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All questions of Structure of Arguments for UGC NET Exam
In immediate inference through implication, what is maintained when drawing conclusions?- a) The subject changes.
- b) The predicate changes.
- c) The subject and predicate interchange.
- d) The subject remains the subject and the predicate remains the predicate.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
In immediate inference through implication, what is maintained when drawing conclusions?
a)
The subject changes.
b)
The predicate changes.
c)
The subject and predicate interchange.
d)
The subject remains the subject and the predicate remains the predicate.
|
Academia Elite answered |
In immediate inference through implication, the subject remains the subject and the predicate remains the predicate when drawing conclusions. This method involves maintaining the core subjects and predicates to derive logical inferences.
Which type of categorical proposition affirms the overlap of classes for the entire subject class?- a) Universal Affirmative
- b) Universal Negative
- c) Particular Affirmative
- d) Particular Negative
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which type of categorical proposition affirms the overlap of classes for the entire subject class?
a)
Universal Affirmative
b)
Universal Negative
c)
Particular Affirmative
d)
Particular Negative
|
Pranav Bhatnagar answered |
Universal Affirmative
Universal affirmative categorical propositions affirm the overlap of classes for the entire subject class. This means that the proposition asserts that all members of one class are included in another class.
Explanation:
- In a universal affirmative proposition, the subject class is distributed, meaning that it refers to all members of the subject class.
- The proposition affirms that the entire subject class is included in the predicate class.
- For example, the proposition "All dogs are mammals" is a universal affirmative proposition because it affirms that every member of the subject class (dogs) is also a member of the predicate class (mammals).
Significance:
- Universal affirmative propositions play a crucial role in categorical syllogisms and logical reasoning.
- They help establish relationships between different classes and aid in drawing valid conclusions based on these relationships.
In conclusion, universal affirmative propositions are essential in logic as they affirm the overlap of classes for the entire subject class, providing a foundation for logical reasoning and deduction.
Universal affirmative categorical propositions affirm the overlap of classes for the entire subject class. This means that the proposition asserts that all members of one class are included in another class.
Explanation:
- In a universal affirmative proposition, the subject class is distributed, meaning that it refers to all members of the subject class.
- The proposition affirms that the entire subject class is included in the predicate class.
- For example, the proposition "All dogs are mammals" is a universal affirmative proposition because it affirms that every member of the subject class (dogs) is also a member of the predicate class (mammals).
Significance:
- Universal affirmative propositions play a crucial role in categorical syllogisms and logical reasoning.
- They help establish relationships between different classes and aid in drawing valid conclusions based on these relationships.
In conclusion, universal affirmative propositions are essential in logic as they affirm the overlap of classes for the entire subject class, providing a foundation for logical reasoning and deduction.
What type of categorical proposition denies the overlap between the subject class and the predicate class, considering the entire class?- a) Particular Affirmative
- b) Universal Negative
- c) Particular Negative
- d) Contrary
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What type of categorical proposition denies the overlap between the subject class and the predicate class, considering the entire class?
a)
Particular Affirmative
b)
Universal Negative
c)
Particular Negative
d)
Contrary
|
|
Academia Elite answered |
A Universal Negative proposition, denoted by E, denies the overlap between the subject class and the predicate class, considering the entire class. An example of a Universal Negative proposition is "No cats are dogs". This type of proposition asserts that no member of the subject class is part of the predicate class. It is crucial to understand the distinctions between the different types of categorical propositions to grasp the structure of arguments effectively.
In a syllogism, what term appears as a predicate in premise 1 and in the conclusion, while the middle term appears as a subject in premise 1 and as a predicate in premise 2?- a) Major term
- b) Minor term
- c) Middle term
- d) Conclusion term
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
In a syllogism, what term appears as a predicate in premise 1 and in the conclusion, while the middle term appears as a subject in premise 1 and as a predicate in premise 2?
a)
Major term
b)
Minor term
c)
Middle term
d)
Conclusion term
|
|
Academia Elite answered |
The major term in a syllogism appears as a predicate in premise 1 and in the conclusion. On the other hand, the middle term appears as a subject in premise 1 and as a predicate in premise 2. Understanding the roles of major, minor, and middle terms in a syllogism is crucial for effectively analyzing and constructing logical arguments.
