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Malarial parasite after entering the human body reaches the:
a) liver and then RBCs
b) stomach and then RBCs
c) liver and then WBCs
d) stomach and then salivary glands.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
  • Malaria spreads when a mosquito becomes infected with the disease after biting an infected person, and the infected mosquito then bites a non-infected person.
  • The malaria parasites enter that person's bloodstream and travel to the liver. When the parasites mature, they leave the liver and infect red blood cells.

This one is the characteristic of epithelial tissue:
  • a)
    Tissues are highly vascularized
  • b)
    These cells never produce glands
  • c)
    The cells will have a rapid rate of cell division
  • d)
    Large intercellular spaces are seen between cells
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Epithelial tissue is one of the four primary types of tissue present in animals. It is composed of tightly packed cells that cover the body surface and line the internal organs, forming a protective barrier. The characteristic of epithelial tissue is as follows:

Rapid Rate of Cell Division
- Epithelial cells have a high rate of cell division, which allows the tissue to regenerate and repair quickly.
- This characteristic is essential for the maintenance and repair of the epithelial tissue.

Other Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue
- Epithelial tissue is avascular, meaning that it lacks blood vessels.
- Epithelial cells are tightly packed and form a continuous sheet, providing a barrier to protect the body from external factors, such as pathogens, chemicals, and physical damage.
- Epithelial tissue has a polarity, meaning that the cells have different structures and functions depending on their location in the tissue.
- Epithelial cells are anchored to a basement membrane, which separates the tissue from the underlying connective tissue.

Functions of Epithelial Tissue
- Epithelial tissue serves various functions, including absorption, secretion, protection, and sensation.
- Different types of epithelial tissue have different structures and functions based on their location in the body.
- For example, the epithelial tissue in the lungs is specialized for gas exchange, while the epithelial tissue in the digestive system is specialized for absorption and secretion.

In conclusion, the characteristic of epithelial tissue is its rapid rate of cell division, which is essential for the maintenance and repair of the tissue. Epithelial tissue also has other characteristics, such as being avascular, forming a continuous sheet, having polarity, and being anchored to a basement membrane. The tissue serves various functions, including absorption, secretion, protection, and sensation, depending on its location in the body.

The diseases where microbes are the immediate causes, are called
  • a)
    infectious diseases
  • b)
    non-infectious diseases
  • c)
    chronic diseases
  • d)
    acute diseases
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Aditi Sharma answered
Diseases where microbes are immediate causes are called infectious diseases. Microbes can spread in a community and thereby spread the disease. 
Example: Tuberculosis, common cold, AIDS, etc.

Diseases affect the organs depending on the point of entry into the body. Identify the disease from the following, which enters our body through mosquito bite and reaches the brain :
  • a)
    Polio
  • b)
    Malaria
  • c)
    Dengue
  • d)
    Encephalitis
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Naina Sharma answered
  • Encephalitis is a term used to describe inflammation of the brain. This condition causes problems with the brain and spinal cord function.
  • The inflammation causes the brain to swell, which leads to changes in the person’s neurologic condition, including mental confusion and seizures.

Penicillin is a drug that can
  • a)
    kill bacteria because it is an antibiotic
  • b)
    interfere in the metabolic pathway of bacteria
  • c)
    Both a and b
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rhea Patel answered
Explanation:

Penicillin is an antibiotic drug that was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928. It is used to treat bacterial infections caused by sensitive bacteria. Penicillin is a member of the beta-lactam family of antibiotics, which means that it contains a beta-lactam ring in its chemical structure.

Interference in Metabolic Pathway of Bacteria:

Penicillin works by interfering in the metabolic pathway of bacteria. Bacteria require cell wall synthesis for their growth and survival. The cell wall is a complex structure that surrounds the bacterial cell and provides protection and support. The cell wall is primarily composed of peptidoglycan, a mesh-like structure of sugar and amino acids.

Penicillin interferes with the cell wall synthesis of bacteria by inhibiting the enzyme transpeptidase, which is responsible for cross-linking the peptidoglycan strands. Without the cross-links, the cell wall becomes weak and unable to withstand the high osmotic pressure of the bacterial cytoplasm. As a result, the bacterial cell undergoes lysis (rupture) and dies.

