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All questions of Cause & Effect for UPSC CSE Exam

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I. 
The performance of Indian sports persons in the recently held Olympics could not reach the level of expectation the country had on them.

II. The performance of Indian sports person in the last Asian games was far better than any previous games.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Gayatri Reddy answered
The relationship between the two statements suggests that they are not directly cause and effect of each other, but rather, they might both be effects of some common underlying causes or conditions. Statement I talks about the underperformance of Indian sports persons in the Olympics, and Statement II highlights their better performance in the last Asian Games.
These differing performances in two major sports events could be attributed to several common factors such as the level of competition, preparation and training of athletes, support from sports authorities, and the athletes' experience and exposure to international competitions. Therefore, it does not seem that one statement is the cause of the other; instead, they both might reflect broader issues or successes in the sports ecosystem of the country.
The correct answer choice is:
(B) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
Statements:
I. 
The prices of food grains and other essential commodities in the open market have risen sharply during the past three months.

II.The political party in opposition has given a call for general strike to protest against the government's economic policy.
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Lakshmi Nair answered
Since the prices of food grains and other essential commodities in the open market have been raised sharply during the past three months, so the political party in opposition has given a call for general strike to protest against the government's economic policy.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I. 
The farmers have decided against selling their Kharif crops to the Government agencies.

II.The Government has reduced the procurement price of Kharif crops starting from the last month to the next six months.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Krishna Iyer answered
Since the government has reduced the procurement price of Kharif crops starting from the last months to the next six months, therefore, the farmers have decided against selling their Kharif crops to the Government agencies.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
Statements:
I. 
The university officers have decided to conduct last examination every year in March/April in order to announce the result at proper time.

II.In past the result was declared late by the University due to the lack of number of examiners.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rashi Nambiar answered
Since in the past the result was declared late by university, it has decided to conduct the examination in March/April in order to announce the result at proper time.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I.  
Rural and semi-urban areas in the country have been suffering due to load-shedding for quite some time.

II. If the Government is not able to overcome the power crisis, load-shedding will be extended even to the urban areas.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?


Explanation:

Common Cause:
- Both statements I and II are related to the issue of power crisis and load-shedding in different areas.
- The common cause here is the overall power crisis situation in the country.

Effect of Common Cause:
- Statement I mentions that rural and semi-urban areas are suffering due to load-shedding, which is a direct effect of the power crisis.
- Statement II predicts that if the Government fails to address the power crisis, urban areas will also experience extended load-shedding.

Therefore, both statements I and II are effects of the common cause, which is the power crisis in the country.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
Statements:
I. 
Police resorted to lathi-charge to disperse the unlawful gathering of large number of people.

II. The citizens' forum called a general strike in protest against the police atrocities.
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

As, police resorted to lathi-charge to disperse the unlawful gathering of large number of people, the citizens forum called a general strike against the police atrocities.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I.  
Many people in the area are reported to be suffering from Malaria.

II. Private Medical Practitioners in the area have decided to close their clinics for few days.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Arya Deshpande answered
Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes. Because spreading malaria or to be suffering from malaria may be due to mosquitoes or dirtiness. But the decision of private medical practitioners to close the clinics may be due to other causes.

Directions to Solve

Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

Mark answer

  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

Question -

Statements:

I.  Importance of Yoga and exercise is being realized by all sections of the society.

II.There is an increasing awareness about health in the society particularly among middle ages group of people..
a)Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
b)Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
c)Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
d)Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
e)Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Dipika Basu answered
As the awareness about health in the society is increasing particularly among middle-aged group of people, the importance of Yoga and exercise is being realized by all sections of the society.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I. 
The government has allowed private airline companies in India to operate to overseas destinations.

II.The national air carrier has increased its flights to overseas destinations.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Lakshmi Nair answered
Since the Government has allowed private airline companies in India to operate to overseas, so the national air carrier has increased its flights to overseas destinations.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I. 
There was a huge rush of people to the temple last Sunday the 15
th
of the month.

II.The temple authority had decided to close down the temple for repairs from 17
th
of the month.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Nikhil Goyal answered
Since the temple authority had decided to close down the temple for repairs from 17th of the month, hence, there was a huge rush of people to the temple last Sunday the 15th of the month.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I. 
The Reserve Bank of India has recently put restrictions on few small banks in the country.

II.The small banks in the private and co-operative sector in India are not in a position to withstand the competitions of the bigger banks in the public sector.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

As, the small banks in the private and co-operation sector in India are not in a position to withstand the competitions of the bigger banks in the public sector, therefore, the Reserve Bank of India has recently put restrictions on few small banks in the country.

Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
  • A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Statements:
  1. The car manufacturing companies have recently increased the prices of mid-sized cars.
  2. The Government recently increased the duty on mid-sized cars.
 
A.Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
B.Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
C.Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
D.Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
E.Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Since the government has recently increased the duty on mid-sized cars, therefore, the car manufacturing companies have recently increased the prices of mid-sized cars.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I. 
The Government has imported large quantities of sugar as per trade agreement with other countries.

II. The prices of sugar in the domestic market have fallen sharply in the recent months.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Lakshmi Nair answered
Since the Government has imported large quantities of sugar as per trade agreement with other countries, therefore, the prices of the sugar in the domestic market have fallen sharply in the recent months.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
Statements:
I.  
All the schools in the area had to be kept closed for most part of the week.

II. Many parents have withdrawn their children from the local schools.
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Puja Basu answered
Keeping school closed and withdrawing students from school by parents seems to be effect of  relating causes. Something might have happened which can lead to pertaining of such a effect.
Thus, Both are related.
Hence, Option D is correct
 

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I. 
The vegetable prices in the local market have increases manifold during the past few days.

II.Incessant rains have created flood like situation in most rural parts of the State.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Manoj Mehta answered
The transportation gets effect due to the flood created by incessant rains in the most rural parts of State.
Therefore, on account of this, it is possible to increase the vegetable prices in the local market.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I. 
The State Government has announced special tax package for the new industries to be set-up in the State.

II.Last year the State Government had hiked the taxes for all industrial activities in the State.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Because due to hike of taxes last year the State Government has announced special tax package the new industries to be set up in the State.

Directions to Solve
Below in each of the questions are given two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
 
Mark answer
  • (A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • (B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • (C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • (D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • (E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Question -
 
Statements:
I.  
The literacy rate in the district has been increasing for the last four years.

II. The district administration has conducted extensive training programme for the workers involved in the literacy drive.
 
  • a)
    Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  • b)
    Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  • c)
    Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  • d)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes.
  • e)
    Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Janhavi Mishra answered
As the district administration has conducted extensive training programme for the workers involved in the literacy drive, therefore, the literacy in the district has been increasing for the last four years.

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