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All questions of Anatomy of Flowering Plants for NEET Exam
Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1 : Anatomically, all the tissues present on the inner side of endodermis such as pericyde, vascular bundles and pith constitute the stele.
Statement 2 : Eustele is the stele in which vascular bundles are arranged in the form of a ring as present in dicot stems.
- a)Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect
- b)Both statements 1 and 2 are correct
- c)Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct
- d)Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Read the following statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1 : Anatomically, all the tissues present on the inner side of endodermis such as pericyde, vascular bundles and pith constitute the stele.
Statement 2 : Eustele is the stele in which vascular bundles are arranged in the form of a ring as present in dicot stems.
Statement 1 : Anatomically, all the tissues present on the inner side of endodermis such as pericyde, vascular bundles and pith constitute the stele.
Statement 2 : Eustele is the stele in which vascular bundles are arranged in the form of a ring as present in dicot stems.
a)
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect
b)
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct
c)
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct
d)
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect
|
Vivek Patel answered |
The term stele was coined by Van Tiegham and Dauliot (1886). It is the axial portion of plant axis. Anatomically, all the tissues on the innerside of endodermis such as pericyde, vascular bundles and pith constitute the stele. Eustele is the type of stele in which a ring of vascular bundles is present around the central pith and inner to the pericyde e.g., dicot stem. Stele containing irregularly scattered vascular bundles is called atactostele, e.g., monocot stem. Pteridophytes are the first plants possenssing stele.
In old trees, central dark coloured, non-conducting part of secondary xylem is referred to as- a)heartwood
- b)sapwood
- c)softwood
- d)hardwood
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
In old trees, central dark coloured, non-conducting part of secondary xylem is referred to as
a)
heartwood
b)
sapwood
c)
softwood
d)
hardwood
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
Heartwood (duramen) is the central wood of an old stem. It is dark coloured part of secondary xylem. Living cells are absent here. The tracheary elements are plugged by tyloses and have depositions of tannins, resins, gums, etc. Heartwood is heavier. It is more durable due to its little susceptibility to the attack of pathogens and insects. The outer or peripheral portion of the trunk is soft and lighter in colour. It performs the functions of conduction of water and minerals and is known as sapwood or alburnum.
Study the following statements regarding the anatomy of Isobllateral leal.
(i) Stomata are equally distributed on both the surfaces.
(ii) Certain adaxlal epidermal cells are modified Into bulllform cells in grasses.
(iii) The vascular bundles are radial.
(iv) Phloem is adaxially placed.
Which of the above statements are correct?- a)(i) and (ii)
- b)(ii) and (iii)
- c)(ii) and (iv)
- d)All are correct
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Study the following statements regarding the anatomy of Isobllateral leal.
(i) Stomata are equally distributed on both the surfaces.
(ii) Certain adaxlal epidermal cells are modified Into bulllform cells in grasses.
(iii) The vascular bundles are radial.
(iv) Phloem is adaxially placed.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(i) Stomata are equally distributed on both the surfaces.
(ii) Certain adaxlal epidermal cells are modified Into bulllform cells in grasses.
(iii) The vascular bundles are radial.
(iv) Phloem is adaxially placed.
Which of the above statements are correct?
a)
(i) and (ii)
b)
(ii) and (iii)
c)
(ii) and (iv)
d)
All are correct
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
In an isobilateral (equifacial) leaf, vascular bundles are conjoint and collateral. Xylem lies towards the adaxial (upper) side and phloem lies towards abxialal (lower) side of leaf.
Bark does not include- a)secondary xylem
- b)secondary phloem
- c)periderm
- d)both (a) and (b)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Bark does not include
a)
secondary xylem
b)
secondary phloem
c)
periderm
d)
both (a) and (b)
|
Jyoti Sengupta answered |
Bark is a non-technical term and used to define all tissues present outside vascular cambium. Bark = Cortex + Pericyle + Primary and Secondary Pholoem.
Which of the following statements is incorrect? - a)In a dicot stem, the pericycle is usually multilayered
- b)Wood is the common name used for secondary xylem
- c)Peripheral cytoplasm, a large vacuole and a prominent nucleus; all are absent in a mature sieve tube element
- d)Lenticels are the aerating pores present in bark of plants and are associated with gaseous exchange
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
a)
In a dicot stem, the pericycle is usually multilayered
b)
Wood is the common name used for secondary xylem
c)
Peripheral cytoplasm, a large vacuole and a prominent nucleus; all are absent in a mature sieve tube element
d)
Lenticels are the aerating pores present in bark of plants and are associated with gaseous exchange
|
Nishtha Nair answered |
Explanation:
The correct answer is option C: Peripheral cytoplasm, a large vacuole, and a prominent nucleus; all are absent in a mature sieve tube element.
Peripheral cytoplasm:
In a mature sieve tube element, the cytoplasm is located in the central region of the cell, forming a mass called the nucleus. The peripheral cytoplasm, which is present in other plant cells, is absent in mature sieve tube elements.
Large vacuole:
The mature sieve tube elements have a large central vacuole that occupies most of the cell's volume. This vacuole is responsible for storing and transporting sugars and other organic compounds.
Prominent nucleus:
In a mature sieve tube element, the nucleus is usually degraded and no longer present. This is because the function of the sieve tube element is mainly to transport nutrients and sugars, and the absence of a nucleus allows for a more efficient flow of materials through the cell.
Sieve tube elements:
Sieve tube elements are specialized cells found in the phloem tissue of plants. They are responsible for the translocation of sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to other parts of the plant. These cells are interconnected end to end, forming sieve tubes that allow for the movement of fluids.
Function of sieve tube elements:
The sieve tube elements are adapted for efficient transport. They have thin walls and lack many cellular components, such as peripheral cytoplasm, a large vacuole, and a prominent nucleus. These adaptations allow for an unobstructed flow of fluids and nutrients through the sieve tubes.
In summary, the incorrect statement is option C, which states that peripheral cytoplasm, a large vacuole, and a prominent nucleus are absent in a mature sieve tube element. In reality, a mature sieve tube element has a large central vacuole, lacks peripheral cytoplasm, and usually lacks a prominent nucleus.
The correct answer is option C: Peripheral cytoplasm, a large vacuole, and a prominent nucleus; all are absent in a mature sieve tube element.
