All questions of October 2023 for CUET Commerce Exam

According to the Consumer Pyramids Household Survey by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), the unemployment rate in India for September 2023 is 7.1%, marking a significant decrease from the previous month.

Prasar Bharati, India's public service broadcaster, has been re-elected as the President of the Asia-Pacific Institute for Broadcasting Development (AIBD) General Conference for its third consecutive term. This reaffirms India's commitment to promoting excellence in broadcasting and media development in the Asia-Pacific region.

The full form of "RRTS" in the context of India's transportation infrastructure is "Regional Rapid Transit System." This system aims to provide efficient and high-speed commuter transit connecting various regions.

Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for cooperation in Digital Technologies between India and France

In recent years, India has been actively seeking collaborations and partnerships with various countries to enhance its digital capabilities. One such collaboration is the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) approved by the Cabinet for cooperation in Digital Technologies between India and France.

Objective of the MoU
The MoU aims to strengthen the bilateral relationship between India and France in the field of digital technologies. It focuses on fostering cooperation in areas such as digital infrastructure, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and data protection. The objective is to promote the exchange of knowledge, expertise, and best practices between the two countries to accelerate digital transformation.

Key areas of cooperation
1. Digital Infrastructure: The MoU emphasizes the importance of developing robust digital infrastructure to support the digital economy. It aims to promote collaboration in areas such as broadband connectivity, internet of things (IoT), and e-governance.

2. Cybersecurity: With the increasing threat of cyber attacks, both India and France recognize the importance of cybersecurity. The MoU seeks to enhance cooperation in areas such as information sharing, capacity building, and joint research and development to combat cyber threats.

3. Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI has emerged as a transformative technology with applications in various sectors. The MoU aims to promote collaboration in AI research, development, and deployment. It also emphasizes the need to ensure ethical and responsible AI practices.

4. Data Protection: With the increasing digitalization of personal data, data protection has become a critical concern. The MoU emphasizes the importance of privacy and data protection laws. It aims to facilitate the exchange of best practices and expertise in this area.

Benefits of the MoU
- Knowledge sharing: The MoU provides a platform for India and France to exchange knowledge, expertise, and best practices in digital technologies. This will help both countries to learn from each other's experiences and enhance their respective digital capabilities.

- Innovation and research: Collaboration in areas such as AI and cybersecurity will spur innovation and research activities. Joint projects and research initiatives will lead to the development of cutting-edge technologies and solutions.

- Economic growth: The MoU will contribute to economic growth by promoting digital transformation and enhancing the competitiveness of both India and France. It will create opportunities for collaboration between Indian and French companies, leading to job creation and increased trade in the digital sector.

In conclusion, the MoU approved by the Cabinet for cooperation in Digital Technologies between India and France is a significant step towards strengthening the bilateral relationship and enhancing digital capabilities. It focuses on key areas such as digital infrastructure, cybersecurity, AI, and data protection. The collaboration between the two countries will drive innovation, economic growth, and ensure a secure and inclusive digital future.

The expected ratio of investment in clean energy compared to fossil fuels in 2030, according to the IEA's report, is 5:1 in favor of clean energy. This means that for every dollar invested in fossil fuels, five dollars will be invested in clean energy.

Reasons for the expected ratio of investment in clean energy compared to fossil fuels in 2030:

1. Transition to a low-carbon economy: The global focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and combating climate change has led to an increased emphasis on clean energy sources. Governments, organizations, and investors are recognizing the need to transition away from fossil fuels towards renewable and sustainable energy sources.

2. Falling costs of clean energy technologies: Over the years, the costs of renewable energy technologies such as solar and wind power have significantly declined. This has made clean energy more competitive and attractive to investors. As a result, there is a growing trend of shifting investment towards clean energy projects.

3. Policy support and incentives: Many countries have implemented policies and incentives to promote clean energy investment. These include feed-in tariffs, tax credits, renewable portfolio standards, and carbon pricing mechanisms. Such policies create a favorable environment for clean energy investment and encourage the shift away from fossil fuels.

4. Growing public demand and awareness: There is an increasing awareness among the public about the environmental impacts of fossil fuels and the benefits of clean energy. This has led to a rising demand for renewable energy and a shift in consumer preferences. Investors are responding to this demand by allocating more funds towards clean energy projects.

5. Long-term sustainability and resilience: Clean energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power offer long-term sustainability and resilience compared to fossil fuels, which are finite resources. Investors recognize the potential for long-term returns and stability in clean energy investments.

Conclusion:
The expected ratio of investment in clean energy compared to fossil fuels in 2030 is 5:1 in favor of clean energy. This reflects the global shift towards renewable and sustainable energy sources driven by factors such as falling costs, policy support, public demand, and long-term sustainability.

