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The valence of sodium with atomic number 11 is:
  • a)
    4
  • b)
    1
  • c)
    3
  • d)
    2
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rohan Singh answered
For Sodium Na - 2,8,1 and chlorine Cl-2,8,7. Both Na and Cl require 1 electron either to loose or to gain ,so they can attain stable configuration. Therefore Na has +1 and Cl -1 valency. Valence electrons are the outermost electrons, and are the ones involved in bonding.

Lothar Meyer proposed that on arranging the elements in order of increasing atomic weights; similarities appear in which type of properties?
  • a)
    Only physical properties
  • b)
    Only chemical properties
  • c)
    In both physical and chemical properties
  • d)
    thermodynamic properties
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anoushka Yadav answered
Lothar Meyer proposed the periodic table in 1864. He arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic weights. He noticed that similarities appeared in both physical and chemical properties of the elements. The correct answer is option 'C' which means similarities appear in both physical and chemical properties.

Explanation:
The periodic table arranges the elements in a way that helps in understanding their properties. The modern periodic table is based on the electronic configuration of the elements. But the original periodic table was based on the atomic weight of the elements. Lothar Meyer was the first to realize that there is a periodicity in the properties of the elements when they are arranged in order of increasing atomic weights.

Physical properties are those that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical composition of the substance. Some examples of physical properties are:

- Melting point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Electrical conductivity
- Thermal conductivity
- Atomic radius
- Ionic radius
- Electronegativity

Chemical properties are those that can be observed during a chemical reaction. Some examples of chemical properties are:

- Reactivity with acids
- Reactivity with oxygen
- Reactivity with water
- Reduction potential
- Oxidation potential

Meyer observed that when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weights, there is a periodicity in their physical and chemical properties. This means that elements with similar atomic weights have similar physical and chemical properties. For example, lithium, sodium, and potassium have similar physical and chemical properties because they all belong to the same group and have similar atomic weights.

Conclusion:
Lothar Meyer proposed the periodic table in 1864. He arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic weights. He noticed that similarities appeared in both physical and chemical properties of the elements. When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weights, there is a periodicity in their physical and chemical properties.

In Na2O oxidation state of oxygen is:​
  • a)
    +2
  • b)
    -1
  • c)
    0
  • d)
    +1
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Shah answered
In Na2O oxidation state of Na is +1.
It gains 2 electrons so, the oxidation state is +1 which is equal to one oxygen atom (2 electrons)

Horizontal rows in the periodic table are called:
  • a)
    Cell
  • b)
    Table
  • c)
    Groups
  • d)
    Periods
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Rohan Singh answered
The Periodic Table: Families and Periods. In the periodic table of elements, there are seven horizontal rows of elements called periods. The vertical columns of elements are called groups, or families.

Sodium forms which types of oxides?
  • a)
    Acidic
  • b)
    Basic
  • c)
    Neutral
  • d)
    Amphoteric
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Mehta answered
Basic oxides are always oxides of metals. They combine with water to form bases which are usually called metal hydroxides. Na2O, MgO, CaO, FeO and CuO are examples of basic oxides. Acidic oxides are mostly oxides of non-metals, and they dissolve in water to form acids.

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

In the modern periodic table, which period contains 32 elements?

  • A:

    Sixth

  • B:

    First

  • C:

    Seventh

  • D:

    Second

The answer is a.

Preeti Iyer answered
The answer is c.
The total number of electrons that can be accommodated in seventh period are 2 ( in 7s) + 14(in 5f) + 10(in 6d )+ 6(in 7p) = 32. The maximum number of elements present in it is 32.

An element with atomic number will form a basic oxide________        
  • a)
    7        
  • b)
    17        
  • c)
    14        
  • d)
    11
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev NEET answered
Sodium forms a basic oxide because it is a metal. Metals generally form basic oxides because they tend to donate electrons to oxygen atoms. In the case of sodium, when it reacts with oxygen, it forms sodium oxide, in which each sodium atom donates one electron to oxygen. This results in the formation of sodium ions (Na+) and oxide ions (O2-), which can combine to form the ionic compound sodium oxide. Sodium oxide is basic because it can react with water to form a solution of sodium hydroxide, a strong base.
 