Peripheral cytoplasm:
In a mature sieve tube element, the cytoplasm is located in the central region of the cell, forming a mass called the nucleus. The peripheral cytoplasm, which is present in other plant cells, is absent in mature sieve tube elements.
Large vacuole:
The mature sieve tube elements have a large central vacuole that occupies most of the cell's volume. This vacuole is responsible for storing and transporting sugars and other organic compounds.
Prominent nucleus:
In a mature sieve tube element, the nucleus is usually degraded and no longer present. This is because the function of the sieve tube element is mainly to transport nutrients and sugars, and the absence of a nucleus allows for a more efficient flow of materials through the cell.
Sieve tube elements:
Sieve tube elements are specialized cells found in the phloem tissue of plants. They are responsible for the translocation of sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to other parts of the plant. These cells are interconnected end to end, forming sieve tubes that allow for the movement of fluids.
Function of sieve tube elements:
The sieve tube elements are adapted for efficient transport. They have thin walls and lack many cellular components, such as peripheral cytoplasm, a large vacuole, and a prominent nucleus. These adaptations allow for an unobstructed flow of fluids and nutrients through the sieve tubes.
In summary, the incorrect statement is option C, which states that peripheral cytoplasm, a large vacuole, and a prominent nucleus are absent in a mature sieve tube element. In reality, a mature sieve tube element has a large central vacuole, lacks peripheral cytoplasm, and usually lacks a prominent nucleus.
Which of the following conditions of xylem is present in both monocot and dicot stems?- a)Endarch
- b)Polyarch
- c)Mesarch
- d)Exarch
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following conditions of xylem is present in both monocot and dicot stems?
a)
Endarch
b)
Polyarch
c)
Mesarch
d)
Exarch
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
Based on position of protoxylem in relation to metaxylem, the xylem may be exarch/centripetal, endarch/centrifugal, mesarch and centerarch. In endarch condition, protoxylem lies on the inner side of metaxylem e.g., dicot and monocot stems.
Well develped pith is found in- a)monocot root and monocot stem
- b)monocot stem and dicot root
- c)monocot root and dicot stem
- d)dicot root and dicot stem
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Well develped pith is found in
a)
monocot root and monocot stem
b)
monocot stem and dicot root
c)
monocot root and dicot stem
d)
dicot root and dicot stem
|
|
Anjali Sharma answered |
In a dicot stem, a well developed pith (made of parenchymatous or occasionally sclerenchymatous cells) is present whereas in a monocot stem, pith is absent. In a dicot root, pith is poorly developed whereas in a monocot root, a well developed pith is present.
Casparian strips are the bands of thickenings present on _____ walls of endodermis.- a)radial
- b)tangential
- c)central
- d)both (a) and (b)
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Casparian strips are the bands of thickenings present on _____ walls of endodermis.
a)
radial
b)
tangential
c)
central
d)
both (a) and (b)
|
Priya Menon answered |
Endodermis is the innermost layer of cortex that consistws of tightly packed barrel shaped cells. It is called starch sheath in case of dicot stems. Radial and and tangential walls of endodermal cells possess thickenings of lignin, suberin and cutin in the form of strips or bands, which are known as casparian bands or casparian strips.
Which of the following tissue systems constitutes bulk of the plant body?- a)Epidermal tissue system
- b)Ground tissue system
- c)Vascular tissue system
- d)Both (a) and (c)
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following tissue systems constitutes bulk of the plant body?
a)
Epidermal tissue system
b)
Ground tissue system
c)
Vascular tissue system
d)
Both (a) and (c)
|
Anagha Sengupta answered |
The Ground Tissue System constitutes the bulk of the plant body.
Ground tissue is one of the three tissue systems in plants, along with the epidermal tissue system and the vascular tissue system. It is responsible for performing various functions, including support, storage, and photosynthesis. The ground tissue system is found in all parts of the plant body, including the roots, stems, leaves, and even fruits.
Functions of the Ground Tissue System:
1. Support: The ground tissue system provides mechanical support to the plant body. It consists of cells with thick cell walls that give strength and rigidity to the plant. The ground tissue system is especially important in the stems and roots, where it helps maintain the upright position of the plant and provide structural support.
2. Storage: Ground tissue often serves as a storage site for various substances, including water, nutrients, and carbohydrates. Parenchyma cells, a type of ground tissue, can store starch and other energy-rich compounds. This stored material can be utilized during periods of growth, development, or when the plant is under stress.
3. Photosynthesis: Some cells of the ground tissue system, specifically the mesophyll cells in leaves, are responsible for photosynthesis. These cells contain chloroplasts, which capture sunlight and carry out the process of photosynthesis to produce glucose, the plant's source of energy.
4. Gas Exchange: Another important function of the ground tissue system is facilitating gas exchange. The spongy mesophyll cells in leaves have air spaces between them, allowing for the diffusion of gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen. This enables the plant to take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and release oxygen as a byproduct.
5. Wound Healing: Ground tissue plays a role in wound healing and tissue repair. When a plant is injured or damaged, the ground tissue cells near the site of injury can undergo cell division and differentiation to replace the damaged tissues.
Conclusion:
In summary, while all three tissue systems are essential for the overall functioning of a plant, the ground tissue system constitutes the bulk of the plant body. It provides support, storage, and photosynthesis, and is found in all parts of the plant. The ground tissue system is crucial for the growth, development, and survival of plants.
Ground tissue is one of the three tissue systems in plants, along with the epidermal tissue system and the vascular tissue system. It is responsible for performing various functions, including support, storage, and photosynthesis. The ground tissue system is found in all parts of the plant body, including the roots, stems, leaves, and even fruits.
Functions of the Ground Tissue System:
1. Support: The ground tissue system provides mechanical support to the plant body. It consists of cells with thick cell walls that give strength and rigidity to the plant. The ground tissue system is especially important in the stems and roots, where it helps maintain the upright position of the plant and provide structural support.
2. Storage: Ground tissue often serves as a storage site for various substances, including water, nutrients, and carbohydrates. Parenchyma cells, a type of ground tissue, can store starch and other energy-rich compounds. This stored material can be utilized during periods of growth, development, or when the plant is under stress.