Penicillin is effective against a wide range of bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. However, some bacteria have developed resistance to penicillin by producing enzymes called beta-lactamases, which break down the beta-lactam ring and render the drug ineffective.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, penicillin is an antibiotic drug that works by interfering in the metabolic pathway of bacteria. It inhibits the enzyme transpeptidase, which is responsible for cross-linking the peptidoglycan strands in the bacterial cell wall. Without the cross-links, the cell wall becomes weak and unable to withstand the high osmotic pressure of the bacterial cytoplasm, which leads to cell lysis and death.

DPT vaccines are administered to develop immunity against
  • a)
    Tetanaus
  • b)
    Diptheria
  • c)
    Pertussis
  • d)
    All of these
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Vartika Shukla answered
Vaccines used today against diphtheria and tetanus (i.e., DT and Td) sometimes also include protection against whooping cough or pertussis (i.e., DTaP and Tdap). Babies and children younger than 7 years old receive DTaP or DT, while older children and adults receive Tdap and Td.
so answer is all of the above i.e. d

Elephantiasis is a disease that result in :-
  • a)
    Long-term effects on health
  • b)
    Short-term effects on health
  • c)
    No effect on health
  • d)
    Occasional bad effects on health
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The correct option is A.
Lymphatic filariasis, commonly known as elephantiasis, is a neglected tropical disease. Infection occurs when filarial parasites are transmitted to humans through mosquitoes. Infection is usually acquired in childhood causing hidden damage to the lymphatic system.

Sleeping sickness is caused by (i) ________ , which is a (ii) ___________.
  • a)
    (i) Leishmania, (ii) protozoan
  • b)
    (i) Trypanosoma, (ii) protozoan
  • c)
    (i) Staphylococcus, (ii) bacterium
  • d)
    (i) Trypanosoma, (ii) bacterium
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
  • Human African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is a vector-borne parasitic disease.
  • It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma.

Which one of the following has a long term effect on the health of an individual?
  • a)
    Common cold
  • b)
    Chicken pox
  • c)
    Chewing tobacco
  • d)
    Stress
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Ananya Das answered
  • Chewing of tobacco may cause long term effects on an individual. It increases the risk for leukoplakia which is a precursor to oral cancer.
  • Chewing tobacco has been known to cause cancer, particularly of the mouth and throat.

Most of the skin infections are caused by
  • a)
    viruses
  • b)
    insect bites
  • c)
    bacteria
  • d)
    fungi
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation:
Skin infections are caused by various microorganisms like viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Out of these microorganisms, fungi are responsible for most of the skin infections. The fungi that commonly cause skin infections are dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds.

Types of Fungal Skin Infections:
Fungal skin infections are of various types, some of which are:

1. Ringworm: It is a fungal infection that affects the skin, scalp, and nails. The infection is characterized by a red circular rash with a raised border.

2. Athlete's Foot: It is a fungal infection that affects the feet. The infection is characterized by itching, burning, and scaling of the skin.

3. Jock Itch: It is a fungal infection that affects the groin area. The infection is characterized by itching, redness, and scaling of the skin.

4. Candidiasis: It is a fungal infection that affects the skin, mouth, and genital area. The infection is caused by yeast and is characterized by redness, itching, and discharge.

Symptoms of Fungal Skin Infections:
Some of the symptoms of fungal skin infections are:

1. Itching
2. Redness
3. Scaling
4. Burning
5. Discharge

Treatment of Fungal Skin Infections:
Fungal skin infections can be treated with antifungal medications. Some of the common antifungal medications are:

1. Terbinafine
2. Clotrimazole
3. Miconazole
4. Fluconazole

In conclusion, fungal skin infections are caused by various microorganisms, out of which fungi are responsible for most of the skin infections. The symptoms of fungal skin infections include itching, redness, scaling, burning, and discharge. Antifungal medications are used to treat fungal skin infections.

Which is not a contributory cause of a person acquiring a water borne disease?
  • a)
    Lack of sufficient food
  • b)
    Attack by bacteria
  • c)
    Genetic susceptibility to the disease
  • d)
    Lack of clean drinking water
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vivek Rana answered
Some waterborne pathogenic microorganisms spread by water can cause severe, life-threatening diseases.Examples are typhoid fever, cholera and Hepatitis A or E. Other microorganisms induce less dangerous diseases.Often,diarrhoea is the main symptom.