Which block of the periodic table contains the man made elements?
  • a)
    p block
  • b)
    s block
  • c)
    f block
  • d)
    d block
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Raghav Bansal answered
Most of the f block elements, lanthanoids and actinoids are man made/synthetic/prepared in the lab. Especially actinoids.

Where would you find the smallest atoms of elements in the periodic table?
  • a)
    top and right hand side
  • b)
    top and left hand side 
  • c)
    bottom and left hand side
  • d)
    bottom and right hand side
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The smallest atom is the one with the smallest number of protons. This is hydrogen, located in the top left side of the periodic table. Hydrogen is particularly small because the most common isotope doesn't have a neutron, plus it readily loses its electron.

Eka silicon predicted by Mendeleev is which element:
  • a)
    Germanium
  • b)
    Aluminium
  • c)
    Gallium
  • d)
    Sodium
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Suresh Iyer answered
Mendeleev predicted the existence of 'eka-silicon', which would fit into a gap next to silicon. The element germanium was discovered later. Its properties were found to be similar to the predicted ones and confirmed Mendeleev's periodic table.

Which of the following is the most non-metallic element?
  • a)
    F
  • b)
    Si
  • c)
    N
  • d)
    B
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Nandini Patel answered
The non-metallic character increases as we go from left to right across the periodic table. Hence, fluorine (F) is most non-metallic. Further F has maximum tendency to accept an electron characteristic of non-metal.

Na+ is smaller than Na atom because:
  • a)
    The effective nuclear charge is greater in case of sodium ion.
  • b)
    Nucleus in each case contains different nucleons.
  • c)
    Na+ is more stable than in Na atom.
  • d)
    Sodium atom has one electron lesser than sodium ion.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Shah answered
According to the electronic configuration of sodium(Na),it has 1 valence electron(2,8,1).So it loses one electron to form a cation and becomes sodium cation (Na+).As it loses one electron ,the outermost shell has 0 electrons (i.e it gets eliminated ) and Na+ has only 2 shells. Hence, it lost one of its shell, the sodium ion is smaller than the sodium atom.

Which of the following pairs have both the members from the same group of periodic table?
  • a)
    Mg, Cl
  • b)
    Mg, Cu
  • c)
    Mg, Be
  • d)
    Mg, Na
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Neha Joshi answered
The elements in the group include beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra).

What is the relationship between the number of elements in each period and the number of atomic orbitals available in the energy level that is being filled?
  • a)
    Number of elements is twice the number of atomic orbitals.
  • b)
    Number of elements is three times the number of atomic orbitals.
  • c)
    Number of elements is half the number of atomic orbitals.
  • d)
    Number of elements is same as the number of atomic orbitals.
Correct answer is 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Krishna Iyer answered
The number of elements in each period is twice the number of atomic orbitals available in the energy level that is being filled.
Let's understand it by taking the elements of the 4th period.
In the fourth period, there are 18 elements. The types of subshells used in the 4th period are s, p, and d.
Number of orbitals of s subshell = 1
Number of orbitals of p subshell = 3
Number of orbitals of d subshell = 5
Total number of orbitals = 9
The total number of elements is 18 i.e. twice the total number of orbitals.

Johann Dobereiner classified elements in group of three elements called as
  • a)
    Trinity
  • b)
    Trials
  • c)
    Triads
  • d)
    Diads
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Om Desai answered
In 1829, Johann Dobereiner, a German scientist made some groups of three elements each and called them triads.
He observed that the atomic mass of the middle element of a triad was nearly equal to the arithmetic mean of the atomic masses of the other two elements. All three elements of a triad were similar in their properties.

The electronegativity of following elements increases in the order of?
  • a)
    Si, P, C, N
  • b)
    P, Si, N, C
  • c)
    C, N, Si, P
  • d)
    N, Si, C, P
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
Si,P,C,N
Electronegativity increases along a period and decreases down the group.Nitrogen is expected to have maximum electronegativity.