The modification in GST regulations was recommended during the 52nd GST Council Meeting, chaired by Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. This meeting empowered the government to make amendments to the Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) Rules, which are now known as the "CGST (fourth amendment) Rules, 2023."

The recent amendment to the Cable Television Network (CTN) Rules of 1994 by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting serves the purpose of introducing a formal procedure for fresh registrations of Multi-System Operators (MSOs). This amendment brings about significant changes in the process of MSO registrations, aiming to streamline the operation and ensure better governance in the cable television industry.

The key objective of this amendment is to establish a structured and transparent mechanism for the registration of MSOs. This will enable the government to have a clear record of all the MSOs operating in the country and ensure that they comply with the necessary regulations and guidelines. By introducing a formal procedure for fresh registrations, the Ministry intends to enhance accountability and facilitate better monitoring of the cable television industry.

Under the amended rules, MSOs are required to submit detailed information and documents for registration. This includes their company profile, ownership details, technical infrastructure, financial statements, and other relevant information. By mandating the submission of these documents, the Ministry aims to ensure that only genuine and qualified operators are granted registrations.

The introduction of a formal procedure for fresh registrations also allows for better scrutiny of applications. The Ministry can now thoroughly evaluate the eligibility of MSOs based on their compliance history, financial stability, technical capabilities, and other relevant factors. This will help in weeding out unscrupulous operators and ensuring a level-playing field for genuine players in the cable television industry.

Moreover, this amendment also sets a clear timeline for the processing of MSO registrations. The Ministry is required to process the applications within a specified period, ensuring that there is no undue delay in the registration process. This is a significant improvement over the previous system, where the processing time varied widely and often led to delays and uncertainty for the operators.

In summary, the recent amendment to the CTN Rules of 1994 by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting serves the purpose of introducing a formal procedure for fresh registrations of MSOs. This amendment aims to enhance accountability, ensure better governance, and streamline the operation of the cable television industry. By establishing a transparent mechanism for registrations, the Ministry seeks to create a level-playing field and promote the growth of genuine and qualified operators in the sector.

REC Limited recently launched the 'SUGAM REC' mobile app for 54EC Bonds investors.

Explanation:
REC Limited, formerly known as Rural Electrification Corporation Limited, is a Government of India owned company that provides financial assistance and promotes electrification and development of rural areas in India. It is a leading public infrastructure finance company in the power sector.

Launch of 'SUGAM REC' Mobile App:
REC Limited recently launched the 'SUGAM REC' mobile app specifically for 54EC Bonds investors. The app aims to provide a seamless and user-friendly platform for investors to apply for and track their investments in 54EC Bonds.

Features of the 'SUGAM REC' Mobile App:
The 'SUGAM REC' mobile app offers several features to enhance the experience of 54EC Bonds investors. Some of the key features include:

1. Easy Application Process: Investors can easily apply for 54EC Bonds through the app. The process is quick, convenient, and eliminates the need for physical paperwork.

2. Tracking Facility: The app allows investors to track the status of their investment applications in real-time. They can stay updated on the progress of their investments through the app.

3. Notifications and Alerts: Investors receive timely notifications and alerts regarding important updates, such as interest payments, maturity date, and other relevant information related to their investments.

4. Secure and User-Friendly Interface: The app provides a secure and user-friendly interface for investors to manage their investments. It ensures the confidentiality and privacy of investor information.

5. Customer Support: The app offers dedicated customer support to assist investors with any queries or concerns related to their investments in 54EC Bonds.

Benefits of the 'SUGAM REC' Mobile App:
The launch of the 'SUGAM REC' mobile app brings several benefits to 54EC Bonds investors. Some of the key benefits include:

1. Convenience: Investors can apply for and track their investments anytime, anywhere through the mobile app. They no longer need to visit physical offices or banks to complete the investment process.

2. Time-Saving: The app streamlines the investment process, saving investors valuable time. It eliminates the need for manual paperwork and reduces the overall processing time.

3. Transparency: Investors can access real-time updates on their investments, ensuring transparency in the process. They can track the status of their applications and receive notifications about interest payments and maturity dates.

4. Enhanced User Experience: The user-friendly interface of the app makes it easy for investors to navigate and manage their investments. It provides a seamless experience that enhances customer satisfaction.

In conclusion, REC Limited's launch of the 'SUGAM REC' mobile app for 54EC Bonds investors demonstrates its commitment to leveraging technology for the convenience and benefit of its investors. The app's features and benefits make it a valuable tool for investors looking to invest in 54EC Bonds and track their investments efficiently.

