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All Exams  >   CDS  >   CDS (Combined Defence Services) Mock Test Series 2025  >   All Questions

All questions of General Knowledge for CDS Exam

Match the following
  • a)
    a
  • b)
    b
  • c)
    c
  • d)
    d
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary also known as the Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Little Rann of Kutch in the Gujarat.
The lion-tailed macaque is an Old World monkey endemic to the Western Ghats of South India. In the forests of Kerala they were observed preying on nestling and eggs of pigeons.
Hoolock Gibbon is a primate found in Assam, Bangladesh and in Myanmar.
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Which one of the following glands produces the growth hormone (somatotrophin)?
  • a)
    Adrenal
  • b)
    Pancreases
  • c)
    Pituitary
  • d)
    Thyroid
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Gayatri Shah answered
Somatotrophin is produced by the anterior pituitary. It is a peptide hormone that induces growth, cell reproduction and regeneration.

Which of the following are matters on which a constitutional amendment is possible only with the ratification of the legislature of not less than one-half of the states?
1. Election of the President
2. Representation of states in the Parliament
3. Lists in the 7th Schedule
4. Abolition of the Legislature Council in a State
Codes:
  • a)
    1, 3 and 4
  • b)
    1, 2 and 4
  • c)
    1, 2 and 3
  • d)
    2, 3 and 4
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Madhavan Chaudhary answered
Correct Answer :- c
Explanation : The following provisions are amended by special majority and consent of the state legislature by a simple majority.
1. Election of the president and its manner.
2. Extent of the executive power of the union and the states.
3. Supreme court and high courts
4. Distribution of legislature powers between the union and the states.
5. Any of the lists in the Seventh Schedule.
6. Representation of states in the Parliament.

Of the four forms of political protests mentioned below, which one is derived from the name of the person who used it as a political weapon for the first time?
  • a)
    Boycott
  • b)
    Gherao
  • c)
    Bandh
  • d)
    Hartal
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Captain Charles Cunningham Boycott was a British land agent whose ostracism by the local community in Ireland as part of a campaign for agrarian tenants' rights in 1880 gave the English language the verb to boycott, meaning "to ostracise".

Stockholm Convention is a global treaty associated with which of the following?
  • a)
    Protect the environment from Persistent Organic Pollutants
  • b)
    Phasing out hydro-fluorocarbons
  • c)
    Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
  • d)
    Sustainable use of Biodiversity
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
The Stockholm Convention is a global treaty to protect human health and the environment frompersistent organic pollutants (POPs). POPs are chemicals that remain intact in the environment for longperiods, become widely distributed geographically, accumulate in the fatty tissue of living organisms andare toxic to humans and wildlife.

Whose philosophy is called the Advaita?
  • a)
    Ramanujacharya
  • b)
    Shankaracharya
  • c)
    Nagarjuna
  • d)
    Vasumitra
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sneha Kulkarni answered
Shankaracharya philosophy is called Advaita. The Advaita Vedanta focuses on the basic concepts as Brahman, atman, vidya (knowledge), avidya (ignorance), maya, karma and moksha.

Which one of the following lakes forms an international boundary between Tanzania and Uganda?
  • a)
    Chained
  • b)
    Malawi
  • c)
    Victoria
  • d)
    Zambezi
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Lake Victoria acts as the international boundary between Tanzania and Uganda. It is the largest lake in Africa and 2nd widest fresh water body in the world.

Who among the following was not member of the Cabinet Mission?
  • a)
    Sir Stafford Cripps
  • b)
    AV Alexander
  • c)
    Radcliffe
  • d)
    Pathick Lawrence
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Cabinet Mission was composed of three cabinet Ministers of England
· Sir Pethick Lawrence, Secretary of State for India.
· Sir Stafford Cripps, President of the Board of Trade,
· A. V Alexander, the First Lord of the Admiralty
· Sir Cyril Radcliffe was appointed to chair two Boundary Commissions in June 1947 -one for Bengal and one for Punjab.