3. Photosynthesis: Some cells of the ground tissue system, specifically the mesophyll cells in leaves, are responsible for photosynthesis. These cells contain chloroplasts, which capture sunlight and carry out the process of photosynthesis to produce glucose, the plant's source of energy.
4. Gas Exchange: Another important function of the ground tissue system is facilitating gas exchange. The spongy mesophyll cells in leaves have air spaces between them, allowing for the diffusion of gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen. This enables the plant to take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and release oxygen as a byproduct.
5. Wound Healing: Ground tissue plays a role in wound healing and tissue repair. When a plant is injured or damaged, the ground tissue cells near the site of injury can undergo cell division and differentiation to replace the damaged tissues.
Conclusion:
In summary, while all three tissue systems are essential for the overall functioning of a plant, the ground tissue system constitutes the bulk of the plant body. It provides support, storage, and photosynthesis, and is found in all parts of the plant. The ground tissue system is crucial for the growth, development, and survival of plants.
The terms 'wood' and 'bast' respectively refer to- a)xylem and cork
- b)phloem and xylem
- c)xylem and phloem
- d)phloem and cork
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The terms 'wood' and 'bast' respectively refer to
a)
xylem and cork
b)
phloem and xylem
c)
xylem and phloem
d)
phloem and cork
|
Suresh Iyer answered |
Xylem is also known as wood. It consists of four types of cells, viz., tracheids, vessels (both tracheary elements), xylem or wood parenchyma and xylem or wood fibres. Phloem is also called bast. It consists of four types of cells, viz, sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and fibres. Heberland phloem and hadrome for the conducting part of xylem.
Cork is impervious to water due to the presence of _______ in its cell wall.- a)sillica
- b)CaCO3
- c)suberin
- d)cuticle
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Cork is impervious to water due to the presence of _______ in its cell wall.
a)
sillica
b)
CaCO3
c)
suberin
d)
cuticle
|
Mira Joshi answered |
The phellem or cork cells are dead these are impervious tow water due to suberin deposition in the cell wall. Cork prevents the loss of water by evaporation. It also protects the interior against entry of harmful microorganisms, mechanical injury and extermes of temperature. cork is light compressible, nonreactive and sufficiently resistant to fire. it is used as stopper for bottles, shock absorption and insulation.
Select the incorrect statement regarding the anatomy of a typical monocotyledonous stem.- a)Phloem parenchyma is absent.
- b)Vascular bundles are scattered, conjoint, collateral and closed.
- c)Each vascular bundle is surrounded by a bundle sheath.
- d)Ground tissue is differentiated into cortex, endodermis, pericyde and pith
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Select the incorrect statement regarding the anatomy of a typical monocotyledonous stem.
a)
Phloem parenchyma is absent.
b)
Vascular bundles are scattered, conjoint, collateral and closed.
c)
Each vascular bundle is surrounded by a bundle sheath.
d)
Ground tissue is differentiated into cortex, endodermis, pericyde and pith
|
Meghana Datta answered |
Incorrect Statement Explanation
The anatomy of a typical monocotyledonous stem has distinct characteristics that differentiate it from dicotyledonous stems. The statement in option 'D' is incorrect because of the following reasons:
Ground Tissue Composition
- In monocots, the ground tissue does not differentiate into distinct regions like cortex, endodermis, pericycle, and pith.
- Instead, the ground tissue is generally homogeneous and lacks the specialized structures found in dicots.
Vascular Bundle Arrangement
- Monocots have scattered vascular bundles throughout the stem, which is a key feature.
- Each vascular bundle is composed of xylem and phloem, arranged in a conjoint, collateral, and closed manner.
Bundle Sheath Presence
- Each vascular bundle is surrounded by a bundle sheath, which is a layer of cells that can help in the transport and support of the vascular tissue.
Absence of Phloem Parenchyma
- In monocots, phloem parenchyma is typically absent, which is another distinguishing feature when compared to dicots.
In summary, the ground tissue in monocot stems lacks the differentiation into cortex, endodermis, pericycle, and pith, making option 'D' the incorrect statement regarding the anatomy of a typical monocotyledonous stem.
The anatomy of a typical monocotyledonous stem has distinct characteristics that differentiate it from dicotyledonous stems. The statement in option 'D' is incorrect because of the following reasons:
Ground Tissue Composition
- In monocots, the ground tissue does not differentiate into distinct regions like cortex, endodermis, pericycle, and pith.
- Instead, the ground tissue is generally homogeneous and lacks the specialized structures found in dicots.
Vascular Bundle Arrangement
- Monocots have scattered vascular bundles throughout the stem, which is a key feature.
- Each vascular bundle is composed of xylem and phloem, arranged in a conjoint, collateral, and closed manner.
Bundle Sheath Presence
- Each vascular bundle is surrounded by a bundle sheath, which is a layer of cells that can help in the transport and support of the vascular tissue.
Absence of Phloem Parenchyma
- In monocots, phloem parenchyma is typically absent, which is another distinguishing feature when compared to dicots.
In summary, the ground tissue in monocot stems lacks the differentiation into cortex, endodermis, pericycle, and pith, making option 'D' the incorrect statement regarding the anatomy of a typical monocotyledonous stem.
Which of the following causes almost unbearable irritation of the skin?- a)Lint of Gossypium
- b)Staminal hair of Tradescantia
- c)Prickles of Rosa indica
- d)Stinging hair of Urtica dioca
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following causes almost unbearable irritation of the skin?
a)
Lint of Gossypium
b)
Staminal hair of Tradescantia
c)
Prickles of Rosa indica
d)
Stinging hair of Urtica dioca
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
Stinging hair of urtica dioca are hollow hair that contains siliceous tips and enclose a poison which is injected into the skin of animals rubbing against them and causing unbrearable pair or irritation.
Lateral meristems are cylindrical meristems and they occur in the mature regions of root and shoot of many plants. Which of the following are examples of lateral meristems?a. Cork-cambium
b. Intercalary meristem
c. Fascicular vascular cambium
d. Apical meristem- a)Only a and c
- b)Only a and b
- c)Only b and c
- d) Only b and d
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Lateral meristems are cylindrical meristems and they occur in the mature regions of root and shoot of many plants. Which of the following are examples of lateral meristems?
a. Cork-cambium
b. Intercalary meristem
c. Fascicular vascular cambium
d. Apical meristem
b. Intercalary meristem
c. Fascicular vascular cambium
d. Apical meristem
a)
Only a and c
b)
Only a and b
c)
Only b and c
d)
Only b and d
|
Stepway Academy answered |
This is the correct option. Cork-cambium and fascicular vascular cambium are examples of lateral meristems. Secondary tissues are produced by them.