Russian State-owned Sberbank has achieved the distinction of being the first Russian bank to register with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) as a foreign portfolio investor (FPI). This registration, under Category I FPI, allows Sberbank to invest in various foreign financial assets, aligning with India's efforts to attract foreign investment.

The Union Cabinet approved the Nutrient-Based Subsidy (NBS) rates for the Rabi Season 2023-24 with an allocation of Rs 22,303 crore. This decision was influenced by the decreasing international prices of Phosphatic and Potassic (P&K) fertilizers, aiming to support farmers and agricultural productivity.

The India-Bangladesh Joint Military Exercise SAMPRITI-XI 2023 focuses on strengthening defense cooperation through counter-terrorism operations. It includes tactical drills for hostage rescue, crowd control measures, and the use of helicopters, enhancing both nations' preparedness for such scenarios.

The theme of World Sight Day 2023 is "Love Your Eyes at Work." This global initiative emphasizes eye health awareness.

The main objective of the Women’s Reservation Bill 2023 is to mandate a 33% reservation for women in the State Legislative assemblies and National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, in addition to the Lok Sabha. This historic decision aims to increase women's representation in the political sphere and promote gender equality. The bill will take effect after the completion of the delimitation process in 2026.

Productivity Linked Bonus (PLB) approved for railway employees for the financial year 2022-2023

The Union Cabinet has approved the payment of Productivity Linked Bonus (PLB) to railway employees for the financial year 2022-2023. The PLB is a performance-based incentive given to the employees of the Indian Railways to motivate them and improve their productivity.

Amount of PLB:
The approved amount of PLB for railway employees for the financial year 2022-2023 is 78 days' worth of wages. This means that eligible railway employees will receive a bonus equivalent to 78 days' salary.

Significance of PLB:
The PLB scheme for railway employees was introduced to provide them with additional financial support and to recognize their contribution towards improving the performance and productivity of the Indian Railways. The bonus is calculated based on the productivity and performance of the employees, which encourages them to work efficiently and achieve better results.

Calculation of PLB:
The PLB amount is calculated based on the average salary of the employee and the number of days for which the employee has rendered service during the specified period. The formula for calculating PLB is as follows:

PLB = (Average Salary / 30.4) * Number of days of eligible service

Here, the average salary is divided by 30.4 to calculate the daily wage rate. The number of days of eligible service is the number of days for which the employee has worked during the financial year.

Impact on railway employees:
The approval of 78 days' worth of PLB for railway employees will have a positive impact on their financial well-being. It will provide them with an additional source of income and help in meeting their various expenses. The bonus amount will be disbursed to the employees in a timely manner, providing them with much-needed financial support.

Conclusion:
The approval of 78 days' worth of PLB for railway employees for the financial year 2022-2023 by the Union Cabinet is a welcome move. It recognizes the hard work and dedication of the employees and provides them with a well-deserved bonus. This decision will not only boost the morale of the railway employees but also contribute to the overall productivity and performance of the Indian Railways.

Bhopal’s Mahila Thana (women's police station) became the first women-centric police station in India to be awarded the ISO 9001:2015 certification. This certification is a testament to its dedication to excellence and providing quality services.

Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India and France in Space Industry
India and France signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) during ISC 2023 to enhance cooperation in the space industry. This MoU signifies the commitment of both countries to collaborate and work together in various aspects of space exploration and technology.

Signatories of the MoU:
- The MoU was signed by ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) from India and GIFAS (Groupement des Industries Francaises Aeronautiques et Spatiales) from France.

Objective of the MoU:
- The main objective of this MoU is to strengthen cooperation in the field of space exploration, satellite technology, and other related areas between India and France.

Areas of Cooperation:
- The MoU covers areas such as joint satellite missions, technology transfer, satellite launches, and space research. It also includes collaboration in the development and deployment of new technologies in the space industry.

Benefits of the MoU:
- This MoU will facilitate the exchange of knowledge and expertise between the two countries, leading to the development of innovative technologies and projects in the space sector. It will also enhance the strategic partnership between India and France in the field of space exploration.
Overall, the signing of this MoU between India and France is a significant step towards strengthening cooperation in the space industry and fostering collaboration between the two nations for mutual benefits.

Swarup Anand Mohanty was appointed as the Vice Chairman (VC) of Mirae Asset Investment Managers (India) Private Limited, making him the first non-Korean individual to hold this position. The organization has experienced a management reshuffle.

Applicable GST Rate for Corporate Guarantees:
Corporate guarantees provided by corporations to their subsidiaries fall under the category of services. As per the GST notification, the applicable GST rate for corporate guarantees is 18%.

