All questions of National Insignia of India for CDS Exam

Understanding the National Song of India
The National Song of India is "Vande Mataram," which is a significant piece in Indian history and culture.

Original Language
- The song was originally composed in Sanskrit.
- It was penned by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in the late 19th century and later set to music by Rabindranath Tagore.

Historical Context
- "Vande Mataram" was first introduced in Chatterjee's novel “Anandamath”, published in 1882.
- The song became a rallying cry during India’s struggle for independence from British rule.

Significance of Sanskrit
- Sanskrit is considered one of the oldest languages in the world and holds a profound cultural and spiritual significance in India.
- The use of Sanskrit in "Vande Mataram" emphasizes the rich heritage and unity of the nation.

Recognition
- The Indian government officially adopted "Vande Mataram" as the National Song in 1950.
- It is celebrated not only for its patriotic sentiments but also for its literary beauty.

Conclusion
- The choice of Sanskrit for the National Song reflects Indian culture's deep-rooted traditions and historical significance, marking it as a symbol of national pride and unity.

The Mango (Mangifera indica) is the National Fruit of India. Revered for its sweet flavor, the mango has been cultivated in India for thousands of years and holds a significant place in Indian culture, being referred to as the "King of Fruits."

National Emblem of India
The National Emblem of India is indeed an adaptation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka, which holds significant historical and cultural importance.
Historical Background
- The Lion Capital is a sculpture that was originally erected by Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE at Sarnath.
- It symbolizes the achievements of Ashoka and his commitment to the principles of Dharma (righteousness).
Design Elements
- The emblem features four Asiatic lions standing back to back, symbolizing power, courage, pride, and confidence.
- Beneath the lions is a circular abacus adorned with reliefs of a horse, a bull, an elephant, and a lion, which represent different aspects of life and strength.
Symbolism
- The Lion Capital represents the sovereignty of the nation and the values of justice and moral authority.
- The motto "Satyameva Jayate," meaning "Truth Alone Triumphs," is inscribed below the emblem, emphasizing the importance of truth in governance and society.
Usage
- The National Emblem is used by the government of India on official documents, currency, and buildings.
- It serves as a reminder of India's rich heritage and the enduring principles of justice and truth.
In conclusion, the National Emblem of India, adapted from the Lion Capital of Ashoka, encapsulates the essence of India's historical legacy and cultural identity, making it a powerful national symbol.

The color at the top of the Indian National Flag is deep saffron (Kesari), which represents courage and sacrifice. The tricolor flag, with white in the middle and green at the bottom, also includes a blue Ashoka Chakra in the center.

Field Hockey is often considered the National Sport of India, despite the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports clarifying that no sport has been officially designated as such. India has an impressive record in hockey, having won eight Olympic gold medals in the sport.

The Peacock (Pavo cristatus), the National Bird of India, symbolizes beauty and grace. Known for its vibrant and colorful plumage, the peacock is deeply associated with Indian culture and is often depicted in art, mythology, and folklore.

The Tiger, specifically the Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris), is the National Animal of India. It symbolizes the country's wealth of wildlife and is known for its strength, grace, and power. India is home to the largest population of wild tigers in the world.

The Indian National Anthem, "Jana Gana Mana," was composed by Rabindranath Tagore. Originally written in Bengali, it was later adopted in its Hindi version as the National Anthem of India. The song reflects the unity and diversity of the nation.

The Banyan tree (Ficus bengalensis) is the National Tree of India. It is a symbol of longevity and has a widespread root system that makes it a significant part of India's landscape and culture.

The National Calendar of India, based on the Saka Era with Chaitra as the first month, was adopted on 22nd March 1957. It is used alongside the Gregorian calendar for official purposes in India.