. Torque is the turning effect of force. Torque= forcex perpendicular distance to line if action of force from the axis of rotation.

       Which of the following is an axial vector?
      • a)
        Torque
      • b)
        Acceleration
      • c)
        Force
      • d)
        None of these
      Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

      Alok Mehta answered
      Torque is an axial vector.Axial vectors are those vectors which represent rotational effect and act along the axis of rotation. Eg: Angular velocity, torque, angular momentum etc are axial vectors.

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