In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi started Civil Disobedience Movement from:
  • a)
    Sevagram
  • b)
    Dandi
  • c)
    Sabarmati
  • d)
    Wardha
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
On 12 March, 1930, Gandhi started his civil disobedience movement by starting Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram in Gujarat and reached Dandi on 6 April 1930 and broke the salt law.

Three of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats, Sri Lanka and Indo Burma regions as hotspots of biodiversity :
1. Species richness
2. Vegetation density
3. Endemism
4. Ethno-botanical importance
5. Threat perception
6. Adaption of flora and fauna to warm and humid conditions
Q. Which three of the above are correct criteria in this context?
  • a)
    1, 2 and 6
  • b)
    2, 4 and 6
  • c)
    1, 3 and 5
  • d)
    3, 4 and 6
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
To qualify as a hotspot, a region must meet two strict criteria: it must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants (> 0.5 percent of the world’s total) as endemics, and it has to have lost at least 70 percent of its original habitat. So we choose Species richness as well as Endemism. Along with this Threat perception is necessary to take , because it makes the base of this concept. Adaptation of flora is an arbitrary option, Ethno-botanical importance does nothing with the Biodiversity Hotspot selection criteria, vegetation Density is also discarded.

Which of the following statements is/are correct about the " Ayushman Bharat Scheme"?
(1) Under the Ayushman Bharat Scheme, the government aims to open 1.5 lakh health and wellness centre by 2022.
(2) It will cover 5 lakh per person of a family.
(3) Ayushman Bharat National Health Protection Mission Council (AB-NHPMC)will be set up at apex level Chaired by Prime minister of India. 
Q. Which of the following statements are not correct?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    1 and 3 only
  • c)
    2 and 3 only
  • d)
    1,2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Under the Ayushman Bharat Scheme, the government aims to open 1.5 lakh health and wellness centre by 2022, which would be equipped to treat host of diseases, including blood pressure, diabetes, cancer and old-age illness. It will cover 5 lakh per family and Ayushman Bharat National Health Protection Mission Council (AB-NHPMC) at apex level Chaired by Union Health and Family Welfare Minister.

Among the following which Mughal Emperor introduced the policy of Sulh-i-kul?
  • a)
    Babar
  • b)
    Humayun
  • c)
    Akbar
  • d)
    Shahjahan
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Akbar ruled with a social and religious toleration that was relative, not absolute, and was based onhis concept of sulh-i-kul (for the general good of all people) which built on his liberal views of religion.Akbar took the Sufi mystic notion of sulh-i-kul and transformed it to become a principle denoting amitywithin a culturally pluralistic India.

Match the following
  • a)
    a
  • b)
    b
  • c)
    c
  • d)
    d
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
1. Edmanton-Canada
2. Kimberley-South Africa
3. Cardiff-United Kingdom
4. Cairns-Australia.

Consider the following: The arrival of Babur into India led to the
I. Introduction of gunpowder in the subcontinent
II. Introduction of the arch and dome in the region's architecture
III. Establishment of Timurid dynasty in the region .
Q. Select the correct answer using the code given below. 
  • a)
    I and II only 
  • b)
    III only 
  • c)
    I and III only 
  • d)
    I, II and III 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
​In the fourteenth and fifteenth century gun powder was used for military purpose in India and even artillery in its rudimentary form was known. The Babur's first real expedition took place in India in 1519 when he captured Bhera. The Delhi Sultanate's greatest contribution to Indian fine arts was the introduction of Islam ic architectural features, including true domes and arches, and the integration of Indian and Islamic styles of architecture. The Timurid dynasty was a Sunni Muslim dynasty. Members of the Timurid dynasty were strongly influenced by the Persian culture and had established two well-known empires in history, namely the Timurid Empire (1370-1507) in Persia and Central Asia and the Mughal Empire (1526-1857) in the Indian subcontinent.