Which plant part possesses polyarch condition of vascular bundles with a well developed pith?- a)Dicot root
- b)Monocot root
- c)Dicot stem
- d)Monocot stem
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which plant part possesses polyarch condition of vascular bundles with a well developed pith?
a)
Dicot root
b)
Monocot root
c)
Dicot stem
d)
Monocot stem
|
|
Rishika Mehta answered |
Understanding Polyarch Condition in Vascular Bundles
In the study of plant anatomy, the arrangement and structure of vascular bundles are crucial for understanding the physiology of different plant types. The polyarch condition refers to the presence of multiple vascular bundles in a root or stem.
Polyarch Condition in Monocot Roots
- Monocot roots, such as those of grasses, typically exhibit a polyarch condition.
- In this configuration, there are several bundles of xylem and phloem arranged in a circle.
- The xylem is usually located toward the center, while the phloem surrounds it.
Well-Developed Pith
- Monocot roots also have a well-developed pith, which is the central region of the root composed of parenchyma cells.
- This pith aids in storage and transport of nutrients and water throughout the plant.
Comparison with Other Plant Parts
- Dicot roots usually display a triarch or tetrarch condition, with fewer vascular bundles and a distinct central core.
- Dicot stems are characterized by a vascular arrangement called a cambium, which allows for secondary growth but does not exhibit a polyarch condition.
- Monocot stems also show scattered vascular bundles but do not possess a well-developed pith like their root counterparts.
Conclusion
The correct answer to the question is option 'B' (Monocot root) because it uniquely possesses a polyarch condition of vascular bundles along with a well-developed pith, distinguishing it from dicot roots and stems. Understanding these differences is essential in botany, especially for exams like NEET.
In the study of plant anatomy, the arrangement and structure of vascular bundles are crucial for understanding the physiology of different plant types. The polyarch condition refers to the presence of multiple vascular bundles in a root or stem.
Polyarch Condition in Monocot Roots
- Monocot roots, such as those of grasses, typically exhibit a polyarch condition.
- In this configuration, there are several bundles of xylem and phloem arranged in a circle.
- The xylem is usually located toward the center, while the phloem surrounds it.
Well-Developed Pith
- Monocot roots also have a well-developed pith, which is the central region of the root composed of parenchyma cells.
- This pith aids in storage and transport of nutrients and water throughout the plant.
Comparison with Other Plant Parts
- Dicot roots usually display a triarch or tetrarch condition, with fewer vascular bundles and a distinct central core.
- Dicot stems are characterized by a vascular arrangement called a cambium, which allows for secondary growth but does not exhibit a polyarch condition.
- Monocot stems also show scattered vascular bundles but do not possess a well-developed pith like their root counterparts.
Conclusion
The correct answer to the question is option 'B' (Monocot root) because it uniquely possesses a polyarch condition of vascular bundles along with a well-developed pith, distinguishing it from dicot roots and stems. Understanding these differences is essential in botany, especially for exams like NEET.
Hypodermis is _______ in sunflower stem and _______in maize stem.- a)parenchymatous, collenchymatous
- b)collenchymatous, sderenchymatous
- c)sderenchymatous, collenchymatous
- d)sderenchymatous, sderenchymatous
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Hypodermis is _______ in sunflower stem and _______in maize stem.
a)
parenchymatous, collenchymatous
b)
collenchymatous, sderenchymatous
c)
sderenchymatous, collenchymatous
d)
sderenchymatous, sderenchymatous
|
|
Mira Joshi answered |
In a dicot stem (e.g., In sunflower), hypodermis is made up of collenchyma, which may be green. In monocot stem (e.g., maize), hypodermis is formed of non green sderenchyma tissue.
Which of the following exemplifies emergences?- a)Root hair
- b)Stigmatic papillae
- c)Prickles of Rosa indica
- d)Oil glands on fruit skins
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following exemplifies emergences?
a)
Root hair
b)
Stigmatic papillae
c)
Prickles of Rosa indica
d)
Oil glands on fruit skins
|
|
Vivek Patel answered |
Prickles are an example of emergences. Emergences are multicellular epidermal outgrowths which also contain some inner tissues. Theya re sharp and stiff outgrowths e.g., pricles of Rosa indica.
Which of the following options correctly shows the sequence of different tissues of the periderm starting from periphery?
- a)Phellogen → Phellem → Phelloderm
- b)Phellem → Phelloderm → Phellogen
- c)Phellem → Phellogen → Phelloderm
- d)Phelloderm → Phellogen → Phellem
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following options correctly shows the sequence of different tissues of the periderm starting from periphery?
a)
Phellogen → Phellem → Phelloderm
b)
Phellem → Phelloderm → Phellogen
c)
Phellem → Phellogen → Phelloderm
d)
Phelloderm → Phellogen → Phellem
|
Dev Patel answered |
Periderm consists of a group of secondary tissues forming a protective layer which replaces the epidermis of many plant stems, roots, and other parts; composed of cork cambium, phelloderm, and cork. Phellem or cork is a tissue formed on the outer side of phellogen or cork cambium. Phellogen is more active on the side of phellem and Phelloderm or secondary cortex is produced on the inner side of phellogen.
So, the correct answer is 'Phellem→Phellogen → Phelloderm.
Bundle sheath extensions in a dicot leaf and in a monocot leaf are ________ and ________ respectively.- a)parenchymatous, collenchymatous
- b)parenchymatous, sclerenchymatous
- c)sclerechymatous, parenchymatous
- d)collenchymatous, sclerenchymatous
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Bundle sheath extensions in a dicot leaf and in a monocot leaf are ________ and ________ respectively.
a)
parenchymatous, collenchymatous
b)
parenchymatous, sclerenchymatous
c)
sclerechymatous, parenchymatous
d)
collenchymatous, sclerenchymatous
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
In dicot leaf, bundle sheath is generally single layered and formed of colourless cells. Bundle sheath extensions are parenchymatous. In monocot leaf, bundle sheath may be single or double layered and the cells generally possess chloroplasts. Bundle sheath extensions are sderenchymatous.