Explanation:
- Corporate guarantees are considered as supply of services under the Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime.
- The GST rate applicable to services is 18% as per the GST notification.
- Therefore, any corporate guarantees provided by corporations to their subsidiaries will attract an 18% GST rate.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the applicable GST rate for corporate guarantees provided by corporations to their subsidiaries is 18%. It is important for corporations to be aware of this rate while providing such guarantees to ensure compliance with GST regulations.

The Cabinet approved an MoU between India and Papua New Guinea, Trinidad and Tobago for Digital Transformation. This agreement is set to enhance digital initiatives in these regions, making it a pivotal step in their digital transformation.

The Status Holder certification under FTP 2023 offers benefits such as simplified procedures and priority custom clearances, as stated in the text. It eliminates the need for mandatory document negotiation through banks and filing Bank Guarantee for FTP schemes.

The 'Rozgar Prayag Portal' was introduced in Uttarakhand by the Ministry of Commerce & Industry, as mentioned in the text. This portal aims to facilitate employment opportunities in the state.

The aim of the Aspirational Blocks Programme (ABP) is to enhance the quality of life for citizens living in aspirational blocks. It focuses on improving various aspects of governance and development at the block level to uplift these regions and their residents.

The report states that globally, gas demand is projected to grow by 1.6% annually from 2022 to 2026, down from the previous average of 2.5% per year from 2017 to 2021.

According to the IEA report, India's natural gas demand is projected to experience a remarkable 4% upswing in the calendar year 2023. This indicates a significant increase in the demand for natural gas.

Purpose of the Integrated Grievance Management System (IGMS) Portal
The Integrated Grievance Management System (IGMS) portal launched by the Indian government serves a crucial role in enhancing citizen engagement and promoting transparency in governance.
Key Objectives of IGMS:

• Expediting Grievance Redressal: The primary purpose of IGMS is to streamline the grievance redressal process. It offers a centralized platform where citizens can lodge complaints regarding various services provided by the government.
• Reducing Resolution Time: By implementing a systematic approach to manage grievances, the IGMS aims to significantly reduce the time taken for resolution. This ensures that citizens receive timely responses and solutions to their issues.
• Monitoring and Tracking: The portal allows users to track the status of their grievances in real-time. This transparency fosters trust between the government and citizens, as individuals can see the progress being made on their complaints.
• Improving Accountability: The IGMS holds government departments accountable for their response times and resolution effectiveness. This accountability encourages authorities to prioritize citizen concerns.

Conclusion:
In summary, the Integrated Grievance Management System (IGMS) portal is a vital initiative by the Indian government designed to expedite the grievance redressal process, thereby enhancing citizen satisfaction and trust in governance. This efficient system not only addresses individual complaints but also contributes to overall improvements in public service delivery.

In the context of agriculture, sustainability refers to the ability to meet present-day needs in terms of food production and natural resource management without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves finding ways to maximize productivity while minimizing negative environmental impacts, conserving resources, and promoting social and economic well-being.

Sustainable agriculture practices aim to optimize the use of resources such as water, soil, and energy, while minimizing pollution, erosion, and other negative impacts on the environment. This can involve using organic or regenerative farming methods, practicing crop rotation, minimizing pesticide and fertilizer use, and implementing efficient irrigation systems.

Sustainable agriculture also emphasizes the importance of social and economic equity. It involves ensuring fair wages and working conditions for farmers and farm workers, supporting local communities and economies, and promoting food security and access for all.

Overall, the goal of sustainable agriculture is to create a system that can endure and thrive in the long term, balancing the needs of the environment, society, and the economy.

The significant change introduced in the Drone (Amendment) Rules 2023 to facilitate drone operations in India is the waiving of the passport requirement for drone pilots. Previously, under the Drone Rules 2021, drone pilots were required to possess a valid passport to operate drones in India. However, with the introduction of the Drone (Amendment) Rules 2023, this requirement has been removed.

The waiving of the passport requirement is a crucial step in promoting and facilitating drone operations in India. It eliminates a significant barrier for individuals who do not possess a passport but are interested in operating drones. This change opens up opportunities for a wider range of drone pilots, including those who may not have had the means or need for a passport previously.

This amendment is expected to boost the adoption of drones in various sectors such as agriculture, infrastructure, logistics, and delivery services. It will enable more individuals to participate in the drone ecosystem and contribute to the growth of the industry in India.

By removing the passport requirement, the government aims to make drone operations more accessible and inclusive. It acknowledges that the possession of a passport should not be a prerequisite for individuals to engage in drone activities. This change aligns with the government's vision of promoting ease of doing business and fostering innovation in the country.

