All questions of January 2024 for CLAT Exam

Indias first Dark Sky Park - Pench Tiger Reserve

Introduction:
Pench Tiger Reserve has been given the title of India's first Dark Sky Park. This recognition signifies that the reserve has exceptionally low levels of light pollution, making it an ideal location for stargazing and nocturnal wildlife observation.

Dark Sky Parks:
Dark Sky Parks are designated areas where measures are taken to minimize light pollution. These parks provide an opportunity for people to experience the beauty of the night sky, observe celestial objects, and engage in astronomy-related activities. It also helps in conserving the natural habitat of nocturnal wildlife.

Pench Tiger Reserve:
Pench Tiger Reserve is located in the southern part of Madhya Pradesh and extends into Maharashtra. It is spread over an area of 758 square kilometers and is known for its rich biodiversity. The reserve is named after the Pench River, which flows through its core area.

Reasons for Recognition:
The Pench Tiger Reserve has been recognized as India's first Dark Sky Park due to the following reasons:

1. Low Light Pollution: The reserve has taken effective measures to minimize light pollution, ensuring that its night sky remains dark and unpolluted. This allows for excellent stargazing opportunities and enhances the overall experience for visitors.

2. Conservation of Nocturnal Wildlife: By reducing light pollution, the reserve is creating a favorable environment for nocturnal wildlife. Many animals and birds are adapted to nighttime activities, and excessive artificial lighting can disrupt their natural behavior. The designation as a Dark Sky Park helps in preserving their habitat.

3. Ecotourism Potential: The recognition of Pench Tiger Reserve as India's first Dark Sky Park adds to its ecotourism potential. It attracts tourists, both domestic and international, who have an interest in astronomy, wildlife, and nature conservation. This can contribute to the local economy and raise awareness about the importance of preserving natural dark skies.

Conclusion:
The Pench Tiger Reserve's recognition as India's first Dark Sky Park is a significant achievement. It showcases the efforts taken to protect the night sky and promote sustainable tourism. By preserving dark skies, the reserve ensures that future generations can continue to enjoy the wonders of the night sky and the biodiversity it supports.

Explanation:

The Clean Survey-2023 is a survey conducted to assess the cleanliness and pollution levels of the cities located along the Ganga River in India. It aims to promote the cleaning and conservation of the Ganga River and recognize the efforts of cities in maintaining cleanliness.

The Cleanest Ganga City award is given to the cities that have shown outstanding performance in maintaining cleanliness and reducing pollution levels in and around the Ganga River. In the Clean Survey-2023, the two cities that have received the Cleanest Ganga City award are Varanasi and Prayagraj.

Reasons for Varanasi receiving the Cleanest Ganga City award:
- Varanasi is one of the oldest and holiest cities in India, attracting millions of tourists and devotees every year. The city has made significant efforts to maintain cleanliness and reduce pollution levels in the Ganga River.
- The city has implemented various initiatives and projects to treat and manage wastewater effectively. This has resulted in a significant improvement in the water quality of the Ganga River in Varanasi.
- Varanasi has also taken measures to prevent open defecation along the riverbanks and promote the use of public toilets. This has helped in maintaining the cleanliness of the river and its surroundings.
- The city has actively engaged in awareness campaigns and community involvement programs to educate the residents and visitors about the importance of keeping the Ganga River clean.

Reasons for Prayagraj receiving the Cleanest Ganga City award:
- Prayagraj, formerly known as Allahabad, is another important city located along the Ganga River. It is famous for the Kumbh Mela, a major Hindu pilgrimage that attracts millions of people.
- The city has implemented effective waste management systems and has taken measures to control industrial and domestic pollution in the Ganga River.
- Prayagraj has also focused on maintaining the cleanliness of the riverbanks and promoting eco-friendly practices among its residents and businesses.
- The city has actively worked towards reducing the discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluents into the Ganga River, leading to improved water quality.

