All questions of Unit 6 - Legal Services for Humanities/Arts Exam

First Chairman of the Planning Commission:
The first Chairman of the Planning Commission of India was Jawaharlal Nehru. He held this position from 1950 to 1964.

Role of the Planning Commission:
- The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to formulate India's Five-Year Plans and to assess the country's resources and needs.
- It played a crucial role in the economic development of India by formulating policies and strategies for growth and development.

Contribution of Jawaharlal Nehru:
- As the first Chairman of the Planning Commission, Jawaharlal Nehru played a key role in shaping India's economic policies.
- He emphasized the importance of industrialization, infrastructure development, and social welfare in the country's planning process.
- Nehru's vision for a modern, self-sufficient India guided the Planning Commission's efforts to promote economic growth and social justice.

Legacy of Jawaharlal Nehru:
- Jawaharlal Nehru's leadership of the Planning Commission laid the foundation for India's economic development and growth in the decades to come.
- His emphasis on long-term planning and sustainable development continues to influence India's economic policies and strategies.
In conclusion, Jawaharlal Nehru's tenure as the first Chairman of the Planning Commission was instrumental in shaping India's economic planning and development. His vision and leadership laid the groundwork for the country's progress in the post-independence era.

Sarkaria Commission's Recommendation on Activation of Zonal Councils
Zonal councils were established under the States Reorganization Act of 1956 to promote cooperation and coordination among states. The Sarkaria Commission, set up in 1983 to examine the center-state relations in India, made several recommendations to strengthen these zonal councils.

Importance of Activation of Zonal Councils
The Sarkaria Commission emphasized the importance of activating zonal councils to address issues related to center-state relations effectively. By enhancing the role of zonal councils, the commission aimed to promote greater cooperation and coordination among states, which is crucial for the overall development of the country.

Enhancing Inter-State Communication and Cooperation
One of the key recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission was to activate zonal councils by encouraging regular meetings and interactions among member states. This would help facilitate better communication and cooperation on various issues, leading to more efficient decision-making and problem-solving.

Strengthening Regional Development
The commission believed that activating zonal councils would contribute to the balanced and inclusive development of different regions in the country. By promoting collaboration among states within a particular zone, zonal councils could help address regional disparities and ensure that development initiatives are more evenly distributed.

Effective Resolution of Interstate Disputes
Another important aspect of activating zonal councils is their role in resolving interstate disputes. By providing a platform for states to discuss and resolve contentious issues, zonal councils can help prevent conflicts and promote peaceful coexistence among neighboring states.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the Sarkaria Commission's recommendation on the activation of zonal councils underscores the importance of strengthening inter-state cooperation and coordination. By implementing these recommendations, India can foster greater unity and progress by leveraging the collective strengths and resources of different states within each zone.

The Chairman of the National Development Council is the Prime Minister of the country. The National Development Council (NDC) is a body that was set up to facilitate and coordinate the development initiatives and policies of the government.

Role of the Chairman of the National Development Council:
The Chairman of the NDC plays a crucial role in steering the country's development agenda and ensuring that policies are implemented effectively. Some of the key responsibilities of the Chairman include:
- Leading meetings and discussions on development plans and policies
- Providing guidance and direction to various ministries and departments
- Overseeing the implementation of development projects
- Monitoring progress and evaluating the impact of policies on the country's development

Significance of the Prime Minister as the Chairman:
The Prime Minister is usually appointed as the Chairman of the NDC due to the significance of the position. As the head of government, the Prime Minister is well-positioned to lead and coordinate the country's development efforts. The Prime Minister's leadership is crucial in shaping the country's development priorities and ensuring that resources are allocated efficiently.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the Chairman of the National Development Council is a key figure in driving the country's development agenda. The Prime Minister's role as the Chairman is significant in ensuring that policies are implemented effectively and that the country progresses towards its development goals.

Finance Commission
The first Chairman of the Finance Commission was K.C. Neogy. He served as the Chairman from 1951 to 1952. The Finance Commission is a constitutional body in India that is responsible for recommending the distribution of financial resources between the central government and the state governments.

Role of the Finance Commission
The Finance Commission plays a crucial role in determining the financial relations between the central government and the state governments. It recommends the principles that should govern the distribution of tax revenues between the two levels of government. The Commission also suggests measures to augment the resources of the states to improve their financial position.

K.C. Neogy
K.C. Neogy was an Indian civil servant who had a distinguished career in the Indian Administrative Service. He served as the first Chairman of the Finance Commission and played a key role in shaping the financial relations between the central government and the state governments in the early years of independent India.

Significance of K.C. Neogy's appointment
K.C. Neogy's appointment as the first Chairman of the Finance Commission was significant as it laid the foundation for the functioning of this important constitutional body. His recommendations and decisions set the tone for future Finance Commissions and had a lasting impact on the fiscal federalism in India.
In conclusion, K.C. Neogy's tenure as the first Chairman of the Finance Commission was instrumental in shaping the financial relations between the central government and the state governments in India. His leadership and contributions have had a lasting impact on the country's fiscal federalism.

The Election Commission of India is an independent constitutional authority responsible for overseeing the conduct of elections in the country. It plays a crucial role in ensuring free and fair elections, maintaining the integrity of the electoral process, and upholding democratic principles.

The Election Commission of India consists of three members, including the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and two Election Commissioners. Together, they form the decision-making body of the Election Commission.

1. Chief Election Commissioner (CEC):
The Chief Election Commissioner is the head of the Election Commission of India. This position holds immense responsibility and power to ensure the smooth conduct of elections. The CEC is appointed by the President of India and serves a tenure of six years or until the age of 65, whichever comes first. The CEC is responsible for leading and supervising the electoral process.

2. Election Commissioners:
Apart from the Chief Election Commissioner, the Election Commission of India also consists of two Election Commissioners. They are also appointed by the President of India and serve the commission for a similar tenure as the CEC. The Election Commissioners assist the Chief Election Commissioner in various tasks related to the conduct of elections.

3. Roles and Responsibilities:
The Election Commission of India, with its three members, is responsible for various important tasks, including:
- Conducting free, fair, and impartial elections
- Preparing and updating the electoral rolls
- Registering political parties and allotting election symbols
- Monitoring election campaigns and ensuring a level playing field
- Implementing the Model Code of Conduct
- Overseeing the deployment of security forces during elections
- Resolving election-related disputes and complaints
- Conducting bye-elections and re-polling if necessary

The three members of the Election Commission of India work collectively to maintain the integrity and transparency of the electoral process. Their decisions are made by consensus, and they strive to ensure that elections in India are conducted in a fair and efficient manner.

In conclusion, the Election Commission of India comprises three members, including the Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners. Together, they form the core body responsible for overseeing the conduct of elections in the country.