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Which of the following Articles in the Constitution of India deals with the Delimitation Commission?
  • a)
    Article 84
  • b)
    Article 85
  • c)
    Article 170
  • d)
    Article 324
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Alok Saini answered
The Delimitation Commission in the Constitution of India is dealt with under Article 324.

Under the Indian Constitution, the Delimitation Commission is responsible for the demarcation of boundaries of Lok Sabha and state legislative assembly constituencies. The purpose of delimitation is to ensure fair representation in the legislature by adjusting the boundaries of constituencies based on changes in population and other factors. The Delimitation Commission is constituted by the President of India and operates independently of the government.

Article 324 of the Constitution of India
Article 324 of the Constitution of India deals with the superintendence, direction, and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission. It empowers the Election Commission of India to supervise the entire process of elections, including the delimitation of constituencies.

Key Provisions of Article 324
- Article 324(1) states that the superintendence, direction, and control of the preparation of the electoral rolls for, and the conduct of, all elections to Parliament and state legislatures shall be vested in the Election Commission.
- Article 324(2) empowers the President of India to appoint the Election Commission and determines the tenure and conditions of service of the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners.
- Article 324(3) provides the Election Commission with the power to delegate its functions and powers to other authorities for the conduct of elections, subject to certain conditions.
- Article 324(6) states that the Election Commission shall consist of the Chief Election Commissioner and such number of other Election Commissioners as the President may appoint.

Role of Delimitation Commission
The Delimitation Commission, constituted under Article 324 of the Constitution, is responsible for the following:
1. Determining the boundaries of constituencies: The Commission reviews the existing boundaries of parliamentary and assembly constituencies and adjusts them based on changes in population, geography, and other relevant factors. The aim is to ensure equal representation and avoid malapportionment.
2. Fixing the number of seats: The Commission determines the number of seats to be allocated to each state and union territory based on the population census data.
3. Identifying reserved constituencies: The Commission identifies constituencies reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes as per the provisions of the Constitution.
4. Publishing draft proposals: The Commission publishes draft proposals for delimitation, inviting objections and suggestions from the public.
5. Finalizing delimitation order: After considering objections and suggestions, the Commission prepares and publishes the final delimitation order.

Conclusion
Article 324 of the Constitution of India empowers the Election Commission to supervise and control the entire electoral process, including the delimitation of constituencies. The Delimitation Commission, constituted under Article 324, plays a crucial role in determining the boundaries and number of seats for parliamentary and assembly constituencies. Its objective is to ensure fair representation and equal voting rights for all citizens of India.

How does the Delimitation Commission deal with the allocation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes?
  • a)
    They follow a separate formula for allocating seats to these communities.
  • b)
    They allocate seats based on the percentage of the total population.
  • c)
    They consult the President of India for recommendations.
  • d)
    They allocate seats based on the 2011 census data.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ankita Sarkar answered
The correct answer is option 'A': The Delimitation Commission follows a separate formula for allocating seats to Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in India.

Explanation:
The Delimitation Commission is a constitutional body responsible for redrawing the boundaries of Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assembly constituencies in India. It is established under the Delimitation Act of 2002. The primary objective of the Delimitation Commission is to ensure equitable representation of all sections of society in the democratic process.

When it comes to the allocation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, the Delimitation Commission follows a separate formula that is different from the general allocation of seats. Here's how the commission deals with the allocation:

1. Identification of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes:
- The first step is to identify the areas where SC and ST communities are concentrated.
- The commission refers to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes lists as specified under the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950, and the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950, respectively.

2. Reserved Constituencies:
- The Delimitation Commission identifies constituencies where SC and ST population is significant.
- These constituencies are then reserved for the respective communities.
- The number of reserved seats is determined based on the proportion of SC and ST population in the state or union territory.

3. Allocation of Reserved Seats:
- The commission follows a separate formula for the allocation of reserved seats.
- The exact formula used for allocation may vary from state to state or union territory to union territory.
- The formula takes into account factors like population, geographical area, and other relevant criteria to ensure fair representation of SC and ST communities.

It is important to note that the allocation of reserved seats is not solely based on the percentage of the total population. The commission considers various factors to ensure adequate representation of SC and ST communities in the democratic process. The separate formula used by the Delimitation Commission reflects the commitment of the Indian government to empower and uplift marginalized sections of society.

Which of the following is NOT one of the 7 pillars of effective governance envisaged by NITI Aayog?
  • a)
    Pro-people
  • b)
    Participation
  • c)
    Efficiency
  • d)
    Transparency
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Suyash Saha answered
The NOT one of the 7 pillars of effective governance envisaged by NITI Aayog is Efficiency.