Which one of the following is not a viral disease?
  • a)
    Dengue
  • b)
    AIDS
  • c)
    Typhoid
  • d)
    Influenza
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Aryan answered
Dengue is cause by dengue virus through aedes female mosquito bite

AIDS by HIV( Human immunodeficiency virus )through blood contact from infected person via any means

typhoid by salmonella typhi which is bacteria through contaminated food and water

influenza by influenza virus through droplets contact wid infected person

Which of the following is not a symptom of any disease?
  • a)
    Meningitis
  • b)
    Headache
  • c)
    Cough
  • d)
    Swelling
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Arzoo Sharma answered
See, thing is that I don't know about this ans. Meningitis but I know that other three are symptoms of diseases .so probably the first one is ans..( common sense )

Haemophilia is a :-
  • a)
    Chronic disease
  • b)
    Congenital disease
  • c)
    Acute disease
  • d)
    Deficiency disease
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
Congenital hemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder characterized by an absent or reduced level of clotting factor VIII(8) or factor IX(9). In a person with a normal amount of clotting factor, when bleeding starts, all of the clotting factors work together to form a clot that stops the bleeding.

The vector for Yellow fever is:
  • a)
    Mosquito
  • b)
    Flea
  • c)
    Housefly
  • d)
    Rat
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

R.k. Verma answered
(A) Yellow fever virus is mainly transmitted through the bite of theyellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti, but other mostly Aedes mosquitoes such as the tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) can also serve as a vectorfor this virus.

In a neuron, dendrite may be one or many, but axon is generally:
  • a)
    One
  • b)
    Two
  • c)
    Three
  • d)
    More than one
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Kumar answered
Neurons are cells within the nervous system that transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells. Most neurons have a cell body, an axon, and dendrites.

Which causes more health hazard – acute diseases or chronic diseases?
  • a)
    Acute diseases
  • b)
    Chronic diseases
  • c)
    Both leads equal effect
  • d)
    None of the disease led any effect on the body of patient.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Kalpana Sharma answered
Chronic Diseases Cause More Health Hazard than Acute Diseases

Chronic diseases are long-lasting medical conditions that are generally progressive in nature and do not have a specific cure. In contrast, acute diseases are generally short-lived and can be cured with proper treatment. Both chronic and acute diseases can lead to health hazards, but chronic diseases are more likely to cause more damage to a person's health than acute diseases.

Causes of Chronic Diseases

The causes of chronic diseases are multifactorial and can vary depending on the disease. Some of the common causes of chronic diseases include:

- Poor lifestyle choices such as lack of physical activity, unhealthy diet, and smoking
- Genetic factors
- Environmental factors such as pollution and exposure to toxins
- Chronic infections

Health Hazards of Chronic Diseases

Chronic diseases can lead to several health hazards such as:

- Reduced quality of life
- Increased healthcare costs
- Disability and loss of productivity
- Premature death

Chronic diseases can also increase the risk of developing other medical conditions such as heart disease, stroke, and cancer.

Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases

Preventing chronic diseases involves making healthy lifestyle choices such as engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy diet, and avoiding smoking. Regular health check-ups can also help in detecting chronic diseases early, which can improve the chances of successful treatment.

Treatment for chronic diseases depends on the type of disease and its severity. Treatment generally involves managing symptoms, slowing down the progression of the disease, and preventing complications. Some chronic diseases can also be cured with proper treatment, such as certain types of cancer.

Conclusion

In conclusion, chronic diseases cause more health hazards than acute diseases. Chronic diseases are long-lasting and progressive in nature and can lead to several health hazards such as reduced quality of life, increased healthcare costs, disability, and premature death. Preventing chronic diseases involves making healthy lifestyle choices and regular health check-ups, while treatment depends on the type and severity of the disease.

Which of the following is the literal meaning of disease?
  • a)
    Being happy
  • b)
    Being unaware
  • c)
    Being uncomfortable
  • d)
    Being uncomplicated
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Arun Sharma answered
Disease is a state in which, body or organs of body show variation. Such changes are called symptoms. Therefore, symptoms indicates presence of disease. However, it does not show what the disease is. Diseases can be either acute or chronic.

Which of the following is a viral disease?
  • a)
    Anthrax
  • b)
    Rabies
  • c)
    Cancer
  • d)
    Syphilis
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Jyoti Kapoor answered
Rabies is a virus that is usually spread by the bite or scratch of an animal. By the time the symptoms appear, it is generally too late to save the patient.
However, a person who may have been exposed to rabies can usually be treated effectively if they seek help at once.

