Agrarian structure is often used to refer to the structure or distribution of land holdings, because agricultural land is the most important productive resources in rural areas and access to it shape the rural class structure. 

Agrarian Society: Change and Development in Rural Society

An agrarian society refers to a social system where agriculture is the primary means of production and the majority of the population is engaged in agricultural activities. In such a society, farming is the primary source of food and other essential resources, and the economy is largely based on agricultural production. Agrarian societies have been prevalent throughout human history and have undergone significant changes and developments over time.

Characteristics of an Agrarian Society
- Agriculture as the main economic activity: In an agrarian society, farming is the primary occupation of the people, and the majority of the population is engaged in agricultural activities.
- Land ownership and farming: Land ownership is a crucial aspect of agrarian societies, and farmers work on their own or rented land to cultivate crops and raise livestock.
- Subsistence farming: Agrarian societies typically practice subsistence farming, where the primary goal is to produce enough food to meet the needs of the family or community.
- Traditional farming methods: Agrarian societies often rely on traditional farming techniques, such as manual labor, hand tools, and limited use of machinery.
- Limited technology and industrialization: Industrialization and technological advancements are minimal in agrarian societies, with agriculture being the main focus of economic development.
- Rural communities: Agrarian societies are predominantly rural, with small communities or villages serving as the primary social units.

Changes and Developments in Agrarian Society
Over time, agrarian societies have undergone various changes and developments, leading to transformations in rural communities. Some key factors that have influenced these changes include:

1. Technological advancements: The introduction of modern agricultural technologies, such as machinery, irrigation systems, and improved crop varieties, has increased agricultural productivity and efficiency in agrarian societies.
2. Urbanization and rural-urban migration: The growth of cities and urban areas has led to a shift in population from rural to urban areas, impacting the size and structure of rural communities.
3. Commercialization of agriculture: The transition from subsistence farming to commercial agriculture has occurred in many agrarian societies, leading to increased production for the market and the monetization of agricultural activities.
4. Land reforms and land tenure systems: Changes in land ownership and land tenure systems have occurred in some agrarian societies, aiming to address issues of land inequality and promote agricultural development.
5. Education and skill development: Education and skill development programs have aimed to enhance the capabilities of rural populations, empowering them to adopt new farming techniques and diversify their sources of income.

Conclusion
Agrarian societies are characterized by their reliance on agriculture as the primary means of production. Over time, these societies have experienced changes and developments driven by technological advancements, urbanization, commercialization of agriculture, land reforms, and education. Understanding the dynamics of agrarian societies is essential for sociologists and policymakers to address the challenges and opportunities associated with rural development.