In addition to the waiving of the passport requirement, the Drone (Amendment) Rules 2023 also introduce other changes to streamline drone operations. These include the introduction of a self-certification system for nano drones, the classification of drones based on weight and capabilities, and the simplification of the drone registration process. These changes collectively aim to create a conducive environment for the safe and efficient operation of drones in India.

In conclusion, the waiving of the passport requirement for drone pilots is a significant change introduced in the Drone (Amendment) Rules 2023. This change eliminates a barrier for individuals interested in operating drones and promotes inclusivity in the drone ecosystem. It is expected to facilitate the growth of the drone industry in India and encourage innovation in various sectors.

The text indicates that the unemployment rate (UR) under the Current Weekly Status (CWS) has decreased for the third consecutive year since April 2017.

2022 Center on the Legal Profession Award
The '2022 Center on the Legal Profession (CLP) Award for Global Leadership' was awarded to the Chief Justice of India, N.V. Ramana. This recognition from Harvard Law School highlights his significant contributions to the legal profession and judiciary, both in India and globally.
Reasons for the Award
- Judicial Leadership: Chief Justice Ramana has been pivotal in upholding the rule of law, ensuring justice, and promoting judicial independence in India.
- Innovative Judicial Reforms: He has introduced various reforms aimed at enhancing the efficiency of the judicial system, such as the use of technology in courts.
- Advocacy for Access to Justice: His initiatives focus on making justice accessible to all, particularly marginalized sections of society.
- Global Influence: Through his work, he has influenced not only Indian jurisprudence but has also become a respected voice in global discussions on legal matters.
Significance of the Award
- International Recognition: The award emphasizes the importance of leadership in the legal field and recognizes contributions that resonate beyond national borders.
- Inspiration for Future Leaders: It serves as an inspiration for other legal professionals to advocate for justice and reform within their jurisdictions.
- Strengthening Legal Institutions: Honoring such leaders reinforces the commitment to strengthening legal institutions worldwide, promoting the ideals of justice and fairness.
In summary, the Chief Justice of India, N.V. Ramana, was honored with the '2022 CLP Award for Global Leadership' for his exemplary leadership and contributions to the legal profession.

World Egg Day:
World Egg Day is an international event dedicated to promoting the importance of eggs in nutrition and agriculture. It is celebrated on the second Friday in October each year.

Significance:
1. Nutritional Value: Eggs are a rich source of high-quality protein, vitamins, and minerals, making them an essential part of a healthy diet.
2. Agricultural Importance: Eggs are not only a nutritious food source but also play a significant role in agriculture by providing income opportunities for farmers and supporting rural livelihoods.
3. Global Awareness: World Egg Day aims to raise awareness about the nutritional benefits of eggs and the importance of egg production in ensuring food security worldwide.

Celebrations:
1. Events and Campaigns: Various events, campaigns, and activities are organized globally to promote the consumption of eggs and educate people about their nutritional value.
2. Community Involvement: Farmers, producers, nutritionists, chefs, and consumers come together to celebrate World Egg Day and highlight the role of eggs in nutrition and agriculture.
3. Social Media: Social media platforms are used to spread awareness about World Egg Day, with hashtags and posts promoting the benefits of eggs.

Conclusion:
World Egg Day serves as a platform to emphasize the importance of eggs in nutrition and agriculture, highlighting their essential role in promoting health and food security worldwide. It encourages individuals to incorporate eggs into their diets and supports sustainable egg production practices.

The primary focus of the Bharatiya Bhasha Utsav recently launched by Union Minister Dharmendra Pradhan is to celebrate Indian languages and technology. This initiative aims to promote and preserve the cultural and linguistic diversity of India while also leveraging technology for the development and growth of Indian languages.

Background
India is a linguistically diverse country with over 1,600 languages spoken across its various regions. However, with the advent of globalization and the dominance of English, many Indian languages are facing the risk of extinction. The Bharatiya Bhasha Utsav recognizes the importance of preserving and promoting these languages.

Celebrating Indian Languages
The Bharatiya Bhasha Utsav celebrates the rich linguistic heritage of India by organizing various events, competitions, workshops, and seminars that focus on different Indian languages. It provides a platform for people to showcase their linguistic skills, creativity, and knowledge in their respective mother tongues.

Technology and Language
The Utsav also emphasizes the role of technology in the development and propagation of Indian languages. It recognizes that technology can be a powerful tool for language preservation, documentation, and dissemination. Through the use of digital platforms, mobile applications, language-learning tools, and online resources, the Utsav aims to promote the use of Indian languages in the digital sphere.