What defines the structure of a logical argument?- a) A set of conclusions drawn from premises
- b) A set of premises leading to a conclusion
- c) A set of hypotheses supporting an outcome
- d) A set of contradictory statements
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What defines the structure of a logical argument?
a)
A set of conclusions drawn from premises
b)
A set of premises leading to a conclusion
c)
A set of hypotheses supporting an outcome
d)
A set of contradictory statements
|
|
Academia Elite answered |
The structure of a logical argument is defined by a set of premises that lead to a conclusion. Premises are statements that provide the foundation for the conclusion, and the conclusion is drawn based on the reasoning from these premises. This structure forms the basis of a logical argument, where the conclusion is supported by the premises provided.
What kind of relationship in the square of opposition exists between propositions that vary in both quality and quantity, ensuring that if one is true, the other must be false?
- a)Contradictory
- b)Subalterns
- c)Contraries
- d)Sub-Contrary
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What kind of relationship in the square of opposition exists between propositions that vary in both quality and quantity, ensuring that if one is true, the other must be false?
a)
Contradictory
b)
Subalterns
c)
Contraries
d)
Sub-Contrary
|
|
Academia Elite answered |
The relationship termed Contradictory in the square of opposition involves propositions that differ in quality and quantity. In this relationship, if one proposition is true, the other is false. For instance, the propositions "All dogs are mammals" (A) and "Some dogs are not mammals" (O) are considered contradictory. Understanding these logical relationships aids in analyzing and evaluating the validity of arguments.
Which type of argument guarantees the truth of the conclusion based on the truth of the premises?- a) Inductive Argument
- b) Abductive Argument
- c) Deductive Argument
- d) Hypothetical Argument
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which type of argument guarantees the truth of the conclusion based on the truth of the premises?
a)
Inductive Argument
b)
Abductive Argument
c)
Deductive Argument
d)
Hypothetical Argument
|
|
Academia Elite answered |
In a deductive argument, the truth of the conclusion is guaranteed by the truth of the premises. This means that if the premises are true, the conclusion logically follows and must also be true. Deductive reasoning is characterized by this strong connection between premises and conclusions, ensuring the validity of the argument.
What is the purpose of understanding logical fallacies in constructing arguments?- a) To make arguments more complex.
- b) To undermine the credibility of an argument.
- c) To confuse the audience.
- d) To make the argument more appealing.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the purpose of understanding logical fallacies in constructing arguments?
a)
To make arguments more complex.
b)
To undermine the credibility of an argument.
c)
To confuse the audience.
d)
To make the argument more appealing.
|
|
Academia Elite answered |
Understanding logical fallacies is crucial in constructing arguments to avoid undermining the credibility of the argument. Fallacies can weaken the logical foundation of an argument, making it less persuasive and reliable.
What characterizes an argument as sound?- a) It must be valid and have true premises.
- b) It must be popularly accepted.
- c) It must be emotionally compelling.
- d) It must be complex and nuanced.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What characterizes an argument as sound?
a)
It must be valid and have true premises.
b)
It must be popularly accepted.
c)
It must be emotionally compelling.
d)
It must be complex and nuanced.
|
|
Academia Elite answered |
An argument is considered sound when it is not only valid in structure but also based on true premises. This means that the argument's logical form is correct, and the information it starts with is accurate, making the conclusion necessarily true if the premises are true.
What term refers to a verb that links the subject and predicate in a categorical proposition?- a) Quantifier
- b) Copula
- c) Predicate Term
- d) Subject Term
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What term refers to a verb that links the subject and predicate in a categorical proposition?
a)
Quantifier
b)
Copula
c)
Predicate Term
d)
Subject Term
|
|
Academia Elite answered |
The copula in a categorical proposition is the verb that links the subject and predicate terms together. It serves as the connecting element between the subject (the first class or category) and the predicate (the second class or category) in a categorical statement, helping to establish the relationship between them.
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