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A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question. Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).
Q. Principles
(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another
(ii) One is liable only for contractual relations
Facts
X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.
Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer because
  • a)
    of contractual relations
  • b)
    of the Food Adulteration Act
  • c)
    the consumer is the neighbor of X
  • d)
    of the consumer protection law
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Deci...
Yes (a) is the answer because as per the given principle , one can be found guilty only for contractual relations . So X will be liable to the consumer .
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A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Deci...
The correct option is A.
Direct from principle 2 ‘ One is liable only for contractual relations’
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The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The 2019 Act has brought in some major changes and provides for more protection to the consumers in pari materia to the earlier 1986 Act which can be seen from the comprehensive definition provided for the terms consumer and unfair trade practice. The 2019 Act expands the scope of the definition of consumer so as to include the consumers involved in online transactions and it now squarely covers the e-commerce businesses within its ambit. The 2019 Act has also widened the definition of unfair trade practices as compared to the 1986 Act which now includes within its ambit online misleading advertisements; the practice of not issuing bill/memo for the goods and services; failing to take back defective goods or deactivate defective services and refund the amount within the stipulated time mentioned in the bill or memo or within 30 days in the absence of such stipulation; and disclosing personal information of a consumer unless such disclosure is in accordance with law.The 2019 Act has also introduced the concept of unfair contract which includes those contracts which favour the manufacturers or service providers and are against the interest of the consumers such as contracts requiring manifestly excessive security deposits to be given by a consumer for the performance of contractual obligations; imposing any penalty on the consumer for a breach of the contract, which is wholly disproportionate to the loss occurred due to such breach to the other party to the contract. Such unfair consumer contracts are now covered under the 2019 Act and a complaint in this regard can now be filed by a consumer.Another major introduction in the 2019 Act is the concept of product liability which covers within its ambit the product manufacturer, product service provider and product seller, for any claim for compensation. The term product liability is defined by the 2019 Act as the responsibility of a product manufacturer or product seller, of any product or service, related to the product to compensate for any harm caused to a consumer by such defective product manufactured or sold or by deficiency in services relating to the product. Also, the product seller has now been defined to include a person who is involved in placing the product for a commercial purpose and as such would include e-commerce platforms as well. Therefore, the ground commonly taken by e-commerce websites that they merely act as platforms or aggregators will now not be tenable before the court anymore. There are increased liability risks for manufacturers as compared to product service providers and product sellers, considering that under the 2019 Act, manufacturers will be liable in product liability action even where they successfully prove that they were not negligent or fraudulent in making the express warranty of a product. However, certain exceptions have been provided under the 2019 Act from liability claims, such as, that the product seller will not be liable where the product has been misused, altered or modified.Q.A milk company, selling Parag milk packets of 500 ml, actually delivers only 400 ml through its retailer. The buyer wants compensation. Decide.

The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The 2019 Act has brought in some major changes and provides for more protection to the consumers in pari materia to the earlier 1986 Act which can be seen from the comprehensive definition provided for the terms consumer and unfair trade practice. The 2019 Act expands the scope of the definition of consumer so as to include the consumers involved in online transactions and it now squarely covers the e-commerce businesses within its ambit. The 2019 Act has also widened the definition of unfair trade practices as compared to the 1986 Act which now includes within its ambit online misleading advertisements; the practice of not issuing bill/memo for the goods and services; failing to take back defective goods or deactivate defective services and refund the amount within the stipulated time mentioned in the bill or memo or within 30 days in the absence of such stipulation; and disclosing personal information of a consumer unless such disclosure is in accordance with law.The 2019 Act has also introduced the concept of unfair contract which includes those contracts which favour the manufacturers or service providers and are against the interest of the consumers such as contracts requiring manifestly excessive security deposits to be given by a consumer for the performance of contractual obligations; imposing any penalty on the consumer for a breach of the contract, which is wholly disproportionate to the loss occurred due to such breach to the other party to the contract. Such unfair consumer contracts are now covered under the 2019 Act and a complaint in this regard can now be filed by a consumer.Another major introduction in the 2019 Act is the concept of product liability which covers within its ambit the product manufacturer, product service provider and product seller, for any claim for compensation. The term product liability is defined by the 2019 Act as the responsibility of a product manufacturer or product seller, of any product or service, related to the product to compensate for any harm caused to a consumer by such defective product manufactured or sold or by deficiency in services relating to the product. Also, the product seller has now been defined to include a person who is involved in placing the product for a commercial purpose and as such would include e-commerce platforms as well. Therefore, the ground commonly taken by e-commerce websites that they merely act as platforms or aggregators will now not be tenable before the court anymore. There are increased liability risks for manufacturers as compared to product service providers and product sellers, considering that under the 2019 Act, manufacturers will be liable in product liability action even where they successfully prove that they were not negligent or fraudulent in making the express warranty of a product. However, certain exceptions have been provided under the 2019 Act from liability claims, such as, that the product seller will not be liable where the product has been misused, altered or modified.Q.Zia ordered a dress of white colour from Dress.com for her sisters wedding on 1stApril. She received the package on 1stMarch and didnt open it until the day of wedding. When she opened the package, she found that the dress had a brown stain on it. The bill had no mention of the return policy, so she applied for the return. Decide.