Bark formed early in the season is called as________ bark and bark formed towards the end of the season is called as _________bark.
- a)hard, soft
- b)soft, hard
- c)scaly, ring
- d)ring, scaly
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Bark formed early in the season is called as________ bark and bark formed towards the end of the season is called as _________bark.
a)
hard, soft
b)
soft, hard
c)
scaly, ring
d)
ring, scaly
|
|
Vivek Patel answered |
In spring, cambium is very active and produces many xylary elements having vessels with wider cavities. The wood formed during this season is called spring wood or early wood. Such a bark is soft.
In winter, the cambium is less active and forms fewer xylary elements that have narrow vessels, and this wood is called autumn wood or late wood. Such a bark is hard.
Read the following statements.
(i) Multicellular epidermal hair
(ii) Collenchymatous hypodermis
(iii) Pith present
(iv) Vascular bundles present in a ring i.e. eusteleAbove given features describe which of the following plant parts?- a)Monocot stem
- b)Monocot
- c)Dicot stem
- d)Dicot root
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Read the following statements.
(i) Multicellular epidermal hair
(ii) Collenchymatous hypodermis
(iii) Pith present
(iv) Vascular bundles present in a ring i.e. eustele
(i) Multicellular epidermal hair
(ii) Collenchymatous hypodermis
(iii) Pith present
(iv) Vascular bundles present in a ring i.e. eustele
Above given features describe which of the following plant parts?
a)
Monocot stem
b)
Monocot
c)
Dicot stem
d)
Dicot root
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
The epidermis of dicot stem bears several unbranched multicellular hair or trichomes. The hypodermis is made of 3−4 layered sub-epidermal collenchyma tissue. Vascular strand is in the form of eustele or a ring of vascular bundles present around the central pith and inner to the pericycle.
Select the correct pair out of the follwing.- a)Hypostomatic leaf - Dicots
- b)Epistomatic leaf - Monocots
- c)Amphistomatic leaf - Free-floating hydrophytes
- d)Presence of sunken stomata in leaf - Submerged hydrophytes
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Select the correct pair out of the follwing.
a)
Hypostomatic leaf - Dicots
b)
Epistomatic leaf - Monocots
c)
Amphistomatic leaf - Free-floating hydrophytes
d)
Presence of sunken stomata in leaf - Submerged hydrophytes
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
In dicot leaves, stomata are generally present on lower epiderm is (hypostomatic), whereas in monocot leaves, they are present on both the surfaces (amphistomatic). In free -floating hydrophytes, stomata are restricted to upper epidermis (epistomatic) whereas in submerged hydrophytes, stomata are either non-functional or ab sent. In algae and fungi, stomata are totally absent. Stomata are sunken (deepseated) in case of xerophytes.
In a dorsiventral leaf, location of palisade tissue and phloem is respectively on the______ surfaces.- a)adaxial and abaxial
- b)adaxial and adaxial
- c)abaxial and adaxial
- d)abaxial and abaxial
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
In a dorsiventral leaf, location of palisade tissue and phloem is respectively on the______ surfaces.
a)
adaxial and abaxial
b)
adaxial and adaxial
c)
abaxial and adaxial
d)
abaxial and abaxial
|
Roshni Basak answered |
Explanation:
Dorsiventral Leaf:
A dorsiventral leaf is a type of leaf that exhibits two distinct surfaces - adaxial (upper) and abaxial (lower) surfaces. This type of leaf is commonly found in dicotyledonous plants.
Location of Palisade Tissue:
- The palisade tissue is typically located on the adaxial surface of the leaf.
- Palisade tissue is responsible for photosynthesis and is composed of elongated cells arranged parallel to the leaf surface to maximize light absorption.
Location of Phloem:
- The phloem, which is involved in the transport of organic compounds such as sugars, is usually located on the abaxial surface of the leaf.
- The phloem is part of the vascular tissue system in plants, along with the xylem.
Therefore, in a dorsiventral leaf, the palisade tissue is located on the adaxial surface (upper surface), while the phloem is located on the abaxial surface (lower surface). This arrangement allows for efficient photosynthesis and transport of nutrients throughout the leaf.
Dorsiventral Leaf:
A dorsiventral leaf is a type of leaf that exhibits two distinct surfaces - adaxial (upper) and abaxial (lower) surfaces. This type of leaf is commonly found in dicotyledonous plants.
Location of Palisade Tissue:
- The palisade tissue is typically located on the adaxial surface of the leaf.
- Palisade tissue is responsible for photosynthesis and is composed of elongated cells arranged parallel to the leaf surface to maximize light absorption.
Location of Phloem:
- The phloem, which is involved in the transport of organic compounds such as sugars, is usually located on the abaxial surface of the leaf.
- The phloem is part of the vascular tissue system in plants, along with the xylem.
Therefore, in a dorsiventral leaf, the palisade tissue is located on the adaxial surface (upper surface), while the phloem is located on the abaxial surface (lower surface). This arrangement allows for efficient photosynthesis and transport of nutrients throughout the leaf.
Vascular bundle is enclosed with in a well developed sderenchymatous sheath in- a)monocot stem
- b)dicot stem
- c)monocot root
- d)dicot root
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Vascular bundle is enclosed with in a well developed sderenchymatous sheath in
a)
monocot stem
b)
dicot stem
c)
monocot root
d)
dicot root
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
In most monocot stems, a sclerenchymatous bundle sheath is generally present on the outside of each vascular bundle.
Select the mismatched pair- a)Collateral and open vascular - Sunflower stem bundles
- b)Bicollateral vascular bundles - Maize stem
- c)Concentric vascular bundles - Ferns
- d)Radial vascular bundles - Maize root
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Select the mismatched pair
a)
Collateral and open vascular - Sunflower stem bundles
b)
Bicollateral vascular bundles - Maize stem
c)
Concentric vascular bundles - Ferns
d)
Radial vascular bundles - Maize root
|
|
Aditya Yadav answered |
Explanation:
Bicollateral vascular bundles - Maize stem:
In maize stem, the vascular bundles are arranged in a bicollateral manner, meaning there are two separate vascular cambia present in the stem that produce xylem and phloem inwards and outwards. This arrangement is unique to maize stems and helps in the efficient transport of water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant.
