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Find the amplitude of the S.H.M whose displacement y in cm is given by equation y= 3sin 157t +4cos157t where t is time in seconds.
  • a)
    20Hz
  • b)
    25Hz
  • c)
    50Hz
  • d)
    40Hz
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

When the displacement of a SHM is:
y=a sin wt+ b cos wt
  • Amplitude of the SHM will be:
    A=√a2+b2
Here, a = 3, b = 4
Amplitude, A= √(32+42) = 5 cm
Hence option B is correct.

A second pendulum is mounted in a space shuttle. Its period of oscillations will decrease when rocket is
  • a)
    moving in geostationary orbit
  • b)
    ascending up with uniform acceleration
  • c)
    descending down with uniform acceleration
  • d)
    moving up with uniform velocity
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Top Rankers answered
 
  • Time Period, T = 2π √(l/g')where,
    l = Length of seconds pendulum 
    g’ = Apparent Gravity
  • For the period of oscillations of Seconds Pendulum to decrease, the Apparent gravity (g’) has to increase because:
  • Hence, Time Period of oscillations of Seconds Pendulum will decrease when the rocket is ascending up with uniform acceleration.

If a simple pendulum oscillates with an amplitude 50 mm and time period 2s, then its maximum velocity is
a)0.15 m/s
b)0.1 m/s
c)0.16 m/s
d)0.8 m/s
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Neha Joshi answered
We know that in a simple harmonic motion the maximum velocity,
Vmax = A⍵
Here A = 50 mm
And ⍵ = 2π / T
= 2π / 2
= π
Hence  Vmax = 50 x 10-3
= 0.15 m/s

What will be the phase difference between bigger pendulum (with time period 5T/4 )and smaller pendulum (with time period T) after one oscillation of bigger pendulum?
  • a)
    π/4
  • b)
    π/2
  • c)
    π/3
  • d)
    π
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Preeti Iyer answered
By the time bigger pendulum completes one vibration, the smaller pendulum would have completed 5/4 vibrations. That is smaller pendulum will be ahead by 1/4 vibration in phase. 1/4 vibration means λ/4 path or π/2 radians.

A frequency of 1Hz corresponds to:
  • a)
    2 vibrations per second
  • b)
    1 vibration per second
  • c)
    10 vibrations per second
  • d)
    a time period of ½ second
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Alok Mehta answered
Frequency used to be measured in cycles per second, but now we use the unit of frequency - the Hertz (abbreviated Hz). One Hertz (1Hz) is equal to one vibration per second. So the weight above is bouncing with a frequency of about 1Hz. The sound wave corresponding to Middle C on a piano is around 256Hz.

What determines the natural frequency of a body?
  • a)
    Position of the body with respect to force applied
  • b)
    Mass and speed of the body
  • c)
    Oscillations in the body
  • d)
    Elastic properties and dimensions of the body
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Lavanya Menon answered
Natural frequency is the frequency at which a body tends to oscillate in the absence of any driving or damping force.
Free vibrations of any elastic body are called natural vibration and happen at a frequency called natural frequency. Natural vibrations are different from forced vibration which happen at frequency of applied force .

The restoring force in a simple harmonic motion is _________ in magnitude when the particle is instantaneously at rest.
  • a)
    zero
  • b)
    maximum
  • c)
    minimum
  • d)
    none of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Knowledge Hub answered
The restoring force in a simple harmonic motion is maximum in magnitude when the particle is instantaneously at rest because in SHM object’s tendency is to return to mean position and here particle is instantaneously at rest after that instant restoring force will be max to bring particle to mean position.

The amplitude of S.H.M at resonance is _______ in the ideal case of zero damping.
  • a)
    Maximum
  • b)
    Minimum
  • c)
    Zero
  • d)
    Infinite
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Neha Joshi answered
In an ideal environment where there is no resistance to oscillation motion i.e. damping is zero, when we oscillate a system at its resonant frequency since there is no opposition to oscillation, the amplitude will go on increasing and reach infinity.