- Pro-people: This pillar emphasizes the need for government policies and programs to be aimed at benefiting the people of the country. It focuses on ensuring that governance is people-centric and addresses the needs and concerns of the citizens.

- Participation: Participation involves engaging citizens in the decision-making process and allowing them to have a say in governance. This pillar highlights the importance of involving the public in policy formulation and implementation to ensure that their voices are heard.

- Transparency: Transparency is crucial for effective governance as it ensures accountability and builds trust between the government and the public. This pillar emphasizes the need for clear and open communication, access to information, and accountability in decision-making processes.

While Efficiency is an important aspect of governance, it is not explicitly listed as one of the 7 pillars envisioned by NITI Aayog. The focus of the 7 pillars is on aspects such as being pro-people, promoting participation, and ensuring transparency in governance processes.

When was the last delimitation exercise conducted in India?
  • a)
    2001
  • b)
    2007
  • c)
    2011
  • d)
    2015
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Ashish Datta answered
The Last Delimitation Exercise in India

The last delimitation exercise in India was conducted in 2007.

What is Delimitation?
Delimitation is the process of redrawing electoral boundaries and constituencies to ensure fair representation in the democratic system. It aims to provide equal political representation to all sections of society based on the population data.

Background
The delimitation exercise in India is carried out by the Delimitation Commission, which is a high-powered body appointed by the President of India. The commission consists of a retired judge of the Supreme Court or the Chief Justice of a High Court as the Chairperson and the Chief Election Commissioner or Election Commissioner as the ex-officio member.

Objective
The main objective of delimitation is to readjust the boundaries of electoral constituencies to ensure that each constituency has approximately the same number of voters. This helps in achieving the principle of "one person, one vote" and prevents any discrimination based on population.

Previous Delimitation Exercises
1. 1952: The first delimitation exercise took place in 1952 after the first general elections in India. It aimed to allocate seats in the Lok Sabha (lower house of Parliament) and State Legislative Assemblies based on the population data of 1951.

2. 1963: The second delimitation exercise was conducted in 1963 after the 1961 Census. It aimed to re-adjust the constituencies based on the population growth and changes in the demographic patterns.

3. 1973: The third delimitation exercise was carried out in 1973 after the 1971 Census. It aimed to further readjust the boundaries to maintain the principle of equal representation.

4. 2002: The fourth delimitation exercise was supposed to be conducted in 2002 after the 2001 Census. However, it was postponed due to the freezing of the number of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies until 2026.

The Last Delimitation Exercise (2007)
The last delimitation exercise in India was conducted in 2007. It was based on the 2001 Census data and aimed to re-adjust the boundaries of Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assembly constituencies. The exercise was carried out to ensure equitable representation based on the changes in population patterns.

Conclusion
Delimitation plays a crucial role in maintaining the democratic principles of equal representation and fair elections. The last delimitation exercise in India was conducted in 2007, and the next one is likely to take place after the 2031 Census to account for changes in population.

What is the primary objective of the Delimitation Commission?
  • a)
    To determine the number of seats in the Lok Sabha.
  • b)
    To decide the President's term of office.
  • c)
    To redraw electoral boundaries based on population changes.
  • d)
    To conduct the state elections.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Jaya Nambiar answered
The primary objective of the Delimitation Commission is to redraw electoral boundaries based on population changes. This process is crucial to ensure fair representation in the democratic system and maintain the principle of "one person, one vote."

The Delimitation Commission is a constitutional body established under the Delimitation Act of 2002. It is responsible for defining the boundaries of parliamentary and assembly constituencies in India. The Commission is appointed by the President of India and consists of a Chief Election Commissioner or an Election Commissioner nominated by the President, and the respective State Election Commissioner(s).

The process of delimitation involves the following steps:

1. Determining the number of seats: The Commission first determines the number of seats in the Lok Sabha (the lower house of Parliament) and the state legislative assemblies. This is done based on the population data from the latest census.

2. Division of territories: The Commission then divides the states and union territories into territorial constituencies. These constituencies should be geographically compact areas and have roughly the same population, with some variation allowed to account for factors like topography and administrative convenience.

3. Reservation of seats: The Commission also determines the allocation of seats to different categories, such as Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). This ensures adequate representation for marginalized communities.

4. Publication of draft proposals: The Commission publishes its draft proposals, including the details of constituencies and reservations, for public feedback and objections.

5. Finalization of proposals: After considering the objections and suggestions received, the Commission finalizes its proposals and submits them to the President, who then issues an order to implement them.