Overall, Varanasi and Prayagraj have demonstrated exemplary efforts in maintaining the cleanliness of the Ganga River and its surroundings. These cities have implemented various initiatives, engaged in awareness campaigns, and focused on effective waste management to ensure the conservation and cleanliness of the Ganga River. As a recognition of their efforts, they have been awarded the Cleanest Ganga City award in the Clean Survey-2023.

International Hockey Federation Broadcasting Agreement

The International Hockey Federation (FIH) has signed an agreement with Viacom 18 for broadcasting hockey tournaments. This partnership with Viacom 18 aims to increase the visibility of hockey tournaments and promote the sport among a wider audience.

Benefits of the Agreement

- Increased Exposure: Broadcasting hockey tournaments on Viacom 18 channels will provide increased exposure to the sport, reaching a larger number of viewers.

- Promotion of Hockey: The agreement will help in promoting hockey at a national and international level, creating more awareness and interest in the sport.

- Quality Coverage: Viacom 18 is known for its high-quality sports broadcasting, ensuring that hockey tournaments are presented in a professional and engaging manner.

- Enhanced Viewing Experience: Viewers can expect a more immersive and enjoyable viewing experience of hockey tournaments through Viacom 18's broadcast.

Impact on Hockey

- Popularization of the Sport: By broadcasting hockey tournaments on a prominent network like Viacom 18, the sport is likely to gain popularity and attract more fans.

- Sponsorship and Revenue: Increased visibility of hockey tournaments can attract more sponsors and generate revenue for the sport, which can be invested in its development.

- Player Recognition: With wider coverage, players participating in hockey tournaments can gain recognition and build their profiles, contributing to the growth of the sport.

In conclusion, the agreement between the International Hockey Federation and Viacom 18 for broadcasting hockey tournaments is a significant step towards promoting the sport and expanding its reach to a larger audience. This partnership is expected to have a positive impact on hockey by increasing its visibility, attracting more viewers, and fostering its growth at both national and international levels.

Details about the Inauguration of India's Longest Bridge over the Sea:

Prime Minister Narendra Modi Inaugurated the Bridge:
- Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated India's longest bridge over the sea, the 'Bogibeel Bridge', on December 25, 2018.
- The bridge is situated in the state of Assam and spans the Brahmaputra River.

Significance of the Bogibeel Bridge:
- The Bogibeel Bridge is a vital link connecting the north and south banks of the Brahmaputra River.
- It significantly reduces the travel time between Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, benefiting the people and enhancing connectivity in the region.

Key Features of the Bogibeel Bridge:
- The bridge is 4.94 kilometers long, making it the longest rail-cum-road bridge in India.
- It is constructed with a combination of road and rail links, providing a strategic transportation corridor in the northeastern part of the country.

Impact on Development and Connectivity:
- The inauguration of the Bogibeel Bridge has opened up new opportunities for development in the region.
- It has improved connectivity for the people of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, paving the way for economic growth and progress.

Conclusion:
- The inauguration of the Bogibeel Bridge by Prime Minister Narendra Modi marks a significant milestone in enhancing infrastructure and connectivity in the northeastern part of India.

Introduction
The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras is expanding its global presence by opening a new campus, and the selected country for this initiative is Sri Lanka. This move signifies India's commitment to enhancing educational ties in the region.
Reasons for Choosing Sri Lanka
- Geographical Proximity: Sri Lanka's close geographical location to India facilitates easier collaboration and exchange of knowledge between the institutions.
- Educational Collaboration: The new campus aims to foster educational ties and offer advanced engineering and technology programs, benefiting students in Sri Lanka and nearby regions.
- Strategic Partnerships: Establishing a campus in Sri Lanka strengthens India's strategic partnerships in South Asia, promoting regional development through education.
Campus Objectives
- Quality Education
- Skill Development: The campus will also emphasize skill development in emerging technologies, preparing students for the global job market.
Conclusion
In summary, the decision to open a new campus of IIT Madras in Sri Lanka reflects a strategic move to enhance educational collaboration, promote regional development, and extend India's influence in higher education. This initiative is expected to create a positive impact on the educational landscape in Sri Lanka and the surrounding region.