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In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water initially at 25
°
C. It is stirred by an agitator, which is made to turn by a slowly falling body weighing 40 kg through a height of 4 m. The process is repeated 500 times. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 ms-2. Neglecting the heat capacity of agitator, the temperature of water (in °
C) is- a)40.5
- b)34.4
- c)26.8
- d)25
Correct answer is option `B`. Can you explain this answer?
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In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water ...
Joule's Experiment - Determining the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat
Joule's experiment is a classic experiment in thermodynamics that determined the mechanical equivalent of heat. The experiment involved stirring water in an insulated container using an agitator that was powered by a falling weight. The temperature change of the water was measured to determine the amount of heat generated by the mechanical work.
Given Parameters
- Mass of water, m = 20 kg
- Initial temperature of water, T1 = 25°C
- Mass of falling weight, M = 40 kg
- Height of fall, h = 4 m
- Number of repetitions, n = 500
- Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8 ms-2
Calculations
The mechanical work done by the falling weight in each repetition is given by:
W = Mgh
where g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the height of fall, and M is the mass of the falling weight. Substituting the given values, we get:
W = (40 kg) x (4 m) x (9.8 ms-2) = 1568 J
The total mechanical work done in n repetitions is:
Wtotal = nW = 500 x 1568 J = 784,000 J
This mechanical work is converted into heat energy by the agitator, which is then transferred to the water. The heat energy generated by the mechanical work is given by the formula:
Q = mcΔT
where Q is the heat energy generated, m is the mass of water, c is the specific heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the temperature change of water.
Since the agitator is assumed to have zero heat capacity, all the heat energy generated by the mechanical work is transferred to the water. Therefore, we can equate the heat energy generated to the mechanical work done:
Q = Wtotal = 784,000 J
Substituting the given values, we get:
mcΔT = 784,000 J
(20 kg) x (4184 J kg-1 °C-1) x ΔT = 784,000 J
ΔT = 9.4°C
The final temperature of water is therefore:
T2 = T1 + ΔT = 25°C + 9.4°C = 34.4°C
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Joule's experiment is a classic experiment in thermodynamics that determined the mechanical equivalent of heat. The experiment involved stirring water in an insulated container using an agitator that was powered by a falling weight. The temperature change of the water was measured to determine the amount of heat generated by the mechanical work.
Given Parameters
- Mass of water, m = 20 kg
- Initial temperature of water, T1 = 25°C
- Mass of falling weight, M = 40 kg
- Height of fall, h = 4 m
- Number of repetitions, n = 500
- Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8 ms-2
Calculations
The mechanical work done by the falling weight in each repetition is given by:
W = Mgh
where g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the height of fall, and M is the mass of the falling weight. Substituting the given values, we get:
W = (40 kg) x (4 m) x (9.8 ms-2) = 1568 J
The total mechanical work done in n repetitions is:
Wtotal = nW = 500 x 1568 J = 784,000 J
This mechanical work is converted into heat energy by the agitator, which is then transferred to the water. The heat energy generated by the mechanical work is given by the formula:
Q = mcΔT
where Q is the heat energy generated, m is the mass of water, c is the specific heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the temperature change of water.
Since the agitator is assumed to have zero heat capacity, all the heat energy generated by the mechanical work is transferred to the water. Therefore, we can equate the heat energy generated to the mechanical work done:
Q = Wtotal = 784,000 J
Substituting the given values, we get:
mcΔT = 784,000 J
(20 kg) x (4184 J kg-1 °C-1) x ΔT = 784,000 J
ΔT = 9.4°C
The final temperature of water is therefore:
T2 = T1 + ΔT = 25°C + 9.4°C = 34.4°C
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
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In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water ...
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In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water initially at 25°C. It is stirred by an agitator, which is made to turn by a slowly falling body weighing 40 kg through a height of 4 m. The process is repeated 500 times. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 ms-2. Neglecting the heat capacity of agitator, the temperature of water (in°C) isa)40.5b)34.4c)26.8d)25Correct answer is option `B`. Can you explain this answer?
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In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water initially at 25°C. It is stirred by an agitator, which is made to turn by a slowly falling body weighing 40 kg through a height of 4 m. The process is repeated 500 times. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 ms-2. Neglecting the heat capacity of agitator, the temperature of water (in°C) isa)40.5b)34.4c)26.8d)25Correct answer is option `B`. Can you explain this answer? for Chemical Engineering 2024 is part of Chemical Engineering preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Chemical Engineering exam syllabus. Information about In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water initially at 25°C. It is stirred by an agitator, which is made to turn by a slowly falling body weighing 40 kg through a height of 4 m. The process is repeated 500 times. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 ms-2. Neglecting the heat capacity of agitator, the temperature of water (in°C) isa)40.5b)34.4c)26.8d)25Correct answer is option `B`. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Chemical Engineering 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water initially at 25°C. It is stirred by an agitator, which is made to turn by a slowly falling body weighing 40 kg through a height of 4 m. The process is repeated 500 times. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 ms-2. Neglecting the heat capacity of agitator, the temperature of water (in°C) isa)40.5b)34.4c)26.8d)25Correct answer is option `B`. Can you explain this answer?.
In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water initially at 25°C. It is stirred by an agitator, which is made to turn by a slowly falling body weighing 40 kg through a height of 4 m. The process is repeated 500 times. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 ms-2. Neglecting the heat capacity of agitator, the temperature of water (in°C) isa)40.5b)34.4c)26.8d)25Correct answer is option `B`. Can you explain this answer? for Chemical Engineering 2024 is part of Chemical Engineering preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Chemical Engineering exam syllabus. Information about In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water initially at 25°C. It is stirred by an agitator, which is made to turn by a slowly falling body weighing 40 kg through a height of 4 m. The process is repeated 500 times. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 ms-2. Neglecting the heat capacity of agitator, the temperature of water (in°C) isa)40.5b)34.4c)26.8d)25Correct answer is option `B`. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Chemical Engineering 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for In Joule`s experiment, an insulated container contains 20 kg of water initially at 25°C. It is stirred by an agitator, which is made to turn by a slowly falling body weighing 40 kg through a height of 4 m. The process is repeated 500 times. The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 ms-2. Neglecting the heat capacity of agitator, the temperature of water (in°C) isa)40.5b)34.4c)26.8d)25Correct answer is option `B`. Can you explain this answer?.
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