The delimitation process is important because population changes over time can lead to an imbalance in the representation of different regions and communities. By redrawing boundaries based on the latest population data, the Delimitation Commission ensures that every vote carries equal weight and that citizens have equitable access to political representation.

In conclusion, the primary objective of the Delimitation Commission is to redraw electoral boundaries based on population changes. This process is essential for maintaining a fair and democratic electoral system in India.

What is the main purpose of the NHRC of India?
  • a)
    To protect the rights of the LGBTQ community.
  • b)
    To investigate and address violations of human rights.
  • c)
    To enforce labor rights and the right to work.
  • d)
    To promote awareness of the Indian Constitution.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The main purpose of the NHRC of India, as mentioned in the text, is to investigate and address violations of human rights in the country. It serves as a watchdog for human rights related to life, liberty, equality, and dignity, as guaranteed by the Indian Constitution and international covenants.

What is the purpose of the Delimitation Commission in India?
  • a)
    To conduct the census every ten years.
  • b)
    To redraw the boundaries of Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assembly constituencies.
  • c)
    To establish a commission for financial planning.
  • d)
    To review the country's foreign policy.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Jaya Nambiar answered
The Purpose of the Delimitation Commission in India

The Delimitation Commission in India is established to redraw the boundaries of Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assembly constituencies. This process plays a crucial role in ensuring fair representation and equal distribution of political power among the citizens.

Explanation:
The Delimitation Commission is a constitutional body formed by the President of India under Article 82 of the Constitution and the Delimitation Commission Act, 1952. Its primary purpose is to redraw the boundaries of constituencies to reflect changes in population and ensure fair representation in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.

1. Equal Representation:
The Delimitation Commission works towards achieving the principle of "one person, one vote, one value." By redrawing the boundaries of constituencies, it ensures that each constituency has a similar number of voters. This prevents any imbalance in political representation and allows for equal participation of citizens in the democratic process.

2. Population Changes:
As population demographics change over time, some constituencies may become overpopulated while others may experience a decline in population. The Delimitation Commission takes into account the latest census data to identify population shifts and accordingly redistributes the constituencies. This ensures that each vote holds equal weight and avoids any disadvantage to voters due to unequal population distribution.

3. Protecting Minority Interests:
The Delimitation Commission also takes into consideration the interests of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. It aims to provide adequate representation to these marginalized groups by reserving constituencies for them based on their population. This helps in empowering these communities and giving them a voice in the political arena.

4. Reducing Malpractices:
Delimitation of constituencies also helps in reducing malpractices such as gerrymandering, where boundaries are manipulated to favor a particular political party or community. By ensuring fair and impartial redistricting, the Delimitation Commission promotes transparency and upholds the principles of democracy.

Conclusion:
The Delimitation Commission in India serves as a vital institution for maintaining the integrity of the democratic process. Through its work of redrawing constituency boundaries, it ensures fair representation, equal distribution of political power, and protection of minority interests. By upholding the principle of "one person, one vote, one value," the Delimitation Commission plays a crucial role in strengthening the democratic fabric of the country.

The Delimitation Commission is not responsible for delimiting constituencies in which region?
  • a)
    Union Territories
  • b)
    States
  • c)
    Autonomous Regions
  • d)
    Nominated seats in the Parliament
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The Delimitation Commission is a constitutional body responsible for the delimitation (redrawing) of parliamentary and assembly constituencies in India. It is an independent body that is constituted by the President of India and consists of a Chief Election Commissioner, or an Election Commissioner nominated by the Chief Election Commissioner, and the State Election Commissioner of the concerned state.

The delimitation process is carried out to ensure fair representation of the people through equal distribution of constituencies based on population. It aims to maintain a balance between the number of voters in each constituency and to prevent malapportionment, which is the uneven distribution of voters among constituencies.

The Delimitation Commission is responsible for delimiting constituencies in states, autonomous regions, and nominated seats in the Parliament. However, it does not have the authority to delimit constituencies in Union Territories.

Union Territories in India are directly governed by the President through the Lieutenant Governor or Administrator appointed by the President. Unlike states, Union Territories do not have their own Legislative Assemblies and are represented in the Parliament by Members of Parliament (MPs) who are elected directly. The number of MPs representing Union Territories is determined by the President.

Since Union Territories do not have their own Legislative Assemblies, there is no need for delimitation of constituencies in these regions. The number of MPs representing Union Territories is fixed and does not change based on population. Therefore, the Delimitation Commission does not have the responsibility to delimit constituencies in Union Territories.

Overall, the Delimitation Commission plays a crucial role in ensuring fair representation of the people in parliamentary and assembly constituencies. However, its responsibility does not extend to delimiting constituencies in Union Territories.