Consider the following statements:
In a nuclear reactor, a self-sustained chain reaction is possible, because:
1. More neutrons are released in each of the fission reactions.
2. The neutrons immediately take part in the fission process.
3. The fast neutrons are slowed down by graphite.
4. Every neutron released in the fission reaction initiates further fission.
Q. Which of these statements are correct?
  • a)
    1, 2 and 3
  • b)
    1 and 3
  • c)
    2 and 4
  • d)
    2, 3 and 4
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
A nuclear reactor is a device to initiate and control a sustained nuclear chain reaction. The most common use of nuclear reactors is for the generation of electrical power and for the power in some ships. In every fission reaction in which uranium nuclei splits up to give smaller nuclei three more neutrons are produced which further results into splitting of heavy uranium nuclei and more number of neutrons will be produced. Thus, statement, 1 and 2 are correct. In nuclear reactor all the neutrons produced can not take part in fission reaction, else reaction can turn out extremely violent. Thus, graphite rods are used as a control rods to slow down the speed of fast moving neutrons. Thus, statement 3 is also correct.

Which one of the following is not an instrument of selective credit control in India?
  • a)
    Regulation of consumer credit
  • b)
    Rationing of credit
  • c)
    Margin requirements
  • d)
    Variable cost reserve ratios
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Gayatri Iyer answered
Variable Reserve Ratio (Cash Reserve Ratio) is aimed to control only volume of credit (quantitative method) not both volume and purpose of credit for which bank gives loans. (Qualitative method and selective control method are used for these purposes. It has a number of limitations.

Which one of the following countries does not border Lithuania?
  • a)
    Poland
  • b)
    Ukraine
  • c)
    Belarus
  • d)
    North Sea
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Ukraine does not border Lithuania. The border countries to Lithuania are Latvia, Russia, Poland, Belarus. Baltic sea is located in the west.

Three of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats, Sri Lanka and Indo Burma regions as hotspots of biodiversity:
I. Species richness
II. Vegetation density
III. Endemism
IV. Ethno-botanical importance
V. Threat perception
VI. Adaption of flora and fauna to warm and humid conditions
Q. Which three of the above are correct criteria in this context? 
  • a)
    I, II and VI 
  • b)
    II, IV and VI 
  • c)
    I, III & V 
  • d)
    III, IV and VI 
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Nishanth Dasgupta answered
To qualify as a hotspot, a region must meet two strict criteria: it must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants (> 0.5 percent of the world’s total) as endemics, and it has to have lost at least 70 percent of its original habitat. So we choose Species richness as well as Endemism. Along with this Threat perception is necessary to take, because it makes the base of this concept. Adaptation of flora is an arbitrary option, Ethno-botanical importance does nothing with the Biodiversity Hotspot selection criteria, vegetation Density is also discarded. 

What does sphygmomanometer measure?
  • a)
    Blood pressure
  • b)
    Velocity of fluids
  • c)
    Temperature
  • d)
    Curvature of spherical surfaces
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Advait Singh answered
Sphygmomanometer is an instrument to measure the blood pressure. It is made up of an inflatableCut to restrict the blood flow and a mercury or manometer to measure pressure.

Consider the following:
I. Amir Khusro
II. Malik Muhammad Jayasi
III. Nizamuddin Auliya
IV. Moinuddin Chishti
Q. Who among the above were contemporary of Alauddin Khilji? 
  • a)
    Only I & II 
  • b)
    Only I & III 
  • c)
    Only I, II & III 
  • d)
    Only I, III & IV 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Nishanth Dasgupta answered
​Malik Muhammad Jayasi belonged to 16th century while Moinuddin Chisti was predecessor of Nizamuddin Aualiya and had died much before Khiljis. Khusro was his and his uncle's contemporary and was a student of Nizamuddin Aualia. 

Which one of the following groups of animals are primates?
  • a)
    Giraffes and zebras
  • b)
    Kangaroos and Koalas
  • c)
    Lemurs and lorises
  • d)
    Rabbits and hares
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sparsh Kumar answered
Lemurs and lorises are primates, while giraffes and zebras, kangaroos and koalas, and rabbits and hares are not.

Primates are a group of mammals that belong to the order Primates. They are characterized by certain anatomical and behavioral features that set them apart from other animals. These features include grasping hands and feet, forward-facing eyes, and relatively large brains compared to other mammals.