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The question is based on the reasoning and arguments, or facts and principles set out in the passage. Some of these principles may not be true in the real or legal sense, yet you must conclusively assume that they are true for the purpose. Please answer the question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Do not rely on any principle of law other than the ones supplied to you, and do not assume any facts other than those supplied to you when answering the question. Please choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively answers the question.The 2019 Act has brought in some major changes and provides for more protection to the consumers in pari materia to the earlier 1986 Act which can be seen from the comprehensive definition provided for the terms consumer and unfair trade practice. The 2019 Act expands the scope of the definition of consumer so as to include the consumers involved in online transactions and it now squarely covers the e-commerce businesses within its ambit. The 2019 Act has also widened the definition of unfair trade practices as compared to the 1986 Act which now includes within its ambit online misleading advertisements; the practice of not issuing bill/memo for the goods and services; failing to take back defective goods or deactivate defective services and refund the amount within the stipulated time mentioned in the bill or memo or within 30 days in the absence of such stipulation; and disclosing personal information of a consumer unless such disclosure is in accordance with law.The 2019 Act has also introduced the concept of unfair contract which includes those contracts which favour the manufacturers or service providers and are against the interest of the consumers such as contracts requiring manifestly excessive security deposits to be given by a consumer for the performance of contractual obligations; imposing any penalty on the consumer for a breach of the contract, which is wholly disproportionate to the loss occurred due to such breach to the other party to the contract. Such unfair consumer contracts are now covered under the 2019 Act and a complaint in this regard can now be filed by a consumer.Another major introduction in the 2019 Act is the concept of product liability which covers within its ambit the product manufacturer, product service provider and product seller, for any claim for compensation. The term product liability is defined by the 2019 Act as the responsibility of a product manufacturer or product seller, of any product or service, related to the product to compensate for any harm caused to a consumer by such defective product manufactured or sold or by deficiency in services relating to the product. Also, the product seller has now been defined to include a person who is involved in placing the product for a commercial purpose and as such would include e-commerce platforms as well. Therefore, the ground commonly taken by e-commerce websites that they merely act as platforms or aggregators will now not be tenable before the court anymore. There are increased liability risks for manufacturers as compared to product service providers and product sellers, considering that under the 2019 Act, manufacturers will be liable in product liability action even where they successfully prove that they were not negligent or fraudulent in making the express warranty of a product. However, certain exceptions have been provided under the 2019 Act from liability claims, such as, that the product seller will not be liable where the product has been misused, altered or modified.Q.Biru fancy dress house provides fancy dresses on rent for all kinds of events. Seema rented a dress for an event. Biru asked for a security deposit for Rs. 5000, which was double the price of the dress to be rented, which was unreasonable. Seema filed a suit under the ambit of the Consumer Protection Bill, 2019. Decide.

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A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free.
Here you can find the meaning of A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice A principle/principles and a fact situation are given in question.Decide only on the basis of the principle(s).Q.Principles(i) Neighbour principle-A person is liable if he harms his neighbour. A neighbour is one whose action affects another(ii) One is liable only for contractual relationsFacts X manufactures a food item and sells his food item to Y, a whole seller. Y appoints Z, a retailer to retail these items.Z sells the food item to a consumer who after eating them falls ill. X is liable to the consumer becausea)of contractual relationsb)of the Food Adulteration Actc)the consumer is the neighbor of Xd)of the consumer protection lawCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.
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