According to Dobereiner’s law of triads the number of elements present in each group is:
  • a)
    2
  • b)
    4
  • c)
    5
  • d)
    3
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Shah answered
  • According to Dobereiner's law of triads each triad contains three elements.
  • He also noticed that the middle element of each of the triads had an atomic weight about halfway between the atomic weights of the other two.

Eka aluminium predicted by Mendeleev is which element?
  • a)
    Germanium
  • b)
    Magnesium
  • c)
    Gallium
  • d)
    Sodium
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
Eka aluminium predicted by Mendeleev is Gallium. Eka-aluminium and gallium are the two names of the same element as Eka -Aluminum has almost exactly the same properties as the actual properties of the gallium element. 

Which of the following is an ionic hydride?
  • a)
    PH3
  • b)
    H2S
  • c)
    HI
  • d)
    KH
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Mohit Rajpoot answered
Ionic hydrides are commonly known as saline hydrides or pseudohalides. These compounds form between hydrogen and the most active metals, especially with the alkali and alkaline-earth metals of group one and two elements.
 
In this group, the hydrogen acts as the hydride ion (H−). They bond with more electropositive metal atoms. Ionic hydrides are usually binary compounds (i.e., only two elements in the compound) and are also insoluble in solutions. Now I hope you can form your own examples, but common examples are Sodium Hydride (NaH), Lithium hydride (LiH), Potassium hydride (KH) etc.

Elements in the same group have same:
  • a)
    Number of valence electrons
  • b)
    Density
  • c)
    Atomic radius
  • d)
    Nuclear charge
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Lavanya Menon answered
  • Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons in their outermost shell, hence, have similar properties.
  • Elements in the same period don't have same number of valence electrons, hence, have different properties. But, elements in the same period have same number of shells. 

The first period has how many orbitals?
  • a)
    1
  • b)
    3
  • c)
    2
  • d)
    4
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Raghav Bansal answered
1st period contains only 2 elements hydrogen and helium having atomic no. 1 and 2 respectively.
The electronic configuration of hydrogen is 1s1 while that of helium is 1s2. Both contain only s subshell. S subshell that only contains 1 orbital i.e. z.
Thus, 1st period has 1 orbital.

The symbol for element with atomic number 111 and name Unununnium is
  • a)
    Uun
  • b)
    Uuu
  • c)
    UUU
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
  • The element was to be called unununium (with the corresponding symbol of Uuu),a systematic element name as a placeholder, until the element was discovered (and the discovery then confirmed) and a permanent name was decided on.
  • Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who called it element 111, with the symbol of E111, (111) or even simply 111.

The oxygen family is also known as:
  • a)
    halogen family
  • b)
    oxo family
  • c)
    chalcogen family
  • d)
    peroxo family
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajat Kapoor answered
The Oxygen family, sometimes also known as chalcogens, is group 16 on the periodic table and consisted of oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium and ununhexium.

The element with lowest ionization energy among the following is:
  • a)
    Li
  • b)
    Na
  • c)
    Rb
  • d)
    K
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
When we go down in a group shell increase and size increase and due to large size of atom electron can easily be removed. Thats option is C.

Identify the smallest ion among the following:​
  • a)
    Na+
  • b)
    Mg2+
  • c)
    K+
  • d)
    Al3+
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Raghav Bansal answered
Al3+ because they all have the same number of electrons, however Al3+ has the most protons and therefore greatest nuclear charge. In Al3+, the same number of electrons are being attracted by more protons in the nucleus, so the electrons are being pulled closer to the nucleus, reducing the size of the ionic radius.

Which of the following elements will have the largest atomic radii?
  • a)
    Sr
  • b)
    Al
  • c)
    Li
  • d)
    Ca
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
Strontium has the highest atomic radii because it on the group atomic radius increases also it belongs to 4D so if there is doubt of Lanthanide contraction then the size of 4D is largest followed by 3D and 5D has the smallest size.

Among the following elements element with highest ionisation enthalpy is:
  • a)
    N
  • b)
    C
  • c)
    O
  • d)
    B
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
Among the given molecules, N2 has highest ionization enthalpy.The reason behind is the stability of half-filled orbitals which makes it more stable than other elements in the given option list.