Lemurs and lorises are both examples of primates.
- Lemurs are a group of primates that are native to Madagascar. They have long tails and a diverse range of species, with different sizes and appearances. Lemurs are known for their unique adaptations, such as their large eyes and specialized teeth for feeding on fruits and leaves.
- Lorises, on the other hand, are primates found in Africa and Southeast Asia. They are nocturnal and have a slow-moving lifestyle. Lorises have a distinctive appearance, with large eyes and a round head.

Giraffes and zebras are not primates.
- Giraffes are mammals that belong to the order Artiodactyla, which includes even-toed ungulates like cows and deer. They have long necks and legs, and their distinctive patterned coat helps them camouflage in their natural habitat.
- Zebras are also mammals, but they belong to the horse family, Equidae. They are known for their black and white striped coat, which helps them blend into their surroundings and confuse predators.

Kangaroos and koalas are also not primates.
- Kangaroos are marsupials and belong to the family Macropodidae. They are known for their powerful hind legs and large feet, which enable them to hop and cover long distances.
- Koalas are also marsupials and belong to the family Phascolarctidae. They are arboreal animals that primarily feed on eucalyptus leaves and have unique adaptations, such as specialized teeth for grinding tough plant material.

Rabbits and hares are not primates either.
- Rabbits and hares are small mammals that belong to the order Lagomorpha. They have long ears, powerful hind legs, and a divided upper lip. Rabbits are known for their burrowing behavior, while hares are typically faster and more agile.

In summary, lemurs and lorises are the only animals among the given options that belong to the primate group.

Which of the following gases is released from rice fields in the most prominent quantities?
  • a)
    Carbon dioxide
  • b)
    Methane
  • c)
    Carbon monoxide
  • d)
    Sulphur dioxide
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Anuj Das answered
Rice Fields and Methane Emissions

Methane (CH4) is the gas released from rice fields in the most prominent quantities. This greenhouse gas is produced through a natural process known as methanogenesis, which occurs in the anaerobic (oxygen-free) conditions of wetland soils. Rice fields provide an ideal environment for methanogenesis due to their flooded conditions, making them a significant source of methane emissions.

Factors contributing to methane emissions from rice fields:
- Anaerobic conditions: When rice fields are flooded, the absence of oxygen creates an anaerobic environment that favors the growth of specialized microorganisms called methanogens. These microorganisms produce methane as a byproduct of their metabolic processes.
- Organic matter decomposition: Rice fields contain a substantial amount of organic matter, including plant residues and soil organic carbon. As this organic matter decomposes under anaerobic conditions, it provides a food source for methanogens, leading to increased methane production.
- Root exudates: Rice plants release organic compounds known as root exudates into the soil. These exudates act as a nutrient source for methanogens, stimulating their activity and methane production.
- Methane transport: Once produced, methane can be transported from the soil to the atmosphere through various pathways. These pathways include diffusion through the soil, transport through rice plant tissues, and ebullition (bubbling) from the soil surface.

Implications of methane emissions:
- Greenhouse effect: Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, with a global warming potential around 25 times greater than carbon dioxide over a 100-year timeframe. Its release from rice fields contributes to the greenhouse effect and climate change.
- Air quality: Methane is also a precursor to ground-level ozone formation, which is a harmful air pollutant. Elevated methane emissions from rice fields can contribute to poor air quality and human health issues.
- Agricultural practices: Understanding methane emissions from rice fields is crucial for developing sustainable agricultural practices. Efforts are being made to reduce methane emissions through alternative rice cultivation methods, such as intermittent flooding and alternate wetting and drying techniques.

In conclusion, methane is the gas released in the most significant quantities from rice fields due to the anaerobic conditions and the presence of methanogenic microorganisms. Reducing methane emissions from rice cultivation is important for mitigating climate change and improving air quality.

Barium in a suitable form is administered to patients before an X-ray examination of the stomach, because
  • a)
    Barium allows X-rays to pass through the stomach on account of its transparency to X-rays
  • b)
    Barium is a good absorber of X-rays and this helps the stomach to appear clearly in contrast with the other regions in the picture
  • c)
    Barium salts are white in colour and this helps the stomach to appear clearly in contrast with other regions in the pictures
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aashna Mehta answered
Barium is given in adequate amount to patients before X-ray examination. The gut (gastrointestinal tract) does not show up very well on ordinary X-ray pictures. However, if you drink a white liquid that contains a chemical called barium sulphate, the outline of the upper parts of the gut (oesophagus, stomach and small intestines) shows up clearly on X- ray pictures. This is because X-rays do not pass through barium.

