Federal Government vs Unitary Government
Federal Government:
- A federal government is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units.
- In a federal system, the central government and the constituent units each have their own powers and responsibilities, as outlined in the constitution.
- The United States, Canada, Australia, and Germany are examples of countries with federal governments.
- The central government in a federal system is limited in its authority, with certain powers reserved for the constituent units, such as states or provinces.
Unitary Government:
- A unitary government is a system of government in which all power is concentrated in a central authority.
- In a unitary system, the central government holds all authority and can delegate power to local governments as it sees fit.
- Countries like France, Japan, and the United Kingdom have unitary governments, where local governments have limited powers granted by the central government.
- In a unitary system, there is no constitutional division of powers between the central government and local governments.

Differences:
- Power Distribution: In a federal government, power is divided between the central government and constituent units, while in a unitary government, all power is held by the central authority.
- Constitutional Division: Federal governments have a constitutional division of powers between the central and local governments, while unitary governments do not have such a division.
- Flexibility: Unitary governments are more flexible in delegating power to local governments, while federal governments have a more rigid division of powers outlined in the constitution.