Language Learning and Skill Development
One of the key objectives of the Bharatiya Bhasha Utsav is to encourage language learning and skill development in Indian languages. It aims to create awareness about the importance of multilingualism and provide opportunities for individuals to enhance their language proficiency. This can contribute to better communication, cultural understanding, and economic empowerment.

Preservation of Cultural Identity
By celebrating Indian languages, the Utsav seeks to preserve the cultural identity of different linguistic communities. Language is an integral part of a community's heritage and plays a crucial role in shaping its traditions, literature, art, and social practices. The Utsav aims to create a sense of pride and belonging among speakers of Indian languages and ensure their preservation for future generations.

Conclusion
The Bharatiya Bhasha Utsav launched by Union Minister Dharmendra Pradhan primarily focuses on celebrating Indian languages and technology. By promoting linguistic diversity, leveraging technology, and encouraging language learning, this initiative aims to preserve and promote the rich cultural heritage of India.

As per the World Energy Outlook 2023, the IEA reiterates its stance that all new fossil fuel projects should be immediately halted to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. This underscores the urgency of transitioning to cleaner energy sources to combat climate change.

Tele-MANAS Logo Inaugurated on World Mental Health Day
In a significant development on World Mental Health Day, Union Minister Mansukh Mandaviya inaugurated the Tele-MANAS logo. This initiative aims to provide mental health services to individuals through telemedicine, thereby increasing accessibility and convenience for those in need of support.

Tele-MANAS Initiative
The Tele-MANAS initiative focuses on addressing mental health issues by offering virtual consultations, therapy sessions, and support services to individuals. By leveraging telemedicine technology, this program aims to bridge the gap in mental health services and reach a larger population across different regions.

Importance of Tele-MANAS
Tele-MANAS plays a crucial role in promoting mental well-being and offering timely intervention to those struggling with mental health concerns. By providing remote access to mental health professionals, individuals can seek support and guidance without the constraints of physical distance or availability of local services.

Significance of the Inauguration
The inauguration of the Tele-MANAS logo signifies a commitment to prioritizing mental health and fostering innovative solutions to address mental health challenges. By launching this initiative on World Mental Health Day, the government highlights the importance of mental well-being and the need for accessible mental health services for all individuals.

Conclusion
The inauguration of the Tele-MANAS logo by Union Minister Mansukh Mandaviya on World Mental Health Day underscores the government's dedication to promoting mental health awareness and providing support to those in need. This initiative is a step towards ensuring that mental health services are readily available to individuals, regardless of their location or circumstances.

The significance of the discovery of "Badis Limaakumi" is that it belongs to the Badis genus, known for its ability to change color. These fish are often referred to as "chameleon fish" due to their distinctive characteristic of changing colors. This discovery adds to India's freshwater biodiversity and highlights the importance of conservation efforts.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has undertaken significant reforms, including the establishment of the Innovative Finance Facility for Climate in Asia and the Pacific (IF-CAP), to address pressing Asian challenges, notably climate change, and accelerate progress toward the sustainable development goals (SDGs).

India's largest pumped storage project

On October 4, 2023, Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan inaugurated India's largest pumped storage project. This project is a significant milestone in the country's renewable energy sector and is expected to contribute significantly to the state's power generation capacity.

Overview of the project:

- The pumped storage project is designed to store and generate electricity during peak demand periods. It involves the construction of two reservoirs at different elevations, connected by tunnels and pipes.
- During periods of low electricity demand, excess power from the grid or renewable sources, such as solar or wind, is used to pump water from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir.
- When there is a surge in electricity demand, the stored water is released from the upper reservoir, flowing through turbines to generate electricity that is then supplied to the grid.
- The project has a total capacity of XX megawatts (MW), making it the largest pumped storage project in India. It is expected to improve grid stability and help meet the growing electricity demand in the state.

Significance of the project:

- The pumped storage project plays a crucial role in balancing the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. It helps in meeting peak demand periods by utilizing excess energy during low demand periods.
- The project will contribute to the overall renewable energy capacity in the state, reducing dependence on fossil fuel-based power generation.
- It will also help in reducing carbon emissions and promote sustainable development in the region.
- The increased power generation capacity will lead to improved availability and reliability of electricity supply, benefiting industries, businesses, and households in the state.

Economic and social impact:

- The project is expected to create numerous job opportunities during the construction phase, providing employment to local communities and boosting the economy.
- The availability of reliable power supply will attract investments in various sectors, leading to industrial development and economic growth.
- The increased power generation capacity will also improve the quality of life for residents, ensuring better access to electricity for households, educational institutions, and healthcare facilities.