Which of the following is not correct about the Man and Biosphere programme (MAB)?
  • a)
    Man & biosphere programme was launched in 1991 for improvement of relationships between people & their environment.
  • b)
    it is an intergovernmented scientific programme
  • c)
    Nilgiri biosphere reserve is first to be included in UNESCO man & the Biosphere (MAB) programme list.
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Prateek Verma answered
Launched in 1971, UNESCO’s man & Biosphere programme (MAB) is an intergovernmental scientific programme that aims to establish a scientific basis for the improvement of relationship between people and their environments. Nilgiri Biosphere reserve is first to be included in UNESCO MAB programme list.

Consider the following statements
1. Currently, three waterways have been declared as the national waterways of India.
2. The Sadiya-Dhubri stretch of river Brahmaputra is the longest national waterway.
Q. Which of the statement given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    Only 1
  • b)
    Only 2
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Tejas Sengupta answered
The National Waterways Bill, 2015, as passed by Lok Sabha on 21 December, 2015, hereby declared the inland waterways specified at serial number 6 to 111 to be national waterways for the purposes of shipping and navigation. National Waterway 1 (NW 1) starts from Allahabad to Haldia with a distance of 1620 km (longest National waterway in India). It runs through the Ganges, Bhagirathi and Hoogly river system.

Which one of the following pairs of materials serves as electrodes in chargeable batteries commonly used in devices such as torchlights, electric shaver etc?
  • a)
    Nickel and cadmium
  • b)
    Zinc and carbon
  • c)
    Lead peroxide and lead
  • d)
    Iron and cadmium
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Aravind Nair answered
Ni-Cd batteries contain nickel hydroxide as positive electrode plate, a cadmium hydroxide as negative electrode plate, and an alkaline electrolyte as separator. The chemical reaction which occurs in Ni-Cd battery is2NiO (OH) + Cd + 2H2O ↔2Ni(OH)2 + Cd(OH)2

The Lok Sabha passed the Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Bill, 2017 that seeks to amend the Negotiable Instruments Act. The Act was passed in which year?
  • a)
    1880
  • b)
    1881
  • c)
    1882
  • d)
    1885
  • e)
    1889
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Abhay Goyal answered
The Lok Sabha on July 23, 2018 passed the Negotiable Instruments (Amendment) Bill, 2017 that seeks to amend the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. The Act has amended to deal firmly with cheque bounce cases.

What is the annual rate aimed in the Eighth Five Year Plan
  • a)
    5.6%
  • b)
    6%
  • c)
    6.5%
  • d)
    7%
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Krithika Basu answered
Annual Rate Aimed in the Eighth Five Year Plan

Annual Rate:
The annual rate aimed in the Eighth Five Year Plan was 5.6%.

Explanation:
- The Eighth Five Year Plan was introduced in India for the period of 1992-1997.
- The main aim of this plan was to achieve a GDP growth rate of 5.6% per year.
- The plan focused on various sectors such as agriculture, industry, infrastructure, and social welfare to achieve this growth rate.
- The plan also aimed at reducing poverty and increasing employment opportunities for the population.
- Various policy initiatives and reforms were introduced during this plan period to boost economic growth and development in the country.

Significance:
- The target growth rate of 5.6% in the Eighth Five Year Plan was crucial for the overall economic development of the country.
- Achieving this growth rate would have helped in improving the standard of living, reducing poverty, and creating more job opportunities for the people.
- The success of this plan was essential for laying a strong foundation for future economic growth and development in India.
In conclusion, the annual rate aimed in the Eighth Five Year Plan was 5.6%, and achieving this target was vital for the economic progress and welfare of the country.