Collateral and open vascular - Sunflower stem bundles:
Sunflower stem bundles have collateral and open vascular bundles, where the xylem and phloem are located adjacent to each other in the same vascular bundle. The structure of these bundles allows for easy exchange of substances between xylem and phloem, aiding in the growth and development of the plant.
Concentric vascular bundles - Ferns:
Ferns have concentric vascular bundles, where xylem is surrounded by phloem in a circular arrangement. This type of vascular bundle arrangement is characteristic of ferns and helps in the efficient transport of water, minerals, and organic compounds throughout the plant.
Radial vascular bundles - Maize root:
In maize roots, the vascular bundles are arranged in a radial manner, with xylem and phloem alternating around the central core. This radial arrangement allows for efficient nutrient and water uptake from the soil and transport throughout the root system.
Therefore, the mismatched pair in the given options is "Bicollateral vascular bundles - Maize stem" as maize stems indeed have bicollateral vascular bundles.
Bicollateral vascular bundles - Maize stem:
In maize stem, the vascular bundles are arranged in a bicollateral manner, meaning there are two separate vascular cambia present in the stem that produce xylem and phloem inwards and outwards. This arrangement is unique to maize stems and helps in the efficient transport of water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant.
Collateral and open vascular - Sunflower stem bundles:
Sunflower stem bundles have collateral and open vascular bundles, where the xylem and phloem are located adjacent to each other in the same vascular bundle. The structure of these bundles allows for easy exchange of substances between xylem and phloem, aiding in the growth and development of the plant.
Concentric vascular bundles - Ferns:
Ferns have concentric vascular bundles, where xylem is surrounded by phloem in a circular arrangement. This type of vascular bundle arrangement is characteristic of ferns and helps in the efficient transport of water, minerals, and organic compounds throughout the plant.
Radial vascular bundles - Maize root:
In maize roots, the vascular bundles are arranged in a radial manner, with xylem and phloem alternating around the central core. This radial arrangement allows for efficient nutrient and water uptake from the soil and transport throughout the root system.
Therefore, the mismatched pair in the given options is "Bicollateral vascular bundles - Maize stem" as maize stems indeed have bicollateral vascular bundles.
Where is the phloem usually located in conjoint vascular bundles found in stems and leaves?- a)Along different radii
- b)Within cambium
- c)Inner side of xylem
- d)Outer side of xylem
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Where is the phloem usually located in conjoint vascular bundles found in stems and leaves?
a)
Along different radii
b)
Within cambium
c)
Inner side of xylem
d)
Outer side of xylem
|
Ambition Institute answered |
In conjoint vascular bundles, which are common in stems and leaves, the phloem is typically located on the outer side of the xylem. This arrangement ensures efficient transport of food (sugars produced in the leaves) through the phloem, which is situated closer to the outer part of the stem or leaf where sugars are needed for growth or storage.
Which of the following statements is correct about a woody dicot stem which shows extensive secondary growth?- a)Primary xylem persists in the centre of the axis.
- b)Primary and the older secondary phloem get crushed.
- c)Secondary xylem forms the bulk of the stem
- d)all of these
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statements is correct about a woody dicot stem which shows extensive secondary growth?
a)
Primary xylem persists in the centre of the axis.
b)
Primary and the older secondary phloem get crushed.
c)
Secondary xylem forms the bulk of the stem
d)
all of these
|
|
Jyoti Sengupta answered |
The primary xylem persists in the center of the axis, secondary xylem forms the bulk of the stem and the primary and older secondary phloem get crushed in a woody dicot stem which shows extensive secondary growth.
Secondary growth usually does not occur in - a)stems and roots of dicots
- b)stems and roots of gymnosperms
- c)stems and roots of monocots
- d)both (b) and (c)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Secondary growth usually does not occur in
a)
stems and roots of dicots
b)
stems and roots of gymnosperms
c)
stems and roots of monocots
d)
both (b) and (c)
|
|
Suresh Iyer answered |
Secondary growth is the increase in thickness of root or stem due to the activity of lateral meristems (vascular cambium and cork cambium). With few exceptions most of the dicots and gymnosperms show secondary growth. Roots and stems of monocot plants do not show secondary growth (due to absence of vascular cambium), with few exceptions e.g., Dracaena, Yucca, etc., which exhibit anomalous secondary growth.
Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
- a)A - (iv), B - (iii), C -(ii), D - (i)
- b)A -(iv), B -(iii), C- (i), D-(ii)
- c)A - (iii), B - (iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
- d)A-(iii), B - (iv), (ii), D-(i)
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
a)
A - (iv), B - (iii), C -(ii), D - (i)
b)
A -(iv), B -(iii), C- (i), D-(ii)
c)
A - (iii), B - (iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
d)
A-(iii), B - (iv), (ii), D-(i)
|
|
Suresh Iyer answered |
Soft wood is the technical name of gymnosperm wood.
Because it is devoid of vessels it is also called as nonporous wood. Several of the soft woods are very easy to work with (e.g., Cedrus, Pin us species), however all of them are not 'soft'. The softness depends upon the content of fibres and vascular rays. 90 - 95% of wood is made of tracheids. Vascular rays constitute 5 - 10 % of the wood.
Hard wood is the name of dicot wood which possesses abundant vessels. Due to the presence of vessels, the hard woods are also called porous woods. Content of tracheids is very low (less than 5%).
Because it is devoid of vessels it is also called as nonporous wood. Several of the soft woods are very easy to work with (e.g., Cedrus, Pin us species), however all of them are not 'soft'. The softness depends upon the content of fibres and vascular rays. 90 - 95% of wood is made of tracheids. Vascular rays constitute 5 - 10 % of the wood.
Hard wood is the name of dicot wood which possesses abundant vessels. Due to the presence of vessels, the hard woods are also called porous woods. Content of tracheids is very low (less than 5%).
Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
- a)A−(iv), B−(i), C−(ii), D−(iii)
- b)A−(iii), B−(ii), C−(i), D−(iv)
- c)A−(i), B−(ii), C−(iii), D−(iv)
- d)A−(iv), B−(ii), C−(i), D−(iii)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
a)
A−(iv), B−(i), C−(ii), D−(iii)
b)
A−(iii), B−(ii), C−(i), D−(iv)
c)
A−(i), B−(ii), C−(iii), D−(iv)
d)
A−(iv), B−(ii), C−(i), D−(iii)
|
|
Dev Patel answered |
- Stele: It is the central core of the stem and root of a vascular plant, consisting of the vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) and associated supporting tissue.