Which one of the following ions has the highest value of ionic radius ?                               [AIEEE-2004]
  • a)
    O2-
  • b)
    B3+ 
  • c)
    Li+ 
  • d)
    F-
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Hansa Sharma answered
This can be explained on the basis of z/e, where as z/e ratio increases, the size decreases and when z/e ratio decreases the size increases.
z is atomic number and e is number of electrons.
For Li+, z/e = 3/2 = 1.5
For F-, z/e = 9/10 = 0.9
For O2-, z/e = 8/10 = 0.8
For B3+, z/e = 5/2 = 2.5
The correct option is A.

The nature of bonds in the compounds of carbon is mostly:
  • a)
    Electrovalent
  • b)
    Covalent as well as electrovalent
  • c)
    Covalent
  • d)
    Metallic
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajat Kapoor answered
The atomic no. of carbon is 6 which means that a nutral atom of carbon contains 6 electrons .so, the electronic confugration of carbon is 2 and 4. Since a corbon atom has 4 electrons in tis outermost cell ,so it should either lose 4 electrons or gain 4 electrons to achieve the inert gas electron configuration and become stable,its not possible to remove 4 electrons from a carbon atom,its not possible to add as many as 4 electrons to a carbon atom,,therefore carbon atoms can achieve the inert gas electron arrangment only by the sharing of electrons,tthere fore ,carbon alwayz forms covalent bonds. 

Mendeleev predicted the existence of which element/elements in the periodic table?
  • a)
    Gallium
  • b)
    Sodium and germanium
  • c)
    Gallium and germanium
  • d)
    Germanium and Gold
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Neha Joshi answered
Gallium and Germanium were the elements not discovered at that time and Mendeleev put gaps in the periodic table.
Gallium was called as Eka aluminium
Germanium was called as Eka silicon

How many orbitals are filled in second period?
  • a)
    6
  • b)
    3
  • c)
    1
  • d)
    4
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Lavanya Menon answered
The 4 orbitals filled in second period are one 2s (with 2 electrons) and three 2p (with 6 electrons).

Choose the correct statement:
  • a)
    Across a period electropositivity of elements increases
  • b)
    Across a period basic nature of oxides increases
  • c)
    Across a period acidic nature of oxides increases
  • d)
    Across a period metallic character increases
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Shah answered
The non metallic character decreases down the group.And we know the oxides of non-metal r acidic in genral.Hence acidic character of oxides decreases down d group. Down the group the size of the element increases, electronegativity decreases ,metallic character increases and hence the acidic character decrease.

Which of the following elements are called representative elements?
  • a)
    p block elements only
  • b)
    s and p block elements only
  • c)
    d block elements only
  • d)
    s block elements only
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Gaurav Kumar answered
The elements of "s" and "p" blocks except "d" group elements are called as representative elements. Their outer shells are not completely filled with electrons. The elements get the nearest inert gas configuration by losing or gaining or sharing of electrons. 

Among the following oxides, neutral oxide is:​
  • a)
    ZnO2
  • b)
    SiO2
  • c)
    CO
  • d)
    SnO2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Shreya Gupta answered
Neutral oxide. Neutral oxides are oxides which are neither acidic nor basic. In other words, oxides which neither react with acids or with bases are called neutral oxides. Some examples of neutral oxides are nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon monoxide (CO).

Inert gases belong to which block of the periodic table?
  • a)
    s-block
  • b)
    d-block
  • c)
    p-block
  • d)
    f-block
Correct answer is 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Rajeev Saxena answered
The six noble gases are helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn). Their atomic numbers are, respectively, 2, 10, 18, 36, 54, and 86.

Newland arranged elements in increasing order of atomic weights and noted that every eighth element had properties similar to:
  • a)
    Third element
  • b)
    Fourth element
  • c)
    Second element
  • d)
    First element
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Hansa Sharma answered
According to Newlands' law of octaves when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weights then every eighth element has properties similar to that of the first element.

The largest atomic radius among the following is of:
  • a)
    Na
  • b)
    Mg
  • c)
    K
  • d)
    Ca
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Shah answered
Atomic radius decreases along period, the very next elements K ,Ca has K has higher atomic radius.

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