Which one of the following is responsible for blue baby Syndrome?
  • a)
    Fluoride
  • b)
    Nitrate
  • c)
    Arsenic
  • d)
    Lead
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Simran Shah answered
Blue Baby Syndrome and Nitrate:
Blue Baby Syndrome, also known as methemoglobinemia, is a condition where a baby's skin appears bluish due to a lack of oxygen in the blood. Nitrate is responsible for causing Blue Baby Syndrome.

How Nitrate Causes Blue Baby Syndrome:
- Nitrate is a compound that can be found in water sources, especially groundwater.
- When a pregnant woman consumes water contaminated with high levels of nitrate, it can pass through the placenta to the developing fetus.
- In the body, nitrate is converted to nitrite, which can lead to the formation of methemoglobin in the blood.
- Methemoglobin is unable to carry oxygen effectively, leading to a decrease in the amount of oxygen available in the blood.
- This lack of oxygen can manifest as cyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the skin, nails, and lips in infants - hence the name "Blue Baby Syndrome."

Prevention of Blue Baby Syndrome:
- To prevent Blue Baby Syndrome, it is essential to ensure that drinking water sources are free from high levels of nitrate.
- Regular testing of water sources for nitrate contamination and implementing appropriate water treatment measures can help reduce the risk of Blue Baby Syndrome.
- Pregnant women and infants should avoid consuming water from sources with high nitrate levels to prevent methemoglobinemia.
In conclusion, it is important to be aware of the potential health risks associated with nitrate contamination in drinking water, particularly for pregnant women and infants, to prevent Blue Baby Syndrome.

The base year for the calculation of all-India Index of Industrial Production (IIP) is:
  • a)
    2004-05
  • b)
    2005-06
  • c)
    2010-11
  • d)
    2011-12
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Akshay Datta answered
Base Year for All-India Index of Industrial Production (IIP)
The base year for the calculation of the All-India Index of Industrial Production (IIP) is 2011-12. This means that the IIP data is compared to the levels in the base year to determine the growth or contraction in industrial production.

Importance of Base Year
- The base year is crucial as it serves as a reference point for measuring changes in industrial production over time.
- It helps in comparing the current levels of industrial output with the levels in the base year to assess the growth or decline in production.
- The choice of base year impacts the calculation of various economic indicators and policies based on industrial production data.

Significance of 2011-12 as Base Year
- The base year was shifted to 2011-12 from the previous base year of 2004-05 to capture the changing economic scenario and industrial structure accurately.
- The new base year reflects the more recent production patterns and technological advancements in the industrial sector.
- It provides a more relevant and up-to-date reference point for analyzing industrial production trends in the Indian economy.
In conclusion, the choice of 2011-12 as the base year for the calculation of the All-India Index of Industrial Production is essential for accurately assessing the changes in industrial output and formulating policies based on this data.

Recently a report by the American geophysical union says “fog holes” are observed in urban areas globally-especially over delhi due to urban heat island. What are possible factors responsible for this?
I. air pollution
II. urban geometry
III. Deforestation
IV. Increasing population
Q. Select the correct code
  • a)
    I, III & IV
  • b)
    II, III & IV
  • c)
    I & III only
  • d)
    I, II & III
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Mohit Chauhan answered
That the Earth's magnetic field is weakening at a rapid rate. This weakening is particularly strong in the area known as the South Atlantic Anomaly, which stretches from South America to Africa. The South Atlantic Anomaly is an area where the Earth's magnetic field is weaker than in other parts of the globe.

Scientists have been monitoring the Earth's magnetic field for many years, and they have noticed a gradual weakening over time. However, the recent report suggests that this weakening is happening at a faster pace than previously observed. The Earth's magnetic field plays a crucial role in protecting our planet from harmful solar radiation by deflecting charged particles from the Sun. Any significant weakening of the magnetic field could have implications for various aspects of our lives.

One potential consequence of a weakening magnetic field is an increased risk of exposure to solar radiation. This radiation can be harmful to humans and other living organisms, as it can damage DNA and increase the risk of cancer. Additionally, a weaker magnetic field can lead to disruptions in satellite communications and navigation systems that rely on accurate magnetic data.

The exact cause of the Earth's magnetic field weakening is still not fully understood. However, scientists believe that it may be related to the movements of molten iron within the Earth's outer core. The Earth's magnetic field is generated by the motion of this molten iron, and any changes in its behavior can affect the overall strength of the field.