In conclusion, the inauguration of India's largest pumped storage project by Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan marks a significant step towards achieving a sustainable and reliable power supply in the state. The project's capacity, along with its positive economic and social impact, will contribute to the overall growth and development of the region.

Main Objective of Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY)

The main objective of Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) is to provide financial protection to vulnerable families against high healthcare costs.

Explanation:
Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) is a flagship health insurance scheme launched by the Government of India. It aims to provide health coverage to the economically weaker sections of the society who are unable to afford quality healthcare services.

Key Points:

1. Financial Protection: The primary objective of AB PM-JAY is to provide financial protection to vulnerable families. It aims to protect them from the financial burden caused by high healthcare costs, especially for serious illnesses and hospitalizations.

2. Beneficiary Coverage: The scheme provides health coverage to over 10 crore vulnerable families or approximately 50 crore beneficiaries across India. The beneficiaries are identified through the Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC) data.

3. Coverage of Medical Expenses: AB PM-JAY covers a wide range of medical expenses, including hospitalization, surgeries, diagnostics, medicines, and follow-up care. The coverage extends to both pre-existing conditions and new illnesses or injuries.

4. Cashless Treatment: The scheme provides cashless treatment to the beneficiaries at empaneled public and private hospitals. This eliminates the need for the beneficiaries to pay out-of-pocket expenses and ensures that they receive the required medical care without financial constraints.

5. Portability: AB PM-JAY is a portable scheme, which means that beneficiaries can avail of the benefits across the country. They are not restricted to accessing healthcare services only in their home states.

6. Quality Healthcare: The scheme aims to improve the quality of healthcare services by empaneling hospitals and healthcare providers based on predefined quality standards. This ensures that the beneficiaries receive quality treatment and care.

7. Preventive Healthcare: AB PM-JAY also focuses on promoting preventive healthcare and wellness among the beneficiaries. It encourages regular health check-ups, immunizations, and awareness about healthy lifestyle practices.

Conclusion:
The main objective of Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) is to provide financial protection to vulnerable families against high healthcare costs. By providing cashless treatment and covering a wide range of medical expenses, the scheme aims to ensure that all eligible beneficiaries have access to quality healthcare services without facing financial hardships.

Understanding Geographical Indications (GI) in India
Geographical Indication (GI) is an important intellectual property tool that indicates a product's origin and ensures its unique qualities are recognized. In India, the responsibility for conferring GI tags falls under the purview of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
Ministry of Commerce and Industry's Role
- The Ministry of Commerce and Industry is the designated authority overseeing the registration of GIs in India.
- It operates under the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999, which aims to provide legal protection to geographical indications and prevent misuse.
- The Controller General of Patents, Designs, and Trademarks, functioning under this ministry, manages the GI registry and processes applications.
Significance of GI Tags
- GI tags help protect traditional products, enhancing their marketability and ensuring that producers receive recognition and fair compensation.
- They promote economic growth in rural areas by encouraging the production of local goods and preserving cultural heritage.
Conclusion
- The correct answer is option 'A' because the Ministry of Commerce and Industry is the sole authority responsible for the GI registration process in India.
- This ministry plays a crucial role in safeguarding the interests of producers and ensuring the integrity of products linked to specific geographical locations.

Significant Partnership Promoting Linguistic Inclusivity in the Financial Services Sector: RBI and Digital India Bhashini Division

The significant partnership that aims to promote linguistic inclusivity in the financial services sector is between the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and Digital India Bhashini Division. This collaboration is an important step towards ensuring that financial services are accessible to individuals from diverse linguistic backgrounds, thus promoting inclusivity and financial literacy.

Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
- The RBI is the central bank of India and plays a crucial role in the country's financial system.
- It regulates and supervises various financial institutions and ensures the stability and integrity of the banking system.

Digital India Bhashini Division
- The Digital India Bhashini Division is a part of the Digital India initiative launched by the Government of India.
- It focuses on promoting digital literacy and ensuring that digital services are available in multiple Indian languages.

Objective of the Partnership
The objective of the partnership between RBI and Digital India Bhashini Division is to address the language barrier that many individuals face when accessing financial services. By providing financial information and services in multiple Indian languages, this partnership aims to make banking and financial services more inclusive and accessible to individuals who are not proficient in English or Hindi.

Promoting Financial Literacy
- One of the key goals of this partnership is to promote financial literacy among individuals who may be more comfortable interacting in their native language.
- By providing financial information, educational material, and services in multiple languages, the partnership aims to empower individuals with the necessary knowledge to make informed financial decisions.

Enhancing Access to Financial Services
- The collaboration between RBI and Digital India Bhashini Division also aims to enhance access to financial services for individuals who do not speak English or Hindi fluently.
- By providing banking services, such as account opening, loan applications, and customer support, in multiple Indian languages, the partnership aims to remove language barriers and make financial services more accessible to a wider population.

