Differences between Himadri Range and Shiwalik:

Himadri Range:
- The Himadri Range is the northernmost range of the Himalayas, located in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- It is also known as the Greater Himalayas or the Inner Himalayas.
- The average height of the Himadri Range is around 6,000 meters, with several peaks exceeding 7,000 meters.

Shiwalik:
- The Shiwalik Range, also known as the Outer Himalayas, is the southernmost range of the Himalayas.
- It stretches from the Indus River in the west to the Brahmaputra River in the east, covering several states in India, including Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal.
- The average height of the Shiwalik Range is between 900 and 1,100 meters, with some peaks reaching up to 2,500 meters.

Differences:

1. Location and Extent:
- The Himadri Range is located in Jammu and Kashmir, India, while the Shiwalik Range extends through multiple states, including Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal.
- The Himadri Range is the northernmost range of the Himalayas, while the Shiwalik Range is the southernmost range.

2. Average Height and Peaks:
- The Himadri Range has an average height of around 6,000 meters, with several peaks exceeding 7,000 meters. Some of the highest peaks in the world, such as Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga, are part of this range.
- On the other hand, the Shiwalik Range has an average height of between 900 and 1,100 meters, with some peaks reaching up to 2,500 meters. The peaks in this range are relatively lower compared to the Himadri Range.

3. Vegetation and Climate:
- Due to its higher altitude, the Himadri Range experiences a colder climate and is covered in snow for most of the year. The vegetation in this range is characterized by alpine forests and grasslands.
- The Shiwalik Range, with its lower altitude, has a milder climate and supports a diverse range of vegetation. It is covered in dense forests, including subtropical and tropical forests, as well as grasslands.

In conclusion, the Himadri Range and the Shiwalik Range differ in terms of their location and extent, average height and peaks, as well as vegetation and climate. The Himadri Range is located in Jammu and Kashmir, with higher peaks and colder climate, while the Shiwalik Range extends through multiple states, has relatively lower peaks, and supports a diverse range of vegetation.