In the United States, between 1 and 3 people contract rabies each year. From 2008 to 2017, the U.S. saw 23 human cases, eight of which were contracted outside the country. Advances in medicine, awareness, and vaccination programs have reduced the incidence of rabies since the 1970s.

However, globally, it remains a problem, and tens of thousands of deaths result from rabies each year, mostly in rural areas of Southeast Asia and Africa. Over 95 percent of infections are caused by dogs.

Vector of malaria is :-
  • a)
    Female Anopheles
  • b)
    Male Anopheles
  • c)
    Female Culex
  • d)
    Male Culex
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Navpreet Kaur answered
Answer is A
Because when female Anopheles suck blood of man then the malaria cells firstly attack on our liver where our RCBs are there.
Then they attack on Immune system due to our body become low ...

Which one of the following causes kala-azar?
  • a)
    Ascaris
  • b)
    Trypanosoma
  • c)
    Leishmama
  • d)
    Bacteria
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anshika Pal answered
Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoan Leishmania parasites which are transmitted by the bite of infected phlebotomine sandflies.

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

Which of the following bacteria cause peptic ulcer?

  • A:

    Helicobactor chlolecystus

  • B:

    Helicobactor salomonis

  • C:

    Helicobactor pylori

  • D:

    Helicobactor hepaticus

The answer is c.

Arjun Sharma answered
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a type of bacteria. These germs can enter your body and live in your digestive tract. After many years, they can cause sores, called ulcers, in the lining of your stomach or the upper part of your small intestine. For some people, an infection can lead to stomach cancer.

Elephantiasis disease can have
  • a)
    short-term affect on our health
  • b)
    no effect on our health
  • c)
    long term affect on our health
  • d)
    sometimes bad effect on our health
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Elephantiasis is a tropical disease caused by parasitic worms that are spread through mosquito bites. The skin gets thick and hard, resembling an elephant's skin. Elephantiasis disease can have long term effect on your health. They can live there for years and cause a lot of damage to your 1ymph system.

A tissue is made up of:
  • a)
    One type of cells
  • b)
    Two types of cells
  • c)
    One or many types of cells
  • d)
    Many types of cells
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Bhavana Yadav answered
A tissue is a group of cells, in close proximity, organized to perform one or more specific functions. There are four basic tissue types defined by their morphology and function: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue.

Which of the following could be a cause for developing a disease?
  • a)
    Exercising properly
  • b)
    Having a balanced diet
  • c)
    Poor personal hygiene
  • d)
    Getting enough sleep
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Sharma answered
Poor hygiene often accompanies certain mental or emotional disorders, including severe depression and psychotic disorders. Dementia is another common cause ofpoor hygiene. Other people may develop poor hygiene habits due to social factors such as poverty or inadequacy of social support.

Which of the following is not an chronic disease?
  • a)
    Elephantiasis
  • b)
    Tuberculosis
  • c)
    Cold and cough
  • d)
    AIDS
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Solanki answered
Answer:
The correct answer is C: Cold and cough.
Explanation:

  • Elephantiasis: Elephantiasis is a chronic disease caused by the parasitic infection of the lymphatic system. It is characterized by the swelling and thickening of the skin and underlying tissues, typically in the legs and genitals.

  • Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. TB can be a life-threatening condition if not treated properly.

  • AIDS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). It weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections and diseases. AIDS is a serious condition that can lead to death if left untreated.

  • Cold and cough: Cold and cough are acute illnesses caused by viral infections. While they can be recurrent, they are not considered chronic diseases as they typically resolve within a few days or weeks.


Therefore, the correct answer is C: Cold and cough.

The infectious agents responsible for which disease can be spread when the patient coughs ?
  • a)
    AIDS, TB and hepatitis
  • b)
    TB, influenza and cholera
  • c)
    TB and influenza
  • d)
    TB and hepatitis
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Tuberculosis(by bacterium) and influenza(by virus) both are spread thorough air droplets. The causative agent survive in the air droplets and through the air disease is transmitted from one person to other person.so, the correct answer is option'C'

Typhoid is an infectious disease caused by :-
  • a)
    Virus
  • b)
    Bacteria
  • c)
    Protozoan
  • d)
    Worm
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Ræjû Bhæï answered
Typhoid fever is an acute illness associated with fever caused by the Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria. It can also be caused by Salmonella paratyphi, a related bacterium that usually causes a less severe illness.

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