All questions of Passage Based for Practice for CLAT Exam

The Foundation for Interoperability in Digital Economy (FIDE), which is the genesis co-author of the Beckn Protocol, that powers ecommerce networks like the government-backed Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC), has unveiled a multi-network AI agent that can carry out commercial transactions on the user's behalf.
The AI agent, Beckn Generative Pre-trained Transformer or BecknGPT, is an open-source demonstration app over Open AI’s ChatGPT.
“The combination of Beckn protocol and AI can unlock a whole new world of possibilities,” Sujith Nair, co-creator of the Beckn Protocol, told ET. “An AI and Beckn-aware open network digital public infrastructure can accelerate innovations that remove friction of digital access and natural language barriers, making ecommerce democratic and accessible to a wider population including small businesses."
FIDE, formerly Beckn Foundation, is the genesis co-author of the Beckn Protocol.
At a recent Beckn community meetup, Ravi Prakash, co-creator of Beckn Protocol, and Mayur Virendra, head of technology strategy and innovation at FIDE, demonstrated how a Beckn-enabled AI chatbot could perform an entire exchange—from initiation to execution of an ecommerce order—on an open network.
The AI agent could also perform inter-network transactions, seamlessly switching between multiple open networks, (for example, from a retail network to an open energy network) using Beckn’s inherent interoperability.
At the Beckn Bengaluru Meetup 1.0, Virendra entered a query for personal finance books in the chatbot. ‘Talking to open.network.becknprotocol.io’ read the interface as BecknGPT looked for options on personal finance books and returned with three books that could be purchased. On selecting the desired book, one entered the name and address, upon which a cash-on-delivery order was placed for the book.
A similar query on charging stations gave options of all the nearest charging stations one could visit during the demo.
Nair said this is an effort by FIDE and a few members of Beckn Open Collective, the open community of Beckn, to let developers imagine many more such possibilities with Beckn and AI.
“Networks can be based on healthcare, retail, agriculture, EV charging or education but one single AI agent acting as a buyer app can automatically know which network to look for,” he said.
Prakash said that for the demo, FIDE set up a dummy network simulating ONDC.
“BecknGPT acts like how a buyer app acts on ONDC,” Prakash said. Apps like Paytm, pincode and magicpin are customer-facing apps, which act as buyer apps on ONDC. Seller apps are merchant-facing apps where vendors can be onboarded. Prakash explained that it is a chat-based interface where the AI agent has been configured to understand Beckn.
“The AI agent could find networks built on Beckn Protocol like ONDC and the Unified Energy Interface,” he said.
So, when it did a search for books, it fired the query on a ONDC-like network, which was broadcast to multiple seller platforms. The sellers on these seller platforms gave back a response on relevant options. This, in turn, was relayed to the user.
Prakash clarified that this was not a product launch and that developers can build on this. He said that this is a one-of-a-kind AI assistant that can search through product catalogues on multiple networks.
[Excerpt from Economic Times “FIDE Unveils BecknGPT, an AI Agent Combining ChatGPT and Beckn Protocol” Dated 28/05/24]

What standard does BecknGPT's technology rely on?

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The inaugural ceremony of ‘One DAE One Subscription’ (ODOS) took place on Monday at Tata Memorial Hospital in Mumbai. ODOS is a unique idea enabling Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) and all its units and 60 subunits together under one umbrella for read and publish access to national and international research papers as well as scientific journals. With this initiative it is now possible to share the resources digitally and evolve collectively. DAE has signed consortium agreements with Wiley India and with Springer Nature Group in furtherance of the same, the DAE said in a statement.
On the occasion of the inauguration, Secretary, DAE and Chairman AEC, Dr. AK Mohanty conveyed a congratulatory message to and stated, “The ODOS transformative agreement is a significant milestone for synergizing the read access and publishing requirements of DAE. I am sure ODOS will benefit thousands of scientists, engineers, young students of HBNI and researchers of aided institutes to have access to much larger knowledge platform and also publish in open access journals. The ODOS will later get merged with a bigger national initiative, called One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) which has been initiated by the Office of the Principal Scientific Advisor to the Government of India. ONOS is currently under various stages of implementation.”
Addressing the gathering, AK Nayak, Head, NCPW, DAE, stated that the objective of the ODOS initiative is to make knowledge accessible to as many people as possible. ODOS a small yet decisive step towards ONOS which will in turn make knowledge accessible to everyone and lead to the cherished dream of a developed India.
Dr. Sudeep Gupta, Director, TMC, said libraries are no longer brick and mortar buildings but computers. In the current era, the world lays stress on creative innovation which can only happen when we have access to the current state of wisdom in any particular field. One way to minimize repetitive research is to let everybody access the current state of science so that we move forward and don’t repeat what has already been done. DEA has once again proven it is a pioneer in taking the lead and showing the way.
About ODOS
The first ODOS agreement with Wiley India will provide access to the collection of 1,353 Wiley journals including archives from 1997, to the entire DAE community. This is against the current access of 166 unique journals provided to only 12 DAE units without much increase in price. Perpetual rights will be given to all the DAE units for all the journals for the year 2024. DAE will also get the right to publish more articles in open access journals. Under this agreement Article Processing Charges (APC) have been covered.
The second ODOS agreement with Springer Nature Group will provide access to about 2,686 Springer Nature titles which includes 553 journals as Fully Open Access (FOA). The access will be provided to entire DAE as against 1,752 unique journals access provided to 14 units earlier. Perpetual rights will be given to all the DAE units for all the journals for 2024. The archives from the year 1997 for the Springer titles and from the year 2012 for Nature titles will also be accessible. The agreement will also enable DAE to publish 281 articles in Springer Hybrid journals as open access without Article Processing Charges (APC).
The ODOS Transformative Agreements (TA) signed with Wiley India and with Springer Nature Group is a significant milestone for the DAE scientific community and enable sustainable growth of science and technology, it said, adding that this will boost scientific morale, foster innovation, promote research and will enhance academic publications.
[Excerpt from ET “DAE Launches ‘One DAE One Subscription’ Initiative in Mumbai” Dated 31/07/24]

Where did the first ceremony for the ‘One DAE One Subscription’ (ODOS) program take place?