UPSC Geography for UPSC 2023 (Pre & Mains)1. UPSC Solar System and Physical Geography:- Solar System: Formation, Structure, and Composition of the Sun, Planets, and other celestial bodies.
- Earth: Origin, Shape, and Size of the Earth, Theories of Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanoes.
- Landforms: Major Landforms and their features, Weathering and Erosion, Landforms created by Rivers, Glaciers, Wind, and Coastal processes.
- Rocks and Minerals: Types of Rocks, Rock Cycle, Minerals and their uses.
- Geomorphic Processes: Fluvial, Glacial, Aeolian, and Coastal processes.
- Soil: Types of Soil, Soil Erosion, Soil Conservation, and Soil degradation.
- Natural Hazards: Earthquakes, Volcanic eruptions, Cyclones, Tsunamis, Floods, Droughts, and Landslides.
2. UPSC Climatology:- Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Layers of the Atmosphere, Atmospheric Pressure and Circulation.
- Weather and Climate: Elements of Weather, Factors influencing Climate, Climate Change and its impacts.
- Monsoons: Indian Monsoons, Features of Southwest Monsoon and Northeast Monsoon.
- Climatic Regions of the World: Tropical, Temperate, and Polar regions, Their characteristics and climatic zones within them.
- Climatic Variability: El Niño, La Niña, Indian Ocean Dipole, and their effects on Global Climate.
- Climate and Agriculture: Influence of Climate on Agriculture, Climate-responsive agriculture practices.
3. UPSC Oceanography:- Oceans and Seas: Composition, Salinity, Temperature, and Density of Ocean Waters, Ocean Currents, and their impact on Climate.
- Coral Reefs: Formation, Types, and Importance of Coral Reefs.
- Marine Resources: Living and Non-living resources of the Oceans, Conservation and Sustainable utilization of Marine Resources.
- Ocean Pollution: Causes and effects of Marine Pollution, Measures to reduce Ocean Pollution.
- Coastal Processes: Waves, Tides, and Currents, Coastal Landforms, and Erosion.
4. UPSC Indian Geography:- Physical Features: Mountains, Plateaus, Plains, and Rivers of India.
- Climate of India: Classification of Indian Climate, Monsoons, Seasonal Weather patterns, and Climatic Regions of India.
- Natural Vegetation: Forests, Grasslands, and Deserts of India, Conservation of Forests and Wildlife.
- Water Resources: Rivers, Lakes, and Water Management in India, Interlinking of Rivers.
- Agriculture in India: Types of Farming, Major Crops, Agricultural Practices, and Agricultural Reforms.
- Industries in India: Location and Distribution of Industries, Industrial Policies and Development, Industrial Corridors.
5. UPSC Economic Geography:- Resources and Development: Classification and Distribution of Natural Resources, Sustainable Development.
- Population: Growth, Density, Distribution, and Migration of Population, Urbanization, and Smart Cities.
- Transport and Communication: Modes of Transport, Major Transport Corridors, Communication Networks, and Digital India.
- Regional Development and Planning: Regional Disparities, Regional Imbalances, and Planning for Balanced Regional Development.
- International Trade: India's Foreign Trade, Trade Routes, Bilateral and Multilateral Trade Agreements, Export and Import Policies.
- Human Development: Human Development Indicators, Gender and Development, Social Infrastructure, and Poverty Alleviation Programs.
Note: This syllabus is intended for UPSC 2023 examination (Preliminary and Main). It covers various aspects of Physical and Human Geography that are relevant for the UPSC Civil Services Examination.
This course is helpful for the following exams: UPSC