While the weakening of the Earth's magnetic field is a cause for concern, scientists are working to better understand this phenomenon and its potential implications. By studying the South Atlantic Anomaly and other areas of magnetic field weakness, researchers hope to gain insight into the processes happening deep within the Earth. This knowledge can help us prepare for any potential impacts and develop strategies to mitigate the risks associated with a weaker magnetic field.

According to the provisions of the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management [FRBM].
Act., 2003 and FRBM Rules, 2004, the Government is under obligation to present three statements before the parliament along with the Annual Budget. Which one of the following is not of them?
  • a)
    Macroeconomic Framework Statement
  • b)
    Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement
  • c)
    Medium-term Fiscal Policy Statement
  • d)
    Statement showing Short term Fiscal Policy
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anmol Choudhury answered
Explanation:
Statement showing Short-term Fiscal Policy
The correct answer is option 'D'. This is because the statement showing short-term fiscal policy is not one of the statements required to be presented before the parliament along with the Annual Budget under the provisions of the FRBM Act, 2003 and FRBM Rules, 2004.
Statements Required to be Presented:
The three statements that are required to be presented before the parliament along with the Annual Budget are as follows:
- Macroeconomic Framework Statement: This statement provides an overview of the macroeconomic situation of the country, including economic growth, inflation rate, fiscal deficit, etc.
- Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement: This statement outlines the government's fiscal policy objectives, targets, and strategies for achieving fiscal discipline and sustainability.
- Medium-term Fiscal Policy Statement: This statement sets out the medium-term fiscal policy goals, expenditure priorities, revenue projections, and fiscal targets for the next few years.
These statements are essential for ensuring transparency, accountability, and prudent fiscal management by the government. They help in informing the parliament and the public about the government's fiscal policy stance and its implications for the economy.

Israel has common borders with:
  • a)
    Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Egypt
  • b)
    Lebanon, Syria, Turkey and Jordan
  • c)
    Cyprus, Turkey, Jordan and Egypt
  • d)
    Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Yemen
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Athul Majumdar answered
Israel's Common Borders


Israel is a country located in the Middle East and shares common borders with several countries. The correct answer is option 'A', which states that Israel has common borders with Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Egypt. Let's explore each of these bordering countries in detail:

Lebanon:
- Israel shares a border with Lebanon in the north. The border between the two countries is approximately 79 kilometers long.
- The border is marked by a United Nations-drawn Blue Line, which serves as a demarcation line between the two countries.

Syria:
- Israel shares a border with Syria in the northeast. The border stretches for approximately 76 kilometers.
- The Golan Heights, a strategically important region, forms part of the border between Israel and Syria. Israel captured the Golan Heights from Syria during the Six-Day War in 1967.

Jordan:
- Israel shares its longest border with Jordan, which runs along the eastern side of the country. The Israel-Jordan border is approximately 238 kilometers long.
- The border crossing between Israel and Jordan at the Allenby/King Hussein Bridge is one of the major crossings for people and goods between the two countries.

Egypt:
- Israel shares a border with Egypt in the southwest. The border between the two countries runs along the Sinai Peninsula and is approximately 266 kilometers long.
- The border area has been a topic of contention and security concerns due to smuggling activities and threats from extremist groups operating in the Sinai Peninsula.

In summary, Israel shares its borders with Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Egypt. Each border has its own significance and history, shaping the geopolitical dynamics of the region. It is important to note that border situations can change over time due to political developments and conflicts in the region.

Consider the following statements:
1. Cabinet Secretariat functions directly under the Prime Minister.
2. Cabinet Secretary is the ex-officio Chairman of the Civil Services Board.
Q. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    2 only
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajveer Kulkarni answered
Statement 1 is correct: In the Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961Cabinet Secretariatfinds a place in the First Schedule to the Rules. The Cabinet Secretariat is under the direct charge of the Prime Minister.
Statement 2 is correct: The administrative head of the Secretariat is the Cabinet Secretary who is also the ex-officio Chairman of the Civil Services Board.

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