Economic development is a complex process that involves various changes in the economy. These changes can be broadly categorized into two types: structural change and change in the occupational structure. Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Structural Change:

One of the key characteristics of economic development is structural change. This refers to the shift in the composition of an economy from one sector to another. In developing economies, this typically involves a transition from an agrarian-based economy to an industrial or service-based economy. This shift is driven by various factors such as technological advancements, changes in consumer preferences, and globalization.

Structural change is often accompanied by changes in the production processes, employment patterns, and the distribution of income and wealth. For example, as an economy moves from agriculture to industry, there is a shift in employment from the agricultural sector to the manufacturing sector. This shift leads to increased productivity, higher wages, and improved living standards for the population.

Change in Occupational Structure:

Another characteristic of economic development is a change in the occupational structure. This refers to the changing composition of employment in different sectors of the economy. In the early stages of development, the majority of the population is engaged in agricultural activities. However, as the economy develops, there is a gradual shift of workers from agriculture to other sectors such as manufacturing, services, and the knowledge economy.

This change in the occupational structure is driven by factors such as technological advancements, urbanization, and the growth of industries and services. As the economy develops, there is an increase in the demand for skilled workers in sectors such as manufacturing and services. This leads to a decline in the share of employment in agriculture and a rise in the share of employment in other sectors.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, economic development is characterized by both structural change in the economy and a change in the occupational structure. These changes are interrelated and contribute to the overall growth and transformation of an economy. Structural change involves a shift in the composition of the economy from one sector to another, while the change in the occupational structure involves a shift in employment patterns across sectors. Both these characteristics are essential for sustainable and inclusive economic development.