- Endodermis: It is an inner layer of cells in the cortex of a root and of some stems, surrounding a vascular bundle.
- Casparian strips: It is a band of cell wall material deposited on the radial and transverse walls of the endodermis and is chemically different from the rest of the cell wall, the cell wall is made of lignin and without suberin, whereas the Casparian strip is made of suberin and sometimes lignin.
- Bark: Bark is the outermost layers of stems and roots of woody plants. Plants with bark include trees, woody vines, and shrubs.
Refer the given figure which represents a section of vascular bundle as seen in T.S. of a monocot stem and select the option that correctly labels A, B, C and D.
- a)a
- b)b
- c)c
- d)d
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Refer the given figure which represents a section of vascular bundle as seen in T.S. of a monocot stem and select the option that correctly labels A, B, C and D.
a)
a
b)
b
c)
c
d)
d
|
|
Mira Joshi answered |
A monocot stem lacks secondary growth. The vascular bundles are oval or rounded in outline. They contain both phloem and xylem. Phloem lies towards the outside and the xylem on the inner side. Cambium is absent as the whole procambium is consumed in the formation of vascular tissues. Xylem is in the form of letter Y. It is endarch, i.e., protoxylem lies towards the centre of the stem. Xylem is made up of vessels, tracheids, xylem parenchyma and a few xylem fibres. Metandem generally consists of two large oval or rounded vessels lying at the upper two angles of xylem. Protoxylem cavity is present at the end of protoxylem vessels.
Stele includes- a)pericycle
- b)vascular bundles
- c)pith
- d)all of these
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Stele includes
a)
pericycle
b)
vascular bundles
c)
pith
d)
all of these
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
Word 'stele' is taken from Greek language, which means 'pillar'. Stele consists of pericycle, vascular bundles (xylem and phloem) and pith (if present).
Identify the type of vascular bundle as shown in the figure and select the incorrect statement regarding this.
- a)Figure represents radial vascular bundles in which xylem and phloem occur in the form of separate bundles
- b)Xylem bundles and phloem bundles occur on different radii
- c)These are the characteristic of monocot and dicot leaves
- d)None of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Identify the type of vascular bundle as shown in the figure and select the incorrect statement regarding this.
a)
Figure represents radial vascular bundles in which xylem and phloem occur in the form of separate bundles
b)
Xylem bundles and phloem bundles occur on different radii
c)
These are the characteristic of monocot and dicot leaves
d)
None of these
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
The given figure represents radial vascular bundles. Here xylem and phloem occur in the form of separate bundles called xylem bundles and phloem bundles. The two types of bundles usually alternate with each other. They occur on different radii. Radial bundles are characteristic of monocot and dicot roots.
Identify the given figure and select the correct labels for A, B and C.
- a)a
- b)b
- c)c
- d)d
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Identify the given figure and select the correct labels for A, B and C.
a)
a
b)
b
c)
c
d)
d
|
|
Jyoti Sengupta answered |
The wood of the older stems (e.g ., Dalbergia, Acacia, etc.) gets differentiated into two zones, ther outer light coloured and functional sapwood or alburnum and the inner darker and nonfunctional heartwood or duramen. The trachelds and vessels of the heart wood get plugged by the ingrowth of the adjacent parenchyma cells into their cavities through the pits. These ingrowths are calles tyloses.
Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
- a)A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv)
- b)A-(iv), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iii)
- c)A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(i)
- d)A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
a)
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv)
b)
A-(iv), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iii)
c)
A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(i)
d)
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
|
|
Suresh Iyer answered |
The bark of Betula is called as Bhojpatra, Quinine is present in Bark of Cinchona, Cork of Quercus suber used as Insulators (soundproofing) and Bark of Cinnamomum consists of Dalchini as a chemical constituent.
In dicot stems, cambium present between primary xylem and primary phloem is- a)fascicular cambium
- b)intrafascicular cambium
- c)interfascicular cambium
- d)both (a) and (b)
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
In dicot stems, cambium present between primary xylem and primary phloem is
a)
fascicular cambium
b)
intrafascicular cambium
c)
interfascicular cambium
d)
both (a) and (b)
|
|
Riya Banerjee answered |
Intrafascicular or fascicular cambium is present in the form of a narrow strip of primary meristematic cells in between the phloem and the xylem of a vascular bundle. Intrafascicular cambium is primary lateral meristem which helps in increasing girth of the plant. It lies in the vascular bundles of dicot and gymnosperm stems.
A typical monocotyledonous root is characterized by- a)usually more than six xylem bundles
- b)large and well developed pith
- c)no secondary growth
- d)all of these
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
A typical monocotyledonous root is characterized by
a)
usually more than six xylem bundles
b)
large and well developed pith
c)
no secondary growth
d)
all of these
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
There is no such distinction between a young and an old root of monocotyledonous plant. This is due to the absence of secondary growth in the monocot roots. The centre of monocot root is occupied by the pith. It consists of parenchymatous cells which may be rounded or angular. Intercellular spaces are present amongst the pith cells. The pith cells store food. Xylem and phloem bundles are numerous and are 8 or more in number. Xylem vessels are oval or rounded.
In (i) protoxylem lies towards periphery and metaxylem lies towards centre. Such an arrangement of primary xylem is called as (ii)
- a)a
- b)b
- c)c
- d)d
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
In (i) protoxylem lies towards periphery and metaxylem lies towards centre. Such an arrangement of primary xylem is called as (ii)
a)
a
b)
b
c)
c
d)
d
|
|
Ajay Yadav answered |
In exarch condition of xylem, protoxylem or the first formed xylem is present towards the periphery while metaxylem or later formed xylem is present towards the centre of the root. Such an arrangement can be seen in roots.
Bark of which of the following plants yields a drug for the treatment of malaria? - a)Cinchona officinalis
- b)Acacia arabia
- c)Quercus suber
- d)Cinnamomum
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Bark of which of the following plants yields a drug for the treatment of malaria?
a)
Cinchona officinalis
b)
Acacia arabia
c)
Quercus suber
d)
Cinnamomum
|
|
Anjali Sharma answered |
The only adequate cure of malaria i.e:, quinine is obtained from the thick bark of Cinchona officinalis.
Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
- a)A−(iii),B−(i),C−(ii),D−(iv)
- b)A−(i),B−(ii),C−(iii),D−(iv)
- c)A−(iv),B−(iii),C−(i),D−(ii)
- d)A−(ii),B−(iv),C−(iii),D−(i)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
a)
A−(iii),B−(i),C−(ii),D−(iv)
b)
A−(i),B−(ii),C−(iii),D−(iv)
c)
A−(iv),B−(iii),C−(i),D−(ii)
d)
A−(ii),B−(iv),C−(iii),D−(i)
|
|
Raghav Bansal answered |
In some grasses, on epidermis, there are some larger thin-walled cells with vacuoles called bulliform cells or motor cells or bubble like cells, which in dry conditions lose water and thus the rolling up of leaves occurs, e.g., in psamma, Poa Agropyron, Amopyron, Amophilla, etc.
Each stoma or pore is guarded by two specialized kidney or dumb-bell shaped guard cells, which regulate along and closing of stomata. The guard cells are also surrounded by other specialized epidermal cells called subsIdiary cells or accessory cells.
Lenticels are some loosely arranged areas in the periderm. These are the aerating pores present in the bark of plants. Due to more activity of certain portions of phellogen, the /Agent cells are cut off very rapidly and hence these cells are loosely arranged with much intercellular spaces.
Each stoma or pore is guarded by two specialized kidney or dumb-bell shaped guard cells, which regulate along and closing of stomata. The guard cells are also surrounded by other specialized epidermal cells called subsIdiary cells or accessory cells.
Lenticels are some loosely arranged areas in the periderm. These are the aerating pores present in the bark of plants. Due to more activity of certain portions of phellogen, the /Agent cells are cut off very rapidly and hence these cells are loosely arranged with much intercellular spaces.
During the secondary growth in a dicotyledonous stem, the fusiform initials of vascular cambium give rise to- a)secondary xylem
- b)secondary phloem
- c)medullary ray
- d)both (a) and (b)
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
During the secondary growth in a dicotyledonous stem, the fusiform initials of vascular cambium give rise to
a)
secondary xylem
b)
secondary phloem
c)
medullary ray
d)
both (a) and (b)
|
|
Mira Joshi answered |
During secondary drowth in a dicot stem, intrafascicular combium and interfascicular cambium get connected to form a complete ring of vascular cambium. The cells of this vascular cambium are of two types, elongated spindle-shaped fusiform initials and shorter isodiametric ray initials. Ray initials give rise to vascular rays or secondary medu8llary rays. Fusiform initials divide to form seconodary phloem on the outer side and secondary xylem on the inner side.
Select the mismatched pair.
- a)a
- b)b
- c)c
- d)d
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Select the mismatched pair.
a)
a
b)
b
c)
c
d)
d
|
|
Vivek Patel answered |
Trichomes are unicellular or multicellular, branched or unbranched outgrowths which are strictly epidermal in origin. Being the outermost layer trichome is protective in nature. With the help of cuticle it checks the rate of water loss from aerial parts. Trichomes present on the surface of some seeds and fruits help in their dispersal.
Given figures (P and Q) represent the stomatal apparatus of dicot and monocot leaves respectively. Select the option which correctly labels A, B and C.
- a)a
- b)b
- c)c
- d)d
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Given figures (P and Q) represent the stomatal apparatus of dicot and monocot leaves respectively. Select the option which correctly labels A, B and C.
a)
a
b)
b
c)
c
d)
d
|
|
Riya Banerjee answered |
A typical stoma is microscopic and usually consists of two kidney-shaped guard cells surrounding a pore. The guard cells are usually much smaller in size as compared to other epidermal cells. In some species the guard cells are surrounded by subsidiary cells or accessory cells which differ morphologically from the other epidermal cells. Guard cells possess few small chloroplasts, they are bean or kidney shaped in most dicots and dumb-bell shaped in most monocots.
Plants showing anomalous secondary growth include- a)Agave
- b)Dracaena
- c)Yucca
- d)All of the above
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Plants showing anomalous secondary growth include
a)
Agave
b)
Dracaena
c)
Yucca
d)
All of the above
|
|
Mira Joshi answered |
Anomalous secondary growth is abnormal type of secondary growth that occurs in some arborescent monocots (e.g. Dracaena, Yucca, Agave) and storage roots (e.g., beet, sweet potato etc.).
What is the outermost layer of a root called?- a)Cortex
- b)Epiblema
- c)Endodermis
- d)Pericycle
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the outermost layer of a root called?
a)
Cortex
b)
Epiblema
c)
Endodermis
d)
Pericycle
|
Bs Academy answered |
The outermost layer is epiblema (of dicotyledeons root). Many of the cells of epiblema protrude in the form of unicellular root hairs.
During secondary growth in a dicot root, cork cambium is formed by the activity of
- a)cortex
- b)hypodermis
- c)pericycle
- d)epidermis
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
During secondary growth in a dicot root, cork cambium is formed by the activity of
a)
cortex
b)
hypodermis
c)
pericycle
d)
epidermis
|
|
Vivek Patel answered |
Cork cambium is formed by the activity of the pericycle.
During secondary growth in a dicot root, the vascular cambium, which is responsible for producing secondary xylem and phloem, becomes active. As the vascular cambium produces more secondary xylem towards the inside and secondary phloem towards the outside, the root increases in diameter. This increase in diameter causes the outer tissues, such as the epidermis, hypodermis, and cortex, to get crushed and eventually rupture.
During secondary growth in a dicot root, the vascular cambium, which is responsible for producing secondary xylem and phloem, becomes active. As the vascular cambium produces more secondary xylem towards the inside and secondary phloem towards the outside, the root increases in diameter. This increase in diameter causes the outer tissues, such as the epidermis, hypodermis, and cortex, to get crushed and eventually rupture.
To replace these damaged outer tissues and create a protective barrier, a new meristematic tissue called cork cambium (or phellogen) develops. Cork cambium arises from the pericycle, which is a layer of cells found between the endodermis and the vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) in the root.
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