Bacteria play a vital role in the decomposition of various waste materials, breaking them down into simpler compounds. Among the options provided, the waste that can be decomposed by bacteria is food waste.

Food Waste Decomposition by Bacteria:
Food waste consists of organic materials such as fruits, vegetables, grains, meat, and dairy products. These organic materials contain carbon-based compounds that can be utilized by bacteria as a source of energy and nutrients. Bacteria have the ability to break down complex organic molecules into simpler forms through a process called decomposition or decay.

Bacteria involved in decomposition:
1. Aerobic Bacteria: These bacteria require oxygen to carry out the decomposition process. They are commonly found in well-aerated environments such as compost piles or natural soil. Aerobic bacteria break down organic matter through oxidative processes, converting it into carbon dioxide, water, and other simple compounds.

2. Anaerobic Bacteria: These bacteria can decompose organic matter in the absence of oxygen. They are commonly found in oxygen-depleted environments such as landfills or anaerobic digesters. Anaerobic bacteria break down organic matter through fermentation and other anaerobic processes, producing simpler compounds like methane gas and organic acids.

Process of Decomposition:
1. Enzymatic Breakdown: Bacteria produce enzymes that break down complex organic compounds into simpler molecules. These enzymes help in the digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats present in food waste.

2. Fermentation: During the decomposition process, bacteria ferment sugars and other carbohydrates, producing organic acids, alcohol, and gases like carbon dioxide and methane. This fermentation process contributes to the breakdown of food waste.

3. Nutrient Recycling: Bacteria also play a crucial role in the recycling of nutrients present in food waste. They convert organic compounds into forms that can be used by plants and other organisms, closing the nutrient cycle.

Conclusion:
Food waste is readily decomposed by bacteria due to its organic nature. Bacteria break down complex organic compounds through enzymatic breakdown, fermentation, and nutrient recycling. This decomposition process helps in the recycling of nutrients and the reduction of organic waste.