What are the two hubs created within NITI Aayog for specific purposes?
  • a)
    Team India Hub and Innovation Hub
  • b)
    Policy Hub and Research Hub
  • c)
    Strategy Hub and Implementation Hub
  • d)
    Knowledge Hub and Development Hub
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Aarya Mehta answered
Team India Hub:
The Team India Hub is one of the two hubs created within NITI Aayog for specific purposes. It was established with the aim of promoting cooperative and competitive federalism by fostering a spirit of collaboration and partnership between the central government and the states.

Objectives:
The main objectives of the Team India Hub are as follows:
1. Strengthening the coordination and convergence between the central and state governments.
2. Facilitating effective implementation of government schemes and programs at the grassroots level.
3. Promoting innovative practices and knowledge sharing among states.
4. Providing a platform for states to share their experiences, challenges, and best practices.

Functions:
The Team India Hub carries out various functions to achieve its objectives:
1. Coordinating and monitoring the implementation of centrally sponsored schemes and flagship programs.
2. Facilitating regular interactions and consultations between the central and state governments to resolve issues and challenges.
3. Organizing workshops, seminars, and conferences to promote knowledge sharing and capacity building among states.
4. Collecting and disseminating information on best practices and success stories from different states.
5. Providing technical support and guidance to states for effective implementation of government initiatives.
6. Conducting research and analysis to identify areas of improvement and innovation in governance.

Innovation Hub:
The Innovation Hub is the second hub created within NITI Aayog for specific purposes. It focuses on promoting innovation and entrepreneurship in various sectors of the economy. The hub aims to foster a culture of innovation, creativity, and risk-taking among individuals and organizations.

Objectives:
The main objectives of the Innovation Hub are as follows:
1. Encouraging and supporting innovative ideas and startups.
2. Promoting entrepreneurship and job creation.
3. Facilitating the adoption of new technologies and innovative solutions in different sectors.
4. Creating an ecosystem for research and development activities.
5. Attracting investments in innovation-driven industries.

Functions:
The Innovation Hub performs the following functions:
1. Identifying and promoting innovative ideas, products, and services through various platforms and programs.
2. Providing financial and non-financial support to startups and entrepreneurs.
3. Facilitating access to mentorship, incubation, and acceleration programs.
4. Collaborating with academic institutions, research organizations, and industry associations to foster innovation.
5. Organizing innovation challenges, hackathons, and other events to encourage participation and collaboration.
6. Creating awareness about intellectual property rights and supporting the commercialization of innovative products and technologies.

Overall, the Team India Hub and Innovation Hub within NITI Aayog play crucial roles in promoting collaboration, innovation, and development in the country.

Which issue related to human rights is NOT mentioned in the text as a concern addressed by NHRC?
  • a)
    Child labor
  • b)
    Environmental rights
  • c)
    Excessive powers
  • d)
    Extrajudicial killings
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Ias Masters answered
The text mentions various human rights issues addressed by NHRC, including child labor, excessive powers, and extrajudicial killings. However, environmental rights are not explicitly mentioned as a concern addressed by NHRC.

Who can be appointed as a member of a State Human Rights Commission (SHRC)?
  • a)
    Any person with a minimum of seven years of experience as a District Judge.
  • b)
    A retired Chief Justice or Judge of a High Court.
  • c)
    A person with no prior judicial experience.
  • d)
    A retired government official.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

T.S Academy answered
Members of a State Human Rights Commission (SHRC) should have a minimum of seven years of experience as a District Judge or be a retired Chief Justice or Judge of a High Court. This ensures that they have relevant judicial experience.

Which of the following is NOT one of the objectives of NITI Aayog?
  • a)
    Promoting cooperative federalism
  • b)
    Providing equal opportunity for youth
  • c)
    Focusing on technology improvement
  • d)
    Enhancing national security interests
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Lakshya Ias answered
While NITI Aayog has multiple objectives, focusing on technology improvement is not explicitly mentioned in the provided text. The objectives include promoting cooperative federalism, providing equal opportunity, enhancing national security interests, and more.

Who appoints the Chairperson and members of a State Human Rights Commission (SHRC)?
  • a)
    The Chief Minister of the state.
  • b)
    The President of India.
  • c)
    The Governor of the state.
  • d)
    The Prime Minister of India.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

K.L Institute answered
The Chairperson and members of a State Human Rights Commission (SHRC) are appointed by the Governor of the state on the recommendations of a committee, which includes the Chief Minister as its head.