In the ideal case of zero damping, the amplitude of simple harmonic motion at resonance is:
  • a)
    zero
  • b)
    infinite
  • c)
    cannot be said
  • d)
    varies from zero to infinite
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Priya Patel answered
In an ideal environment where there is no resistance to oscillatory motion, that is, damping is zero, when we oscillate a system at its resonant frequency, since there is no opposition to oscillation, a very large value of amplitude will be recorded. Forced oscillation is when you apply an external oscillating force.

The particle executing simple harmonic motion has a kinetic energy K0 cos2ωt . The maximum values of the potential energy and the total energy are respectively [2007]
  • a)
    K0/2 and K0
  • b)
    K0 and 2K0
  • c)
    K0 and K0
  • d)
    0 and 2K0.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Meera Singh answered
Given, Kinetic energy=K0cos2ωt
Maximum kinetic energy=K (as ωt=0 and cos ωt=1
Since total energy remains conserved in SHM , hence when potential energy is maximum,Kinetic energy=0  i.e. E is also equal to Umax  i.e.  U max(maximum potential energy) = E(Total energy) = K0

A particle of mass m oscillates along x-axis according to equation x = a sinωt. The nature of the graph between momentum and displacement of the particle is [NEET Kar. 2013]
  • a)
    straight line passing through origin
  • b)
    circle
  • c)
    hyper bola
  • d)
    ellipse
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Tarun Saha answered
(ωt + φ), where a is the amplitude, ω is the angular frequency, t is time, and φ is the phase angle. The displacement of the particle from its equilibrium position at any time t is given by x(t) = a sin(ωt + φ).

The velocity of the particle at any time t is the derivative of the displacement with respect to time, which is given by:

v(t) = aω cos(ωt + φ)

The acceleration of the particle at any time t is the second derivative of the displacement with respect to time, which is given by:

a(t) = -aω^2 sin(ωt + φ)

The negative sign indicates that the acceleration is in the opposite direction to the displacement. This means that when the particle is at its maximum displacement, the acceleration is zero, and when the particle passes through the equilibrium position, the acceleration is maximum.

The period of the motion is the time taken by the particle to complete one full oscillation. It is given by:

T = 2π/ω

The frequency of the motion is the number of oscillations per unit time. It is given by:

f = ω/2π

The maximum velocity of the particle is given by:

v_max = aω

The maximum acceleration of the particle is given by:

a_max = aω^2

The energy of the particle is the sum of its kinetic and potential energies. At any time t, the total energy of the particle is given by:

E(t) = (1/2)mv^2 + (1/2)kx^2

where k is the spring constant. The energy is constant throughout the motion, and is equal to the total energy at any other time.

The phenomenon of increase in amplitude when the driving force is close to the natural frequency of the oscillator is known as
  • a)
    Accelerated Amplitude
  • b)
    Epoch
  • c)
    Resonance
  • d)
    Dampening
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Lavanya Menon answered
The phenomenon of increase in amplitude when the driving force is close to the natural frequency of the oscillator is known as resonance. By the definition of resonance.

The periodic time (tp) is given by
  • a)
    ω / 2 π
  • b)
    2 π / ω
  • c)
    2 π × ω
  • d)
    π/ω
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Divyansh Saha answered
Periodic time is the time taken for one complete revolution of the particle.
∴ Periodic time, tp = 2 π/ω seconds.

Under forced oscillation, the phase of the harmonic motion of the particle and phase of driving force
  • a)
    Are same
  • b)
    Are different
  • c)
    Both are zero
  • d)
    Not present
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Harmonic motion is the natural motion of a body(we consider no air friction) under no force where as damped oscillation are under force hence the iscilation are different

Energy is supplied to the damped oscillatory system at the same rate at which it is dissipating energy, then the amplitude of such oscillations would become constant. Such oscillations are called
  • a)
    Damped oscillations
  • b)
    Undamped oscillations
  • c)
    Coupled oscillations
  • d)
    Maintained oscillations
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anoushka Basu answered
Energy is supplied to the damped oscillatory system at the same rate at which it is dissipating energy, and then the amplitude of such oscillations would become constant. Such oscillations are called maintained oscillations. By the definition of maintained oscillations.

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