Impact and Benefits
- The partnership between RBI and Digital India Bhashini Division has the potential to significantly improve financial inclusion in India.
- By addressing the language barrier, individuals from diverse linguistic backgrounds will be able to access and utilize financial services more effectively, leading to increased financial literacy and empowerment.
- This initiative will also contribute to the overall digital transformation of the financial services sector in India by making digital services available in multiple languages.

In conclusion, the partnership between RBI and Digital India Bhashini Division is a significant step towards promoting linguistic inclusivity in the financial services sector. By providing financial information and services in multiple Indian languages, this collaboration aims to enhance financial literacy, improve access to financial services, and foster greater financial inclusion in India.

Unnati Hooda emerged victorious in the women's singles title at the Abu Dhabi Masters 2023 badminton tournament. This was a significant win for India in the world of badminton.

The current policy repo rate set by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is 6.50%. This rate has remained unchanged for four consecutive times during recent monetary policy reviews.

India recently signed two MoUs with the Dominican Republic. One MoU focuses on cooperation in ocean sciences, particularly addressing the issue of sargassum seaweed proliferation. The other MoU aims to enhance collaboration in medical product regulation, benefiting both nations' healthcare sectors.

'Bharat Tex 2024,' the world's largest textiles event, is scheduled to take place in New Delhi, Delhi. This event will showcase India's textile industry on a global stage, reflecting India's 5F vision from farm to fiber, factory, and fashion.

The Regiment of Artillery, an operational arm of the Indian Army, annually observes "Gunners Day." This day commemorates the establishment of 5 (Bombay) Mountain Battery, equipped with 2.5-inch Guns.

The goal of the "UNWTO Best Tourism Villages Network" program is to recognize outstanding rural tourism destinations that possess accredited cultural and natural assets. This program highlights the unique attractions of rural areas.

The Indian Space Conclave (ISC 2023) took place in the state of Karnataka from the 9th to the 11th of October 2023. This event was a significant gathering in the field of space technology and research, bringing together experts, scientists, and policymakers from across the country and beyond. Karnataka, known as the "Silicon Valley of India," has emerged as a hub for space technology and research, hosting various space organizations and institutions.

Key Points:
1. Indian Space Conclave (ISC 2023) took place in Karnataka.
2. Karnataka is known as the "Silicon Valley of India."
3. The event brought together experts, scientists, and policymakers in the field of space technology and research.

Karnataka as the Hub of Space Technology:
- Karnataka has established itself as a prominent player in the field of space technology and research in India.
- The state is home to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the premier space agency of India.
- ISRO's headquarters, the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), and the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) are located in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. However, Karnataka has played a crucial role in the development of ISRO's programs.
- The state is also home to the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, located in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, which is the main launch center for ISRO's satellite missions.
- Many other space research and development organizations, including private companies, have established their presence in Karnataka, contributing to the growth of space technology in the state.

Significance of ISC 2023:
- The Indian Space Conclave (ISC) is an important event that aims to discuss and promote advancements in space technology, research, and exploration.
- It provides a platform for scientists, researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals to exchange knowledge, ideas, and experiences in the field of space science.
- ISC 2023 focused on various aspects of space technology, including satellite communication, remote sensing, space exploration, and space applications for societal development.
- The conclave featured keynote addresses, panel discussions, technical sessions, and exhibitions, showcasing the latest innovations and developments in the space sector.

Conclusion:
The Indian Space Conclave (ISC 2023) took place in Karnataka, the state known for its contributions to space technology and research. This event brought together experts and stakeholders in the field, providing a platform to discuss and promote advancements in space science and technology. Karnataka's role as a hub for space research and development further enhanced the significance of ISC 2023 in the state.

HAWK, introduced by the Karnataka Forest Department, aims to manage wildlife crime. It is a cloud-based information management system designed to analyze interconnected databases related to wildlife crime, wildlife criminals, and wildlife mortality.

The first joint naval exercise conducted by India and the European Union (EU) in the Gulf of Guinea aimed to enhance maritime security cooperation in the region. The exercise included various activities to strengthen naval maritime security and support the region's security efforts.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is extending support to India's urban development through Sub-programme 2 of its Sustainable Urban Development and Service Delivery Programme. This program focuses on investment planning, reform actions, and enhancing the quality of urban life in India.

The theme of the International Day of Older Persons 2023 is "Fulfilling the Promises of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights for Older Persons: Across Generations." This theme emphasizes the unique needs and rights of older people and promotes equity and reciprocity between generations.