According to the text, what term did a CAG report use to describe the 2015 Chennai Floods?
  • a)
    Natural disaster.
  • b)
    Man-made disaster.
  • c)
    Catastrophe.
  • d)
    Extreme weather event.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Lohit Matani answered
According to a CAG report, the 2015 Chennai Floods were termed a "man-made disaster," and the Tamil Nadu government was held responsible for the catastrophe.

What should be the focus of operational guidelines to enhance disaster management in India, according to the text?
  • a)
    Building disaster-resilient infrastructure through research and investment.
  • b)
    Increasing financial support to state governments.
  • c)
    Conducting more mock exercises.
  • d)
    Providing relief measures to disaster-affected countries.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Operational guidelines should focus on building disaster-resilient infrastructure through proper investment in research. Collaborative efforts by institutions like ISRO, NRSA, IMD, and others are needed to enhance capabilities to tackle disasters effectively. This includes investing in research and technological solutions for disaster management.

What is the primary responsibility of the Terror Funding and Fake Currency Cell (TFFC) within the NIA?
  • a)
    Investigating cyber-terrorism cases.
  • b)
    Maintaining a database of terror financing and fake currency cases.
  • c)
    Dealing with left-wing extremism.
  • d)
    Conducting investigations related to human trafficking.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Ias Masters answered
The primary responsibility of the Terror Funding and Fake Currency Cell (TFFC) within the NIA is to maintain a database of terror financing and fake currency cases. It also conducts investigations into the financing aspects of regular cases investigated by the NIA.

Which of the following is NOT a jurisdiction of Special Courts established under the NIA Act?
  • a)
    Conducting trials for scheduled offenses.
  • b)
    Referring questions about jurisdiction to the Supreme Court.
  • c)
    Transferring cases to other Special Courts within the state.
  • d)
    Appointing judges to preside over the Special Courts.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Special Courts established under the NIA Act have the jurisdiction to conduct trials for scheduled offenses, but they do not have the authority to refer questions about jurisdiction to the Supreme Court. Jurisdiction questions are referred to the Central Government.

What is the primary purpose of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in India?
  • a)
    Coordinating response to natural disasters only.
  • b)
    Coordinating response to man-made disasters only.
  • c)
    Coordinating response to both natural and man-made disasters, and capacity-building in disaster resiliency.
  • d)
    Providing financial support to other countries affected by major disasters.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev UPSC answered
The NDMA in India has a primary purpose of coordinating responses to both natural and man-made disasters, in addition to capacity-building in disaster resiliency and crisis response. It is responsible for laying down policies, plans, and guidelines for disaster management, ensuring timely and effective responses to disasters.

What is the primary focus of the National Investigation Agency (NIA) as per its mandate?
  • a)
    Investigating all criminal offenses in India.
  • b)
    Combatting terrorism and related crimes.
  • c)
    Enforcing international treaties.
  • d)
    Protecting the sovereignty of foreign nations.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Lakshya Ias answered
The primary focus of the National Investigation Agency (NIA) as per its mandate is to combat terrorism and related crimes in India. It was established to investigate and prosecute offenses affecting the security and sovereignty of India.

What is the primary objective of the National Investigation Agency (NIA)?
  • a)
    To investigate and prosecute all criminal offenses in India.
  • b)
    To combat terrorism and related crimes.
  • c)
    To protect the sovereignty of foreign nations.
  • d)
    To enforce international treaties.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Ias Masters answered
The primary objective of the National Investigation Agency (NIA) is to combat terrorism and related crimes in India. The NIA was established to investigate and prosecute offenses affecting the sovereignty, security, and integrity of India, as well as offenses against atomic and nuclear facilities, smuggling of high-quality counterfeit Indian currency, and more. It serves as the central agency for counter-terrorism law enforcement in India.

Which government body has the authority to transfer a case pending before a Special Court to another Special Court within the same state or to another state?
  • a)
    The Central Government.
  • b)
    The President of India.
  • c)
    The Supreme Court.
  • d)
    The High Court.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Lakshya Ias answered
The High Court has the authority to transfer a case pending before a Special Court in a state to another Special Court within that state. This transfer is done to ensure a peaceful, fair, impartial, and speedy trial.

What is the primary function of a State Human Rights Commission (SHRC)?
  • a)
    Enforcing criminal laws within the state.
  • b)
    Promoting human rights awareness through publications.
  • c)
    Punishing violators of human rights.
  • d)
    Conducting research on human rights.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Upsc Toppers answered
The primary function of a State Human Rights Commission (SHRC) is to promote human rights awareness among various sections of society through publications, seminars, and other means. While it can inquire into human rights violations, it does not have the power to enforce criminal laws or punish violators of human rights.

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